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Human Rights Abuses Of The Marcos Dictatorship
The dictatorship of 10th Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos in the 1970s and 1980s is historically remembered for its record of human rights abuses, particularly targeting political opponents, student activists, journalists, religious workers, farmers, and others who fought against his dictatorship. Based on the documentation of Amnesty International, Task Force Detainees of the Philippines, and similar human rights monitoring entities, historians believe that the Marcos dictatorship was marked by 3,257 known extrajudicial killings, 35,000 documented tortures, 737 ' disappeared', and 70,000 incarcerations. Some 2,520 of the 3,257 murder victims were tortured and mutilated before their bodies were dumped in various places for the public to discover - a tactic meant to sow fear among the public, which came to be known as "salvaging". Some victims were also subjected to cannibalism. Political detention The implementation of Martial Law in September 1972 began with a wave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ferdinand Marcos
Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos Sr. (September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was a Filipino lawyer, politician, dictator, and Kleptocracy, kleptocrat who served as the tenth president of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. He ruled the country under Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos, martial law from 1972 to 1981, granting himself expanded powers under the Constitution of the Philippines#The 1973 Constitution, 1973 Constitution. Marcos described his philosophy as "constitutional authoritarianism". He was deposed in 1986 by the People Power Revolution and was succeeded as president by Corazon Aquino. Marcos gained political success by exaggerating his actions in World War II, claiming to have been the "most decorated war hero in the Philippines". — United States Army documents described his claims as "fraudulent" and "absurd". After the war, he became a lawyer. He served in the Philippine House of Representatives from 1949 to 1959 and the Philippine Senate from 1959 to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ninoy Aquino International Airport
Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA ; ; ), also known as Manila International Airport (MIA), is the main international airport serving Metro Manila in the Philippines. Located between the cities of Pasay and Parañaque, about south of Manila, Manila proper and southwest of Makati, it is the main gateway for travelers to the Philippines and serves as a hub for PAL Express and Philippine Airlines. It is also the main operating base for AirSWIFT, Cebgo, Cebu Pacific, and Philippines AirAsia. Manila International Airport was officially renamed for former Philippine senator Ninoy Aquino, Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino Jr., who was Assassination of Ninoy Aquino, assassinated at the airport on August 21, 1983. NAIA is managed by the Manila International Airport Authority (MIAA), an agency of the Department of Transportation (Philippines), Department of Transportation (DOTr). It is currently operated by the New NAIA Infrastructure Corporation (NNIC), a subsidiary of San Miguel Corporat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Evelio Javier
Evelio Bellaflor Javier (October 31, 1942 – February 11, 1986) was a Filipino politician. He served as governor of the province of Antique and was an opponent of the dictatorship of President Ferdinand Marcos. His assassination on February 11, 1986, was one of the causes of the People Power Revolution that overthrew Marcos. Evelio Javier's brother, Exequiel Javier, served as congressman from 1987 to 1998 and from 2001 to 2010 and governor from 1998 to 2001, and 2010 to 2015. In 2018, Javier was identified as a Motu Propio human rights violations victim of the Martial Law Era by the Human Rights Victims Claims Board. Early life and marriage Evelio Bellaflor Javier was born on October 31, 1942, in Barangay Lanag (now Evelio Javier), Hamtic, Antique, to Everardo Autajay Javier (Moscoso), a prosecutor and Feliza Bellaflor, a teacher. He finished grade school in San Jose Elementary School in San Jose de Buenavista, Antique and graduated high school with first honors and college in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Samahang Demokratiko Ng Kabataan
The Samahang Demokratiko ng Kabataan (Association of Democratic Youth),ABINALES, Patricio Nunez. (2008) Fragments of History, Silhouettes of Resurgence : Student Radicalism in the Early Years of the Marcos Dictatorship. Southeast Asian Studies Vol. 46 No. 2. Pages: 175-199 DOI 10.20495/tak.46.2_175"A History of Philippine Political Protest." Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/edsa/the-ph-protest-appendix/ better known simply by its acronym, SDK,Quimpo, Susan F., Quimpo, Nathan Gilbert., and Vicente L. Rafael,. "Subversive Lives: A Family Memoir of the Marcos Years, Subversive Lives." Ohio University Press. was a mass organization of student and youth activists who pushed for the ideology of National Democracy in the Philippines during the Marcos dictatorship.Santos, Soliman M. Jr. and Santos, Paz Verdades M., (2008) "Militant but groovy: stories of Samahang Demokratiko ng Kabataan" Anvil Publishing. Initially established on Jan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
First Quarter Storm
The First Quarter Storm (), often shortened into the acronym FQS, was a period of civil unrest in the Philippines which took place during the "first quarter of the year 1970". It included a series of demonstrations, protests, and marches against the administration of President Ferdinand Marcos, mostly organized by students and supported by workers, peasants, and members of the urban poor, from January 26 to March 17, 1970. Protesters at these events raised issues related to social problems, authoritarianism, alleged election fraud, and corruption at the hand of Marcos. Violent dispersals of various FQS protests were among the first watershed events in which large numbers of Filipino students of the 1970s were radicalized against the Marcos administration. Due to these dispersals, many students who had previously held "moderate" positions (i.e., calling for legislative reforms) became convinced that they had no choice but to call for more radical social change. Similar watersh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
University Of The Philippines
The University of the Philippines (UP; ) is a Higher education in the Philippines#State universities and colleges, state university system in the Philippines. It is the country's national university, as mandated by List of Philippine laws, Republic Act No. 9500 (UP Charter of 2008), giving it institutional autonomy. Originally founded by the Insular Government, American occupational government on June 18, 1908, it was established through the ratification of Act No. 1870 of the 1st Philippine Legislature to serve as an "advanced instruction in literature, philosophy, the sciences and arts, and to give professional and technical training" to eligible students regardless of "age, sex, nationality, religious belief and political affiliation." The University of the Philippines system has 8 constituent universities (CUs) and 1 autonomous college: University of the Philippines Diliman, UP Diliman, which serves as the system's flagship university, University of the Philippines Los B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Antonio Hilario
The University of the Philippines Diliman College of Engineering is a degree-granting unit of the University of the Philippines Diliman specializing in Chemical engineering, chemical, Civil engineering, civil, Computer engineering, computer, Electrical engineering, electrical, Electronic engineering, electronic, Geodesy, geodetic, Industrial engineering, industrial, Materials science, materials, Mechanical engineering, mechanical, Metallurgy, metallurgical, and Mining engineering, mining engineering. It is the largest degree-granting unit in the UP System in terms of student population and is also known formally as ''UP COE'', ''COE'', and informally as ''Engg'' (pronounced ''"eng"''). The college of Engineering is composed of eight departments, three of which are housed in the historic Alejandro Melchor, Melchor Hall along Osmeña Avenue in the U.P. Diliman campus. These are the Department of Mechanical Engineering (DME), the Department of Geodetic Engineering (DGE), and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Liliosa Hilao
Liliosa Rapi Hilao ( – ) was a Filipina student journalist and activist who was killed while under government detention during Martial Law in the Philippines, and is remembered as the first prisoner to die in detention during martial law in the Philippines. She was a student of Communication Arts at the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila. Personal life Liliosa Hilao was born on March 14, 1950. She was the seventh of nine children and had seven sisters and one brother. Hilao was a consistent honor student in elementary and high school. Extracurricular activities Hilao was an editor in her university's paper ''Hasik''. She was the student president of the communication arts department. She was also a representative to PLM's student central government. Among other things, she was a secretary of the Women's Club of Pamantasan. She was also a member of the College Editors Guild of the Philippines. She also formed the Communication Arts Club in her university. Hilao was known to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Pambujan, Northern Samar
Pambujan, officially the Municipality of Pambujan (; ), is a municipality in the province of Northern Samar, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 35,532 people. Geography Pambujan has a contiguous territory of , which extends into the hinterlands of Northern Samar across a number of rivers, lakes, brooks and mountains. The most notable of these physical features is Mount Cagbigajo, which once served as an observation and listening post of the Allied Intelligence Bureau Operative (1934–44) during World War II. Pambujan town is then situated in what is now Barangay Ginulgan. Back then, the town consisted of 22 barrios covering an area of 670 square kilometers which stretched out to more than 402 kilometers span towards its western border (Samar Province). It is also the northernmost settlement in the entire Samar Island. Pambujan River is the longest river in Samar island with a total length of . Barangays Pambujan is politically subdivided i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Tullio Favali
Tullio Favali (December 10, 1946 April 11, 1985) was an Italian priest who ministered in Zamboanga, North Cotabato and Metro Manila in the Philippines. He was the first foreign missionary to be murdered by paramilitary forces during Martial Law, provoking public outcry from the Vatican and Italian government. His death caused international attention to human rights violations and abuses to paramilitary forces during the Marcos dictatorship. Missions work Favali was a member of the Pontifical Institute for Foreign Missions (PIME), an all-male international group of priests who are dedicated to evangelization in underdeveloped and non-Christian nations. Favali was assigned to do missions work in the Philippines, particularly in provinces in Mindanao. He arrived in the Philippines in 1983, and was ordained as the parish priest of La Esperanza in Tulunan, North Cotabato. He studied the Ilonggo language, which is the language spoken in many places in Mindanao. Death Many parts o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Juan Escandor
Juan B. Escandor (November 14, 1941 - March 31, 1983), also known as Johnny, was a Filipino cancer specialist, radiologist, and later a rural doctor. During the period of Martial Law in the Philippines, Escandor went underground and joined the New People's Army. Known for his social work, his torture and death at the hands of METROCOM forces remain one of the most prominent examples of human rights abuses of the Marcos dictatorship. Life and career Escandor was born in Gubat, Sorsogon and studied at Gubat National High School before taking up medicine at the University of the Philippines College of Medicine. He graduated in 1969 and began specializing in cancer treatment, eventually becoming the Chief Resident of the Department of Radiology at the Philippine General Hospital. In 1971, Escandor received a Colombo Plan scholarship and was sent to Japan to join the Third Seminar on Early Gastric Cancer Detection. By 1972, Escandor was consultant in the PGH's Department of Radiology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Bontocs
The Bontoc (or Bontok) ethnolinguistic group can be found in the central and eastern portions of Mountain Province, on the island of Luzon in the Philippines. Although some Bontocs of Natonin and Paracelis identify themselves as Balangaos, Gaddangs or Kalingas, the term "Bontoc" is used by linguists and anthropologists to distinguish speakers of the Bontoc language from neighboring ethnolinguistic groups. They formerly practiced head-hunting and had distinctive body tattoos. Geography The Bontoc live in a mountainous territory, particularly close to the Chico River and its tributaries. Mineral resources (gold, copper, limestone, gypsum) can be found in the mountain areas. Gold, in particular, has been traditionally extracted from the Bontoc municipality. The Chico River provides sand, gravel, and white clay, while the forests of Barlig and Sadanga within the area have rattan, bamboo and pine trees. They are the second largest group in the Mountain Province. Social organizati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
