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Huarochirí Manuscript
The Huarochirí manuscript (in modern Quechua spelling: ''Waruchiri'') is a text in Classical Quechua from the late 16th century, describing myths, religious notions and traditions of the Indians of Huarochirí Province. The main roles in the myth are played by mountain deities ''(Huacas)'', including the rivals '' Paryaqaqa'' and '' Wallallu Qarwinchu'', who also act as protectors of regional ethnicities (Huarochirí, Huanca). This text is an important monument of early colonial Quechua literature, because it is unique in its detailed description of the traditional beliefs of the indigenous Andean population of the former Inca Empire. It has been described as 'the closest thing to an Andean bible'. Author, purpose, and rediscovery The name of the original Indigenous author is unknown, but the document was recorded and annotated by the Cuzco-born cleric Francisco de Ávila, who was responsible for the eradication of pagan beliefs.Frank Salomon, George L. Urioste, 1991. Huarochir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Classical Quechua
Classical Quechua is either of two historical forms of Quechua, the exact relationship and degree of closeness between which is controversial, and which have sometimes been identified with each other. These are: # the variety of Quechua that was used as a lingua franca and administrative language in the Inca Empire (1438–1533)Snow, Charles T., Louisa Rowell Stark. 1971. Ancash Quechua: A Pedagogical Grammar. P.V 'The Quechua language is generally associated with the "classical" Quechua of the Cuzco area, which was used as a lingua franca through Peru and Bolivia with the spread of the Inca Empire' (henceforward Inca lingua franca). Since the Incas didn't have writing, the evidence about the characteristics of this variety is scant and they have been a subject of significant disagreements. # the variety of Quechua that was used in writing for religious and administrative purposes in the Andean territories of the Spanish Empire, mostly in the late 16th century and the first half ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andén
An andén (plural andenes), Spanish for "platform", is a stair-step like terrace dug into the slope of a hillside for agricultural purposes. The term is most often used to refer to the terraces built by pre-Columbian cultures in the Andes mountains of South America. Andenes had several functions, the most important of which was to increase the amount of cultivatable land available to farmers by leveling a planting area for crops. The best known andenes are in Peru, especially in the Sacred Valley near the Inca capital of Cuzco and in the Colca Canyon. Many andenes have survived for more than 500 years and are still in use by farmers throughout the region. The benefits of andenes include utilizing steep slopes for agriculture, reducing the threat of freezes, increasing exposure to sunshine, controlling erosion, improving absorption of water, and aerating the soil. The construction and use of andenes for crops enabled agriculture in the Andes to expand into climatically marginal a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George And Joanne Urioste
Joanne Urioste (born c. 1952) and George Urioste (born c. 1937) are American rock climbers, who made over a hundred first ascents, in Red Rock Canyon. George Urioste, also known as Jorge Urioste, was born in Chile, to a Bolivian father, and holds citizenship in both countries. Jorge became a Jesuit priest, and moved to the United States to study at Cornell University. There he met and started climbing with Joanne. Joanne grew up in Brooklyn and worked on her bachelor's degree in life science at Cornell, while George was working on his PhD. In 1974, having just finished their studies, they married and moved to Las Vegas,History chapter/ref> where George began teaching anthropology and linguistics at University of Nevada, Las Vegas. In the next decade, they established over a hundred new routes, many of which, such as ''Crimson Chrysalis'', ''Epinephrine'', ''Dream of Wild Turkeys'' and ''Levitation 29'' are now some of Red Rock's most famous and popular climbs. The popularity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank Salomon
Frank or Franks may refer to: People * Frank (given name) * Frank (surname) * Franks (surname) * Franks, a medieval Germanic people * Frank, a term in the Muslim world for all western Europeans, particularly during the Crusades - see Farang Currency * Liechtenstein franc or frank, the currency of Liechtenstein since 1920 * Swiss franc or frank, the currency of Switzerland since 1850 * Westphalian frank, currency of the Kingdom of Westphalia between 1808 and 1813 * The currencies of the German-speaking cantons of Switzerland (1803–1814): ** Appenzell frank ** Argovia frank ** Basel frank ** Berne frank ** Fribourg frank ** Glarus frank ** Graubünden frank ** Luzern frank ** Schaffhausen frank ** Schwyz frank ** Solothurn frank ** St. Gallen frank ** Thurgau frank ** Unterwalden frank ** Uri frank ** Zürich frank Places * Frank, Alberta, Canada, an urban community, formerly a village * Franks, Illinois, United States, an unincorporated community * Franks, Missouri, United Sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gérald Taylor
Gérald is a French male given name, a variant of the old Géraud and more common Gérard, both equivalent to Gerald in English. People with the name include: * Gérald Mossé * Gérald de Palmas * Gérald Leblanc Less frequently the French name also occurs as the English name, without the accent: * Gerald Messadié, Egypt-born French writer It is also occasionally a French surname, as in: * Jim Gérald Jim Gérald (4 July 1889 – 2 July 1958) was a French actor. Gérald was born Gérald Ernest Cuénod in Paris. He died in Paris in 1958. Selected filmography * ''La légende de soeur Béatrix'' (1923) - Un soudard * '' The Imaginary Voyage ... (1889–1958), French actor {{DEFAULTSORT:Gerald French-language surnames French masculine given names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moche Culture
The Moche civilization (; alternatively, the Mochica culture or the Early, Pre- or Proto- Chimú) flourished in northern Peru with its capital near present-day Moche, Trujillo, Peru from about 100 to 700 AD during the Regional Development Epoch. While this issue is the subject of some debate, many scholars contend that the Moche were not politically organized as a monolithic empire or state. Rather, they were likely a group of autonomous polities that shared a common culture, as seen in the rich iconography and monumental architecture that survives today. Background Moche society was agriculturally based, with a significant level of investment in the construction of a sophisticated network of irrigation canals for the diversion of river water to supply their crops. Their artifacts express their lives, with detailed scenes of hunting, fishing, fighting, sacrifice, sexual encounters, and elaborate ceremonies. The Moche are particularly noted for their elaborately painted ceram ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batan (stone)
The batán is a kitchen utensil used to process different kinds of foods in South American, Andean and Indian cuisine. It has a flat stone (the ''batán'' proper) and a grinding stone called an ''uña''. The uña is held in both hands and rocked over the food in the batán. Depending on the process wished, the uña's weight is slightly held back, let loose over, or pressed on. The rocking movements also vary depending on the procedure. The grinding is done dry or with water or oil. South America The batán has been used since before the arrival of Spaniards in South America. In Andean households many different dishes are prepared in this manner, in rural and urban areas. The most important use it has is for preparing llajwa. For many Bolivians, Peruvians, Ecuadoreans and Colombians it is not the same when done in a blender. It is also used to husk grains, wash quinoa from its alkaloid (saponin), grind grains, crush papalisa and even to prepare small quantities of flour. Indi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sechuran Fox
The Sechuran fox (''Lycalopex sechurae''), also called the Peruvian desert fox or the Sechuran zorro, is a small South American species of canid closely related to other South American "false" foxes or zorro. It gets its name for being found in the Sechura Desert in northwestern Peru. It is one of ten extant species of canid endemic to South America. This fox inhabits a narrow region west of the Andes Mountains running along the coastline of Peru and southern Ecuador. More specifically, in dry areas such as savannah-like deserts, cliff-sides, along the western side of the Andes mountains, and beaches. The Sechuran Fox is known by the common names Sechura desert fox and Peruvian desert fox. The etymology of its scientific name comes from the Greek "lycos" meaning "wolf," and "alopex" meaning "fox". Before it was classified under ''Lycalopex'', the Sechuran fox was classed under the ''Dusicyon'' genus established by Oldfield Thomas in 1914, and was later moved to the ''Pseudalopex' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choclo
Choclo, also referred to as Peruvian corn or Cuzco corn (after Cuzco, the capital city of the Inca empire), is a large-kernel variety of field corn from the Andes. It is consumed in parts of Central America and South America, especially in Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Colombia. Choclo can be eaten raw when the ears are young, or cooked when the ears are more mature. It has a more mild flavor compared to other varieties of field corn, and is better suited for human consumption. When compared to sweet corn, the kernels are larger and chewier and have a starchy, hefty texture, rather than a sweet taste. The taste and appearance are somewhat similar to hominy. Choclo is used in the making of humitas in Bolivia, choclo arepas in Colombia and for pastel de choclo. Peruvian corn is often white in color. The word ''choclo'' derives from the Quechua word ''choccllo'' and has since taken on a broader context within the Spanish language, often being used to refer to cobs of corn in general ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crucifixion Darkness
The crucifixion darkness is an episode in three of the canonical gospels in which the sky becomes dark in daytime during the crucifixion of Jesus for roughly three hours. Most ancient and medieval Christian writers treated this as a miracle, and believed it to be one of the few episodes from the New Testament which were confirmed by non-Christian sources; modern scholars, however, have found no contemporary references to it outside the New Testament. In his ''Apologeticus'', Christian apologist Tertullian in AD 197 considered this not an eclipse but an omen, which he claimed was recorded in Roman archives. In his apologetic work ''Contra Celsum'', the third-century Christian scholar Origen offered two natural explanations for the darkness: that it might have been the eclipse described by Phlegon of Tralles in his ''Chronicle'' or that it might have been clouds. In his ''Chronicle of Theophanes'' the fifth-century chronicler George Syncellus quotes the ''History of the World'' of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noah's Ark
Noah's Ark ( he, תיבת נח; Biblical Hebrew: ''Tevat Noaḥ'')The word "ark" in modern English comes from Old English ''aerca'', meaning a chest or box. (See Cresswell 2010, p.22) The Hebrew word for the vessel, ''teva'', occurs twice in the Torah, in the flood narrative (Book of Genesis 6-9) and in the Book of Exodus, where it refers to the basket in which Jochebed places the infant Moses. (The word for the Ark of the Covenant is quite different.) The Ark is built to save Noah, his family, and representatives of all animals from a divinely-sent flood intended to wipe out all life, and in both cases, the ''teva'' has a connection with salvation from waters. (See Levenson 2014, p.21) is the vessel in the Genesis flood narrative through which God spares Noah, his family, and examples of all the world's animals from a global deluge. The story in Genesis is repeated, with variations, in the Quran, where the Ark appears as ''Safinat Nūḥ'' ( ar, سَفِينَةُ نُو ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
