|
Ibrahim Bin Shaddad
Ibrahim bin Abu Bakr bin Shaddad bin Saber (), commonly known as Ibrahim bin Shaddad (late 13th century – 1342), was the '' muqadam'' (military assistant to the governor) of El Mahalla El Kubra and later the ''muqadam al-Dawla'' (equivalent to an interior minister). He comes from the Egyptian Shaddad family, and he was the closest companion to the Mamluk sultan al-Nasir Mahammad. Early life Ibrahim bin Shaddad bin Saber is originally an Egyptian ''fellah'' (farmer) from the ''fellahin'' of Minyat Abbad in Gharbiyyah. His father was ''Muqadam'' of El Mahalla El Kubra (Military Assistant to the Governor of El Mahalla). A problem arose between his father and the Governor of the El Mahalla, Qaisar, which led to his imprisonment and death in prison. So Ibrahim bin Shaddad traveled to Cairo to complain to the Egyptian Sultan al-Nasir Mahammad bin Qalawun, who did justice to Ibn Shaddad and brought him justice from the Governor of Mahalla. This was his first meeting with al-Nasir M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Mahalla El Kubra
El Mahalla El Kubra (, ) – commonly shortened to ' – is the largest city of the Gharbia Governorate and in the Nile Delta, with a population of 535,278 as of 2012. It is a large industrial and agricultural city in Egypt, located in the middle of the Nile Delta on the western bank of the Damietta Branch tributary. The city is known for its textile industry, and hosts the Misr Spinning and Weaving Company which employs around 27,000 people. Etymology El Mahalla El Kubra consists of two words: El Mahalla in Arabic means "''district''" or "''encampment",'' El Kubra means ''"great"''. Hence the title collectively means "''The Great Encampment''". The name is probably a rough translation of its Coptic Egyptian equivalent ti-Šairi ('').'' History In the Chronicle of John of Nikiu el-Mahalla is also given a name Didouseya, which could be equated with ''Theodosiou'' (). It is given as ''Theodosiou Nixis'' () by Daressy, but it's rather an equation of two nearby towns (Theodosiou a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emir
Emir (; ' (), also Romanization of Arabic, transliterated as amir, is a word of Arabic language, Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocratic, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or ceremonial authority. The title has a history of use in West Asia, East Africa, West Africa, Central Asia, and South Asia. In the modern era, when used as a formal monarchical title, it is roughly synonymous with "prince", applicable both to a son of a hereditary monarch, and to a reigning monarch of a sovereign principality, namely an emirate. The female, feminine form is emira ( '), with the same meaning as "princess". Prior to its use as a monarchical title, the term "emir" was historically used to denote a "commander", "general", or "leader" (for example, Amir al-Mu'min). In contemporary usage, "emir" is also sometimes used as either an honorary or formal title for the head of an Islamic, or Arab (regardless of relig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Generals Of The Medieval Islamic World
A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air and space forces, marines or naval infantry. In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED Online. March 2021. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/77489?rskey=dCKrg4&result=1 (accessed May 11, 2021) The adjective ''general'' had been affixed to officer designations since the late medieval period to indicate relative superiority or an extended jurisdiction. French Revolutionary system Arab system Other variations Other nomenclatures for general officers include the titles and ranks: * Adjutant general * Commandant-general * Inspector general * General-in-chief * General of the Air Force (USAF only) * General of the Armies of the United States (of America), a title created for General John J. Pershing, and subsequently granted posthumously to George Washington and Ulysses S. Grant * (" general admiral ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
14th-century People From The Mamluk Sultanate
The 14th century lasted from 1 January 1301 (represented by the Roman numerals MCCCI) to 31 December 1400 (MCD). It is estimated that the century witnessed the death of more than 45 million lives from political and natural disasters in both Europe and the Mongol Empire. West Africa experienced economic growth and prosperity. In Europe, the Black Death claimed 25 million lives wiping out one third of the European population while the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France fought in the protracted Hundred Years' War after the death of King Charles IV of France led to a claim to the French throne by King Edward III of England. This period is considered the height of chivalry and marks the beginning of strong separate identities for both England and France as well as the foundation of the Italian Renaissance and the Ottoman Empire. In Asia, Tamerlane (Timur), established the Timurid Empire, history's third largest empire to have been ever established by a single conqueror. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
13th-century People From The Mamluk Sultanate
The 13th century was the century which lasted from January 1, 1201 (represented by the Roman numerals MCCI) through December 31, 1300 (MCCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Mongol Empire was founded by Genghis Khan, which stretched from Eastern Asia to Eastern Europe. The conquests of Hulagu Khan and other Mongol invasions changed the course of the Muslim world, most notably the Siege of Baghdad (1258) and the destruction of the House of Wisdom. Other Muslim powers such as the Mali Empire and Delhi Sultanate conquered large parts of West Africa and the Indian subcontinent, while Buddhism witnessed a decline through the conquest led by Bakhtiyar Khilji. The earliest Islamic states in Southeast Asia formed during this century, most notably Samudera Pasai. The Kingdoms of Sukhothai and Hanthawaddy would emerge and go on to dominate their surrounding territories. Europe entered the apex of the High Middle Ages, characterized by rapid legal, cultural, and religious evo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1342 Deaths
Year 1342 (Roman numerals, MCCCXLII) was a common year starting on Tuesday and current year of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 21–June 27 – An-Nasir Ahmad, Sultan of Egypt, rules prior to being deposed by his half-brother As-Salih Ismail, Sultan of Egypt, As-Salih Ismail. * May 7 – Pope Clement VI succeeds Pope Benedict XII, as the 198th Pope. * July 16 – Louis I of Hungary, Louis I becomes king of Kingdom of Hungary, Hungary. * July 18 – Battle of Zava: Mu'izz al-Din Husayn defeats the Sarbadars. * July 22 – St. Mary Magdalene's flood is the worst such event on record for central Europe. * August 15 – Louis, King of Sicily, Louis "the Child", age 4, succeeds his father, Peter II of Sicily, Peter II, as king of Sicily and Duchy of Athens, duke of Athens; he is crowned on September 15 in Palermo Cathedral. * September 4 – John III of Trebizond (John III Comnenus) becomes Empire of Trebizond, emperor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From El Mahalla El Kubra
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation. Concepts Legal Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the right to self-determination. Though the mere status as peoples and the right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples (''peoples'', as in all groups of indigenous people, not merely all indigenous persons as in ''indigenous people''), does not automatically provide for independent sovereignty and therefore secession. Indeed, judge Ivor Jennings identified the inherent problems in the right of "peoples" to self-determination, as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egyptian Generals
''Egyptian'' describes something of, from, or related to Egypt. Egyptian or Egyptians may refer to: Nations and ethnic groups * Egyptians, a national group in North Africa ** Egyptian culture, a complex and stable culture with thousands of years of recorded history ** Egyptian cuisine, the local culinary traditions of Egypt * Egypt, the modern country in northeastern Africa ** Egyptian Arabic, the language spoken in contemporary Egypt ** A citizen of Egypt; see Demographics of Egypt * Ancient Egypt, a civilization from c. 3200 BC to 343 BC ** Ancient Egyptians, ethnic people of ancient Egypt ** Ancient Egyptian architecture, the architectural structure style ** Ancient Egyptian cuisine, the cuisine of ancient Egypt ** Egyptian language, the oldest known language of Egypt and a branch of the Afroasiatic language family * Copts, the ethnic Egyptian Christian minority ** Coptic language or Coptic Egyptian, the latest stage of the Egyptian language, spoken in Egypt until the 17th c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libya
Libya, officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya border, the east, Sudan to Libya–Sudan border, the southeast, Chad to Chad–Libya border, the south, Niger to Libya–Niger border, the southwest, Algeria to Algeria–Libya border, the west, and Tunisia to Libya–Tunisia border, the northwest. With an area of almost , it is the 4th-largest country in Africa and the Arab world, and the List of countries and outlying territories by total area, 16th-largest in the world. Libya claims 32,000 square kilometres of southeastern Algeria, south of the Libyan town of Ghat, Libya, Ghat. The largest city and capital is Tripoli, Libya, Tripoli, which is located in northwestern Libya and contains over a million of Libya's seven million people. Libya has been inhabited by Berber people, Berbers since the late Bronze Age as descendants from Iberomaurusian and Capsian cultures. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tripoli, Libya
Tripoli, historically known as Tripoli-of-the-West, is the capital city, capital and largest city of Libya, with a population of about 1.317 million people in 2021. It is located in the northwest of Libya on the edge of the desert, on a point of rocky land projecting into the Mediterranean Sea and forming a bay. It includes the port of Tripoli and the country's largest commercial and manufacturing center. It is also the site of the University of Tripoli. Tripoli was founded in the 7th century BC by the Phoenicians, who gave it the Libyco-Berber name (), before passing into the hands of the Greek rulers of Cyrenaica as Oea (). Due to the city's long history, there are many sites of archeological significance in Tripoli. ''Tripoli'' may also refer to the (top-level administrative division in the Libyan system), the Tripoli District, Libya, Tripoli District. Name In the Arab world, Tripoli is also known as "Tripoli-of-the-West" (), to distinguish it from Tripoli, Lebanon, known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tankiz
Sayf ad-Din Tankiz ibn Abdullah al-Husami an-Nasiri, better known simply as Tankiz (; died May 1340), was the Damascus-based Turkic peoples, Turkic ''na'ib al-saltana'' (viceroy) of Syria from 1312 to 1340 during the reign of the Bahri dynasty, Bahri Mamluk sultan an-Nasir Muhammad.Flood 1997, p. 68. Early life and career According to a Mamluk-era biographer of Tankiz, Khalil ibn Aybak as-Safadi, Tankiz was brought to Cairo as a young child by a man named al-Khwajah Alaa al-Din al-Siwasi.Conermann 2008, p. 7. The name ''tankiz'' was the Arabic version of the Turkic languages, Turkic word ''teñiz'', meaning "sea".Conermann 2008, p. 5. Tankiz was raised in Cairo and was later bought by Sultan Lajin, Husam al-Din al-Lajin in 1296, becoming a mamluk (slave soldier) in his service until January 1299, when Lajin was killed.Steenbergen 2001, p. 459. Following Lajin's death, Tankiz became a bodyguard (''khassakiya'') of Sultan an-Nasir Muhammad in 1299. In December 1299, Tankiz participate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Maqrizi
Al-Maqrīzī (, full name Taqī al-Dīn Abū al-'Abbās Aḥmad ibn 'Alī ibn 'Abd al-Qādir ibn Muḥammad al-Maqrīzī, ; 1364–1442) was a medieval Egyptian historian and biographer during the Mamluk era, known for his interest in the Fatimid era, and the earlier periods of Egyptian history.Paul E. Walker, ''Exploring an Islamic Empire: Fatimid History and its Sources'' (London, I.B. Tauris, 2002), p. 164. The material for updating this article is taken from Walker's account of al-Maqrizi. He is recognized as the most influential historian of premodern Egypt. Life A direct student of Ibn Khaldun, al-Maqrīzī was born in Cairo to a family of Syrian origin that had recently relocated from Damascus. When he presents himself in his books he usually stops at the 10th forefather although he confessed to some of his close friends that he can trace his ancestry to al-Mu‘izz li-Dīn Allāh – first Fatimid caliph in Egypt and the founder of al-Qahirah – and even to Ali ibn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
