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Horní Maršov
Horní Maršov () is a municipality and village in Trutnov District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants. It lies in the Giant Mountains. Administrative division Horní Maršov consists of six municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Horní Maršov (736) *Dolní Albeřice (26) *Dolní Lysečiny (39) *Horní Albeřice (4) *Horní Lysečiny (4) *Temný Důl (117) Etymology Both the Czech name Maršov and the German name Marschendorf means "Marš's/Marsch's village". The attribute ''horní'' means 'upper'. Geography Horní Maršov is located about northwest of Trutnov and north of Hradec Králové, on the border with Poland. It lies in the Giant Mountains. The highest point is at above sea level. Most of the municipal territory lies in the Krkonoše National Park. The Úpa River flows through the municipality. History The first written mention of Maršov is from 1541. A wooden church in Maršov was fir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obec
(, ; plural ) is the Czech and Slovak word for a municipality (in the Czech Republic, in Slovakia and abroad). The literal meaning of the word is " commune" or " community". It is the smallest administrative unit that is governed by elected representatives. Cities and towns are also municipalities. Definition The legal definition (according to the Czech code of law with similar definition in the Slovak code of law) is: ''"The municipality is a basic territorial self-governing community of citizens; it forms a territorial unit, which is defined by the boundary of the municipality."'' Every municipality is composed of one or more cadastral areas. Every municipality is also composed of one or more municipal parts (), which are usually town quarters or villages. A municipality can have its own flag and coat of arms. Czech Republic Almost the entire area of the Czech Republic is divided into municipalities, with the only exception being military training areas. The smaller mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krkonoše National Park
Krkonoše National Park (, abbreviated as KRNAP) is a Protected Areas of the Czech Republic#National Park, national park in the Liberec Region, Liberec and Hradec Králové Region, Hradec Králové regions of the Czech Republic. It covers most of the Giant Mountains, which is the highest range of the country. The park has also been listed as a Krkonoše/Karkonosze Transboundary Biosphere Reserve, UNESCO Biosphere Reserve site. It borders Karkonosze National Park in Poland. Krkonoše's highest mountain is Sněžka at , which is also the highest mountain of the entire the Czech Republic. The National Park management headquarters are located in the town of Vrchlabí, often called the Gateway to the Giant Mountains. The area of the national park is . The protection zone of the park covers . History The first steps towards nature conservation in the Giant Mountains were taken as early as 1952, when state nature reserves were declared, including Kotelní jámy, Pančavská louka an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baroque Architecture
Baroque architecture is a highly decorative and theatrical style which appeared in Italy in the late 16th century and gradually spread across Europe. It was originally introduced by the Catholic Church, particularly by the Jesuits, as a means to combat the Reformation and the Protestantism, Protestant church with a new architecture that inspired surprise and awe. It reached its peak in the High Baroque (1625–1675), when it was used in churches and palaces in Italy, Spain, Portugal, France, Bavaria and Austria. In the Late Baroque period (1675–1750), it reached as far as Russia, the Ottoman Baroque architecture, Ottoman Empire and the Spanish colonization of the Americas, Spanish and Portuguese colonization of the Americas, Portuguese colonies in Latin America. In about 1730, an even more elaborately decorative variant called Rococo appeared and flourished in Central Europe. Baroque architects took the basic elements of Renaissance architecture, including domes and colonnades, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josef Schulz (architect)
Josef Schulz (11 April 1840 – 15 July 1917) was a Czech architect, designer, teacher and restorer. Life and work Schulz was born on 11 April 1840 in Prague. His father, Jan Schulz, was a wealthy merchant, originally from Hrdlív. He began studying architecture at Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague Polytechnic (1857–1861), then transferred to the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna, where he worked in the studios of Eduard van der Nüll and August Sicard von Sicardsburg; graduating in 1865. He also served as an assistant to the architect, Josef Zítek, from 1864 to 1868. He completed his studies with a two-year trip to Italy, from 1868 to 1870. After returning to Prague in 1871, he worked as an independent architect and invested in real estate; becoming the co-owner of several homes. His own home was in Old Town (Prague), Old Town. He was completely devoted to his work and kept his widowed sister, Antonia, as his housekeeper. In 1874, he began teaching at the Vocation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Prisoner-of-war Camps In World War II
Nazi Germany operated around 1,000 prisoner-of-war camps () during World War II (1939-1945). The most common types of camps were Oflag, Oflags ("Officer camp") and Stalag, Stalags ("Base camp" – for enlisted personnel POW camps), although other less common types existed as well. Legal background German Reich, Germany signed the Third Geneva Convention of 1929, which established norms relating to the treatment of prisoners of war. * Article 10 required PoWs be lodged in adequately heated and lighted buildings where conditions were the same as for German troops. * Articles 27-32 detailed the conditions of labour. Enlisted ranks were required to perform whatever labour they were asked if able to do, so long as it was not dangerous and did not support the German war-effort. Senior non-commissioned officers (sergeants and above) were required to work only in a supervisory role. Commissioned officers were not required to work, although they could volunteer. The work performed was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stalag VIII-B
Stalag VIII-B was most recently a German Army (Wehrmacht), German Army administered prisoner-of-war camp#Military District VIII (Breslau), POW camp during World War II, later renumbered Stalag-344, located near the village of Lamsdorf (now Łambinowice) in Silesia. The camp contained barracks built to house British and French World War I POWs. The site had housed POWs of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71. Timeline In the 1860s, the Prussian Army established a training area for artillery at a wooded area near Lamsdorf, a small village connected by rail to Opole and Nysa, Poland, Nysa. During the Franco-Prussian War, a camp for about 3,000 French POWs was established here. During the First World War, a much larger POW camp was established here with some 90,000 soldiers of various nationalities interned here. After the Treaty of Versailles, the camp was decommissioned. It was recommissioned in 1939 to house Poland, Polish prisoners from the German invasion of Poland, which started W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forced Labour Under German Rule During World War II
The use of Slavery, slave and forced labour in Nazi Germany () and throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II took place on an unprecedented scale. It was a vital part of the Economics of fascism#Political economy of Nazi Germany, German economic exploitation of conquered territories. It also contributed to the mass extermination of populations in occupied Europe. The Germans abducted approximately 12million people from almost twenty European countries; about two thirds came from Central Europe and Eastern Europe.Part1 an Part 2 . Many workers died as a result ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Occupation Of Czechoslovakia
German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also German nationality law **Germanic peoples (Roman era) * German diaspora * German language * German cuisine, traditional foods of Germany People * German (given name) * German (surname) * Germán, a Spanish name Places * German (parish), Isle of Man * German, Albania, or Gërmej * German, Bulgaria * German, Iran * German, North Macedonia * German, New York, U.S. * Agios Germanos, Greece Other uses * German (mythology), a South Slavic mythological being * Germans (band), a Canadian rock band * "German" (song), a 2019 song by No Money Enterprise * ''The German'', a 2008 short film * "The Germans", an episode of ''Fawlty Towers'' * ''The German'', a nickname for Congolese rebel André Kisase Ngandu See also * Germanic (di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Svoboda Nad Úpou
Svoboda nad Úpou () is a town in Trutnov District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,000 inhabitants. It lies in the Giant Mountains in the valley of the Úpa River. Etymology Both the Czech name Svoboda and the German name Freiheit literally means 'freedom'. The name refers to the "freedom to mine" (the privilege of a mining town). Geography Svoboda nad Úpou is located about northwest of Trutnov and north of Hradec Králové. It lies in the Giant Mountains. The highest point is at above sea level. The town is situated in the valley of the Úpa River. History Based on the chronicle of Simon Hüttel, Svoboda nad Úpou was founded in 1009; the date is however unsubstantiated. The first written trustworthy mention of Svoboda nad Úpou is from 1546, when the settlement was granted the status of market town by Emperor Ferdinand I, receiving all the privileges of a mining town. In 1580, Svoboda nad Úpou was promoted to a town by Emperor Rudolf I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Úpa
The Úpa () is a river in the Czech Republic, a left tributary of the Elbe River. It flows through the Hradec Králové Region. It is long. Etymology The name is of the Illyrian language, Illyrian or Celtic languages, Celtic origin, from the word that meant 'river'. Characteristic The Úpa originates in the territory of Pec pod Sněžkou in the Giant Mountains at an elevation of , on the slope of the Studniční hora mountain. It has the highest source of all Czech rivers. flows to Jaroměř, where it enters the Elbe River at an elevation of . It is long. Its drainage basin has an area of , of which in the Czech Republic and rest in Poland. The upper course is characterized by a large drop and a rocky river bed. Its tributaries are mainly small mountain streams. The longest tributaries of the Úpa are: Settlements The most notable settlement on the river is the town of Trutnov. The river flows through the municipal territories of Pec pod Sněžkou, Horní Maršov, Svoboda n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
