Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–1860)
{{Spanish-Moroccan conflicts Spanish-Moroccan conflicts (since 1492): *Conquest of Melilla (1497) * Spanish expedition to Tlemcen (1543) * Capture of La Mámora (1614) * Siege of Mamora (1681) * Siege of Larache (1689) * Siege of Asilah (1690–1691) * Siege of Oran (1693) * Siege of Melilla (1694–1696) * Siege of Melilla (1774–1775) * Hispano-Moroccan War (1790–1791) * Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–1860) *First Melillan campaign (1893–1894) *Second Melillan campaign (1909–1910) *Kert campaign (1911–1912) *Rif War (1920–1927) *Ifni War The Ifni War, sometimes called the Forgotten War (''la Guerra Olvidada'') in Spain, was a series of armed incursions into Spanish West Africa by Morocco, Moroccan insurgents that began in November 1957 and culminated with the abortive siege ... (1957–1958) Spanish_colonial_wars_in_Morocco Military history of Spain Morocco–Spain relations ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Conquest Of Melilla
The Conquest of Melilla occurred on the 17th of September 1497, when a fleet sent by the Duke of Medina Sidonia occupied the north African city of Melilla. After the conquest of Granada by Spain and the fall of the Emirate of Granada the Mediterranean coast of the Sultanate of Fez became very unsettled, often raided by Barbary pirates or pirates from Cádiz. Melilla and other cities fell in decadence, unlike cities on the Atlantic coast with most of the economic activity. Also, the port, fortress and walls of Melilla had been destroyed in disputes between the rulers of Fez and Tlemcen. The Catholic monarchs saw Melilla as a way to expand along the African Mediterranean coast to secure Aragonese, Castilian and Genoese sea trade. However, by the end of the Granada War, Melilla was in the Portuguese zone of influence under the terms of the 1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas. After the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas the crown of Castile attempted to conquer of Melilla but still nee ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–60)
{{Spanish-Moroccan conflicts Spanish-Moroccan conflicts (since 1492): *Conquest of Melilla (1497) *Spanish expedition to Tlemcen (1543), Spanish expedition to Tlemcen (1543) *Capture of La Mámora (1614) *Siege of Mamora (1681), Siege of Mamora (1681) *Siege of Larache (1689), Siege of Larache (1689) *Siege of Asilah (1690–1691), Siege of Asilah (1690–1691) *Siege of Oran (1693), Siege of Oran (1693) *Siege of Melilla (1694–1696), Siege of Melilla (1694–1696) *Siege of Melilla (1774–1775), Siege of Melilla (1774–1775) *Siege of Ceuta (1790–1791), Hispano-Moroccan War (1790–1791) *Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–60), Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–1860) *First Melillan campaign (1893–1894) *Second Melillan campaign (1909–1910) *Kert campaign (1911–1912) *Rif War (1920–1927) *Ifni War (1957–1958) Military history of Morocco, Spanish_colonial_wars_in_Morocco Military history of Spain Morocco–Spain relations ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Military History Of Morocco
The military history of Morocco covers a vast time period and complex events. It interacts with multiple military events in a vast area containing North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula. The Roman conquests Just after defeating the Phoenicians and destructing the city of Carthage in nowadays Tunisia during the Punic Wars, the Roman armies took possession of Mauretania and divided it into two provinces. In the west, Mauritania Tingitana was developed by the creation of roads, agricultural innovations and trade expansions. In the mountainous areas, the Berber tribes resisted to the Roman invasions. The Roman influence will be preserved in the south until 285 AD. As of the end of 4th century AD, under the reign of the Roman emperor Diocletian, the Romans maintained nothing but one thin presence on the coast, around Tangier. They remained in the north until 429 AD; date of the passage of the Vandals in this part of Mauretania Tingitana. In 533 AD, the Byzantine fleets and then the ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Ifni War
The Ifni War, sometimes called the Forgotten War (''la Guerra Olvidada'') in Spain, was a series of armed incursions into Spanish West Africa by Morocco, Moroccan insurgents that began in November 1957 and culminated with the abortive siege of Sidi Ifni. The city of Sidi Ifni had been ceded to the Spanish Empire in 1860 at the end of the Hispano–Moroccan War (1859–1860), Hispano-Moroccan War. After Morocco achieved independence in 1956, it sought to claim Spain's remaining possessions in West Africa. Violent demonstrations against Spanish rule broke out in Ifni in April 1957, and in October Moroccan militias began converging near the territory. Moroccan forces attacked in November, forcing the Spanish to abandon most of the territory and retreat to a defensive perimeter around Ifni. Supplied by the Spanish Navy from the sea, the Spanish garrison was able to resist the siege, which lasted into June 1958. In Spanish Sahara, Moroccan units, now reorganised as the Moroccan Ar ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Rif War
The Rif War (, , ) was an armed conflict fought from 1921 to 1926 between Spain (joined by France in 1924) and the Berber tribes of the mountainous Rif region of northern Morocco. Led by Abd el-Krim, the Riffians at first inflicted several defeats on the Spanish forces by using guerrilla tactics and with the help of captured European weapons. After France's military intervention against Abd el-Krim's forces and the major landing of Spanish troops at Al Hoceima, considered the first amphibious landing in history to involve the use of tanks and aircraft, Abd el-Krim surrendered to the French and was taken into exile. In July 1909, Spanish workers constructing a rail-bridge providing access to iron mines near Melilla were attacked by Riffian tribesmen. This incident led to the summoning of reinforcements from Spain itself. A series of skirmishes over the following weeks cost the Spanish over a thousand casualties. By September, the Spanish Army had 40,000 troops in northern ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Kert Campaign
The Kert campaign () was a conflict in northern Morocco between Spain and insurgent Riffian '' harkas'' led by Mohammed Ameziane, who had called for a ''jihad'' against the Spanish occupation in the eastern Rif. It took place between 1911 and 1912. History The campaign saw the introduction of the ''tropas regulares indígenas'' ("native regular troops"), created by Dámaso Berenguer on 30 June 1911. The campaign followed a revolt initiated by Mohammed Ameziane, caïd of Segangan, who had called for a ''jihad'' and had attacked both Spanish and tribes friendly to them. After an attack on a group of Spanish military personnel undertaking topographic works at a position near Ishafen (near the river Kert) the Spanish campaign formally started on 24 August. A Spanish column had been however already shot on 30 June. Following a visit to Melilla Melilla (, ; ) is an autonomous city of Spain on the North African coast. It lies on the eastern side of the Cape Three Forks, ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Second Melillan Campaign
The Second Melillan campaign ( ) was a conflict in 1909 in northern Morocco around Melilla. The fighting involved local Riffians and the Spanish Army. Historical background The Treaty of Peace with Morocco that followed the 1859–60 War entailed the acquisition of a new city perimeter for Melilla, bringing its area to its current 12 km2. Following the declaration of Melilla as a free port in 1863, the population began to increase, chiefly with Sephardic Jews fleeing from Tetouan who fostered trade in and out the city. The new 1894 agreement with Morocco that followed the 1893 Margallo War between Spaniards and Riffian tribesmen increased trade with the hinterland, bringing the economic prosperity of the city to a new level. However, the turn of the new century saw the attempts by France (based in French Algeria) to profit from its newly acquired sphere of influence in Morocco to counter the trading prowess of Melilla by fostering trade links with the Algerian citie ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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First Melillan Campaign
The First Melillan Campaign, also called the Melilla War or the Margallo War (after Juan García y Margallo, the Spanish governor of Melilla whose defeat and death infuriated the Spanish public) in Spain, was a conflict between Spain and the Riffian tribes of northeastern Morocco, and later the Sultan of Morocco, that began in October 1893, was openly declared November 9, 1893, and was resolved by the Treaty of Fez in 1894. Historical situation The Crown of Castile captured the citadel of Melilla in 1497. In the 19th century Spain moved into the outlying territories and began investing in their economic development. Treaties with Morocco in 1859, 1860, and 1861 consolidated Spain's growing interests. Although Spain enjoyed the compliance of the Moroccan government, tensions flared between Spanish Army patrols and the local Riffian tribes that were hostile to Spain, and over whom the Sultan had practically no control. Riffian raiding and piracy was widely reported in th ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Siege Of Ceuta (1790–1791)
The siege of Ceuta (1790–1791) was an armed confrontation between the Kingdom of Spain and the Sultanate of Morocco during the Spanish-Moroccan War of 1790–1791. The siege of this city was the central episode of this conflict. Siege On September 25, the Moroccan army began to bombard the city. Since a sea attack was impossible, the bombardment's objective was to open a breach somewhere in the walls of the city and penetrate through it. The besiegers established their headquarters in the city's seraglio and installed 14 batteries. However, from the start the bombardment was not continuous since there were ongoing peace negotiations between the two countries. During the siege, Spanish forces relocated towards Ceuta to reinforce the situation there. Most of these regiments arrived in 1791 between a ceasefire and return to hostilities. The naval forces were also present in Ceuta, providing continuous communication between Ceuta and Peninsular Spain; the gunboats invented by ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Spanish Expedition To Tlemcen (1543)
The Spanish expedition to Tlemcen, also known as Tlemcen War was led by Count Alcaudete between 27 January and 8 March 1543 with the aim of overthrowing the Zayyanid king and replacing him with . The expedition was successful and Abu Abdallah was restored to the throne as a Spanish vassal. Background , the king of Tlemcen, died in 1540 and left two sons: and . The first was the eldest and the Legitimacy (family law), legitimate heir and was proclaimed sultan as Abu Abdallah VI. However, the second, who had the support of the Ottoman Empire, Ottomans, the marabouts and several sheikhs, did not hesitate to defend his claims with arms and in a short time overthrew Abu Abdallah VI and took his place as Abu Zayyan III. The deposed sultan fled to Spanish Oran where he was well received by the governor Martín Alonso Fernández de Córdoba Montemayor y Velasco, conde de Alcaudete, Martín Alonso Fernández de Córdoba, also known as Count Alcaudete. The governor of Oran promised to rest ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Siege Of Melilla (1774–1775)
The siege of Melilla was an attempt by the Sultanate of Morocco, supported by Great Britain and Algerian mercenaries, to capture the Spanish fortress of Melilla on the Moroccan Mediterranean coast. Mohammed ben Abdallah, then Sultan of Morocco, invaded Melilla in December 1774 with a large army of Royal Moroccan soldiers and Algerian mercenaries. The city was defended by a small garrison under Irish-born Governor Don Juan Sherlocke until the siege was lifted by a relief fleet in March 1775. Background In 1773, the Sultan Mohammed III sent the artillery commander Sidi Tahar Fenis as ambassador to Great Britain to acquire military equipment. On September 19, 1774, he sent a letter to Charles III with this matter, saying that peace between them could only be by sea. Therefore, Charles III declared war on the sultanate on 23 October 1774. Then the governor of Melilla was José Carrión de Andrade. In the city, there was a scarce garrison, which consisted of the fixed regiment ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Siege Of Melilla (1694–1696)
A siege () . is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or by well-prepared assault. Siege warfare (also called siegecrafts or poliorcetics) is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static, defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is common, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy. A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a quick assault, and which refuses to surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target to block provision of supplies and reinforcement or escape of troops (a tactic known as "investment"). This is typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (also known as sapping), or the use of deception or treachery to bypass defenses. Failing a military outcome, sieges can often be deci ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |