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ITU Radio Regulations
The ITU Radio Regulations (RR) is a basic document of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) that regulates on law of nations scale radiocommunication services and the utilisation of radio frequencies. It is the supplementation to the ITU Constitution and Convention and in line with the ITU International Telecommunication Regulations (ITR). The ITU RR comprise and regulate the part of the allocated electromagnetic spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum is the full range of electromagnetic radiation, organized by frequency or wavelength. The spectrum is divided into separate bands, with different names for the electromagnetic waves within each band. From low to high ... (also: radio frequency spectrum) from 9 kHz to 300 GHz. Structure The current approved version of the ITU Radio Regulations (addition 2012) is structured as follows: Volume 1 – Articles * CHAPTER I – Terminology and technical characteristics **Section I – General terms (article ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emblem Of The United Nations
The flag of the United Nations is a sky blue banner containing the United Nations' emblem in the centre. The emblem on the flag is coloured white; it is a depiction of the world map in the azimuthal equidistant projection (centred on the North Pole and the International Date Line), surrounded by a pair of olive branches, a Peace symbols, symbol of peace. The emblem was officially adopted on 7 December 1946, and the flag containing the emblem was officially adopted on 20 October 1947. Design The flag of the United Nations consists of the white emblem on the sky blue background. The emblem depicts a azimuthal equidistant projection of the world map, centred on the North Pole, with the globe being orientated to the International Date Line. The projection of the map extends to 60 degrees south latitude, and includes five concentric circles. The map is inscribed in a wreath consisting of crossed conventionalized Olive branch, branches of the olive tree. The size of the emblem on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emission (radiocommunications)
Emission is the radiation or radio signal produced or emitted by a radio transmitting station.ITU Radio Regulations Radio regulation refers to the regulation and licensing of radio in international law, by individual governments, and by municipalities. International regulation The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is a specialized agency of the Unit ..., Volume 1, Article 1, Provision No. 1.138; Edition of 2008 References Radio {{radio-comm-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Port Operations Service
290px, Ship station dedicated to ''port operation service''. Port operations service (short: POS; also: port operations radiocommunication service') is – according to ''Article 1.30'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR)ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.30, definition: ''maritime mobile service / maritime mobile radiocommunication service'' – defined as ''«A maritime mobile service in or near a port, between coast stations and ship stations, or between ship stations, in which messages are restricted to those relating to the operational handling, the movement and the safety of ships and, in emergency, to the safety of persons. Messages which are of a public correspondence nature shall be excluded from this service''.» ;See also: Classification The ITU Radio Regulations classifies this radiocommunication service as follows: Mobile-satellite service Mobile-satellite service (MSS, or mobile-s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maritime Mobile-satellite Service
Maritime mobile-satellite service (MMSS, or maritime mobile-satellite radiocommunication service) is – according to Article 1.29 of the International Telecommunication Union's Radio Regulations (RR) – "A mobile-satellite service in which mobile earth stations are located on board ships; survival craft stations and emergency position-indicating radiobeacon stations may also participate in this service", in addition to serving as navigation systems. Classification This radiocommunication service is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows: Mobile service * Maritime mobile service (article 1.28) **Maritime mobile-satellite service **Port operations service (article 1.30) **Ship movement service (article 1.31) Frequency allocation The allocation of radio frequencies is provided according to ''Article 5'' of the ITU Radio Regulations (edition 2012).''ITU Radio Regulations, CHAPTER II – Frequencies, ARTICLE 5 Frequency allocations, Section ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Land Mobile-satellite Service
Land mobile-satellite service (short: LMSS; also: Land mobile-satellite radiocommunication service') is – according to ''Article 1.27'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as ''«A mobile-satellite service in which mobile earth stations are located on land.»'' ;See also: Classification Variations of this radiocommunication service in line to the ITU Radio Regulations article 1 are as follows : Mobile service (article 1.24) *Mobile-satellite service Mobile-satellite service (MSS, or mobile-satellite radiocommunication service) is – according to Article 1.25 of the International Telecommunication Union's Radio Regulations – "A radiocommunication service * between mobile earth stations and ... (article 1.25) **Land mobile-satellite service (article 1.27) Frequency allocation The allocation of radio frequencies is provided according to ''Article 5'' of the ITU Radio Regulations (edition 2012).''ITU Radio Regulations, CH ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Land Mobile Service
Land mobile service (short: LMS) is – in line to ITU Radio Regulations – a Radiocommunication service, mobile service between base stations and land mobile stations, or between land mobile stations. In accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) variations of this ''radiocommunication service'' are classified as follows: Mobile service (article 1.24) *Land mobile service (article 1.26) **Land mobile-satellite service (article 1.27) Frequency allocation The allocation of radio frequencies is provided according to ''Article 5'' of the ITU Radio Regulations (edition 2012). In order to improve harmonisation in spectrum utilisation, the majority of service-allocations stipulated in this document were incorporated in national Tables of Frequency Allocations and Utilisations which is within the responsibility of the appropriate national administration. The allocation might be primary, secondary, exclusive, and shared. *primary allocation: is indicated by writing in capita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mobile-satellite Service
Mobile-satellite service (MSS, or mobile-satellite radiocommunication service) is – according to Article 1.25 of the International Telecommunication Union's Radio Regulations – "A radiocommunication service * between mobile earth stations and one or more space stations, or between space stations used by this service; or * between mobile earth stations by means of one or more space stations. This service may also include feeder links necessary for its operation." Details Most commercial voice and some data mobile satellite services are provided by systems operating in the L-band by Iridium, Inmarsat, Globalstar and Thuraya. The L-band spectrum allocated for MSS is between 1.5 and 2.5 GHz, with the upper portion often referred to as the S-band. Constellations of low earth orbiting (LEO) satellites are used by Iridium (66 satellites) and Globalstar (48 satellites). Inmarsat and Thuraya currently use 4 (i4) and 2 geostationary satellites respectively, their L-band services ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mobile Service
Mobile may refer to: Places * Mobile, Alabama, a U.S. port city * Mobile County, Alabama * Mobile, Arizona, a small town near Phoenix, U.S. * Mobile, Newfoundland and Labrador Arts, entertainment, and media Music Groups and labels * Mobile (band), a Canadian rock band * Mobiles (band), a 1980s British band Other uses in music * ''Mobile'' (album), a 1999 album by Brazilian Paulinho Moska * "Mobile" (song), a 2003 song by Avril Lavigne from ''Let Go'' * "Mobile", a song by Gentle Giant from the album '' Free Hand'' Other uses in arts, entertainment, and media * Mobile (sculpture), a kinetic sculpture constructed to take advantage of the principle of equilibrium * ''Mobile'' (TV series), a British ITV drama * "Mobile", a short story by J. G. Ballard, later renamed " Venus Smiles" * Mobile, a feature of the game ''GunBound'' * '' Mobile Magazine'', a publication on portable electronics Military and law enforcement * '' Garde Mobile'', historic French military unit * Mob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Space Operation Service
Space operation service (short: SOS; also: ''space operation radiocommunication service'') is – according to ''Article 1.23'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as ''A radiocommunication service concerned exclusively with the operation of spacecraft, in particular space tracking, space telemetry and space telecommand. These functions will normally be provided within the service in which the space station is operating.'' Frequency allocation The allocation of radio frequencies is provided according to ''Article 5'' of the ITU Radio Regulations (edition 2012).''ITU Radio Regulations, CHAPTER II – Frequencies, ARTICLE 5 Frequency allocations, Section IV – Table of Frequency Allocations'' In order to improve harmonisation in spectrum utilisation, the majority of service-allocations stipulated in this document were incorporated in national Tables of Frequency Allocations and Utilisations which is with-in the responsibility of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inter-satellite Service
Inter-satellite service, also known as inter-satellite radiocommunication service, as defined by ''Article 1.22'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR), is a radiocommunication service providing links between artificial satellites.ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.22, definition: ''inter-satellite service / inter-satellite radiocommunication service'' Classification In accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) variations of this ''radiocommunication service'' are classified as follows: * Fixed service (article 1.20) ** Fixed-satellite service (article 1.21) ** (article 1.22) ** Earth exploration-satellite service (article 1.51) *** Meteorological-satellite service (article 1.52) Satellites Inter-satellite radiocommunications satellites * U.S. Tracking and Data Relay Satellite * Artemis (satellite) * European Data Relay System * Indian Data Relay Satellite System * Luch (satellite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fixed-satellite Service
Fixed-satellite service (FSS, or fixed-satellite radiocommunication service) is – according to ''article 1.21'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as ''A radiocommunication service between earth stations at given positions, when one or more satellites are used; the given position may be a specified fixed point or any fixed point within specified areas; in some cases this service includes satellite-to-satellite links, which may also be operated in the inter-satellite service; the fixed-satellite service may also include feeder links for other space radiocommunication services.'' Classification This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows: Fixed service (article 1.20) * (article 1.21) * Inter-satellite service (article 1.22) * Earth exploration-satellite service (article 1.51) ** Meteorological-satellite service (article 1.52) ; Frequency allocation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fixed Service
Fixed wireless is the operation of wireless communication devices or systems used to connect two fixed locations (e.g., building to building or tower to building) with a radio or other wireless link, such as laser bridge. Usually, fixed wireless is part of a wireless LAN infrastructure. The purpose of a fixed wireless link is to enable data communications between the two sites or buildings. Fixed wireless data (FWD) links are often a cost-effective alternative to leasing fiber or installing cables between the buildings. The point-to-point signal transmissions occur through the air over a terrestrial microwave platform rather than through copper or optical fiber; therefore, fixed wireless does not require satellite feeds or local telephone service. The advantages of fixed wireless include the ability to connect with users in remote areas without the need for laying new cables and the capacity for broad bandwidth that is not impeded by fiber or cable capacities. Fixed wireless de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
