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Henry Of Trastámara
Henry II (13 January 1334 – 29 May 1379), called Henry of Trastámara or the Fratricidal (''el Fratricida''), was the first King of Castile and León from the House of Trastámara. He became king in 1369 by defeating his half-brother Peter the Cruel, after numerous rebellions and battles. As king he was involved in the Fernandine Wars and the Hundred Years' War. Biography Henry was the fourth of ten illegitimate children of King Alfonso XI of Castile and Eleanor de Guzmán, a great-granddaughter of Alfonso IX of León. He was born a twin to Fadrique Alfonso, Lord of Haro, and was the first boy born to the couple that survived to adulthood. At birth, he was adopted by Rodrigo Álvarez de las Asturias. Rodrigo died the following year and Henry inherited his lordship of Noreña. His father later made him Count of Trastámara and lord over Lemos and Sarria in Galicia, and the towns of Cabrera and Ribera, which constituted a large and important heritage in the northwest of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaume Serra (artist)
Jaume Serra (died after 1405) was a Catalans, Catalan painter. Serra was influenced heavily by a Sienese School, Sienese style introduced by Ferrer Bassa. Biography Serra was a member of a family of artists active in the Principality of Catalonia in the fourteenth century. His brothers Pere Serra, Pere, Francesc and Joan were also painters of Trecento, italogótico style. The Serra brothers are characterized by the painting of tiny, stylized, slanted eyes and small mouth figures. Jaume painted ''Madonna of Humility''. He also collaborated with his brothers in the realization of the altarpiece of the Monastery of Santa María de Sigena, now in the Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya in Barcelona. Two additional altarpieces are preserved in the Museum of Zaragoza. ''The Virgin'' from the Convent of the Holy Sepulchre (Zaragoza) and ''Martin de Alpartil'' or the ''Resurrection'' (with the portrait of the friar as a donor). The third altarpiece is from the Shrine of Our Lady of Tobed, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter The Cruel
Peter (; 30 August 133423 March 1369), called Peter the Cruel () or the Just (), was King of Castile and List of Leonese monarchs, León from 1350 to 1369. Peter was the last ruler of the main branch of the House of Ivrea. He was excommunicated by Pope Urban V for his persecutions and cruelties committed against the clergy. Early life Peter was born in the defensive tower of the Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas, Monasterio de Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas in Burgos, Spain. His parents were Alfonso XI of Castile and Maria of Portugal, Queen of Castile, Maria of Portugal. According to chancellor and chronicler Pedro López de Ayala, he had a pale complexion, blue eyes and very light blonde hair; he was tall and muscular. He was accustomed to long, strenuous hours of work, lisped a little and "loved women greatly". He was well read and a patron of the arts, and in his formative years he enjoyed entertainment, music and poetry. He was to be married to his contem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Alfonso De Alburquerque
''Juan'' is a given name, the Spanish and Manx versions of ''John''. The name is of Hebrew origin and has the meaning "God has been gracious." It is very common in Spain and in other Spanish-speaking countries around the world and in the Philippines, and also in the Isle of Man (pronounced differently). The name is becoming popular around the world and can be pronounced differently according that region. In Spanish, the diminutive form (equivalent to ''Johnny'') is , with feminine form (comparable to ''Jane'', ''Joan'', or ''Joanna'') , and feminine diminutive (equivalent to ''Janet'', ''Janey'', ''Joanie'', etc.). Chinese terms * ( or 娟, 隽) 'beautiful, graceful' is a common given name for Chinese women. * () The Chinese character 卷, which in Mandarin is almost homophonic with the characters for the female name, is a division of a traditional Chinese manuscript or book and can be translated as 'fascicle', 'scroll', 'chapter', or 'volume'. Notable people * Juan (fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Villena
Villena (; ) is a city in Spain, in the Valencian Community. It is located at the northwest part of Alicante (province), Alicante, and borders to the west with Castilla-La Mancha and Region of Murcia, Murcia, to the north with the province of Valencia and to the east and south with the province of Alicante. It is the capital of the Comarques of the Valencian Community, comarca of the Alto Vinalopó. The municipality has an area of 345.6 km² and a population of 34,144 inhabitants as of Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain), INE 2023. There is evidence of settlement in the area from Middle Paleolithic. However, it is on dispute if the current city dates from Visigoths, visigothic times or before, though certainly it existed in the 11th century, during the al-Andalus, Muslim period. After the Reconquista, Christian conquest, it became Seigneury of Villena, Seigneury, Principality, Duchy and finally Marquisate, until the people, encouraged by the Catholic Monarchs, revolted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adelantado Mayor De Murcia
''Adelantado'' (, , ; meaning 'advanced') was a title held by some Spanish nobles in service of their respective kings during the Middle Ages. It was later used as a military title held by some Spanish ''conquistadores'' of the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries. ''Adelantados'' were granted directly by the monarch the right to become governors and justices of a specific region, which they were charged with conquering, in exchange for funding and organizing the initial explorations, settlements and pacification of the target area on behalf of the Crown of Castile. These areas were usually outside the jurisdiction of an existing '' audiencia'' or viceroy, and ''adelantados'' were authorized to communicate directly with the Council of the Indies. The ''reconquista'' The term has its origins in the ''reconquista'' and comes from the phrase ''por adelantado'' (Spanish: 'in advance', although translations stating 'one who goes before' and 'the forward man' are also found). It is a calque o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Manuel, Prince Of Villena
Don Juan Manuel (5 May 128213 June 1348) was a Spanish medieval writer, nephew of Alfonso X of Castile, son of Manuel of Castile and Beatrice of Savoy. He inherited from his father the great Lordship of Villena, receiving the titles of Lord, Duke and lastly Prince of Villena. He married three times, choosing his wives for political and economic convenience, and worked to match his children with partners associated with royalty. Juan Manuel became one of the richest and most powerful men of his time, coining his own currency as the kings did. During his life, he was criticised for choosing literature as his vocation, an activity thought inferior for a nobleman of such prestige. Some confusion exists about his names and titles. Juan Manuel often refers to himself in his books as "Don Juan, son of infante don Manuel". But some 19th and early 20th century scholars started calling him infante, a title he did not possess, as in medieval Castile only the sons of kings were called in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sancho Alfonso, 1st Count Of Alburquerque
Sancho Alfonso of Castile (1342–1374), known in Spanish as ''Don Sancho Alfonso de Castilla'', was Infante of Castile, 1st Count of Alburquerque. He was born in Seville as the ninth of the ten illegitimate children of Alfonso XI of Castile and Leonor de Guzmán. He participated in a revolt of the Castilian nobles against the despotic rule of his brother, Peter of Castile. Together with his brothers Henry (future Henry II of Castile), Fadrique and Tello, Sancho fought against his half-brother Peter. In April 1366, his brother Henry named him Count of Alburquerque, lord of Ledesma, Alba de Liste, Medellín, Tiedra and Montalbán. These lands had been confiscated from the only son of João Afonso de Albuquerque and 7th Lord of Alburquerque. In 1373, Sancho married Beatrice of Portugal, daughter of Peter I of Portugal and Inês de Castro. They had one daughter: Eleanor of Alburquerque, who married Ferdinand I of Aragon. He also had an illegitimate daughter, Leonor Sánchez d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tello Alfonso, Lord Of Aguilar De Campoo
Tello Alfonso of Castile (1337 – October 1370) was the seventh of the ten illegitimate children of Alfonso XI of Castile and Eleanor of Guzman. He was a prince of Castile and First Lord of Aguilar de Campoo. In Spanish he is known as ''Tello de Castilla, Infante de Castilla; Señor de Aguilar de Campoo, de Vizcaya, de Castañeda y de Lara''. Biography He was born in Seville. He participated along with his brothers in the struggles against the despotic rule of his half-brother Pedro of Castile also known as Pedro the Cruel. Family In 1353 he married Juana of Lara (daughter of Juan Núñez III de Lara), but she was reportedly murdered in 1359, on orders of King Peter ( Pedro the Cruel). Tello and Juana had no legitimate children. It is reported that Tello kept the news of her death secret in order to maintain possession of her dowry. Tello had many illegitimate children: *Juan Tellez de Castilla, Señor de Aguilar de Campoo (1355-1385). He died at the Battle of Aljubarro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gibraltar
Gibraltar ( , ) is a British Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territory and British overseas cities, city located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, on the Bay of Gibraltar, near the exit of the Mediterranean Sea into the Atlantic Ocean (Strait of Gibraltar). It has an area of and is Gibraltar–Spain border, bordered to the north by Spain (Campo de Gibraltar). The landscape is dominated by the Rock of Gibraltar, at the foot of which is a densely populated town area. Gibraltar is home to some 34,003 people, primarily Gibraltarians. Gibraltar was founded as a permanent watchtower by the Almohad Caliphate, Almohads in 1160. It switched control between the Nasrids, Crown of Castile, Castilians and Marinids in the Late Middle Ages, acquiring larger strategic clout upon the destruction of nearby Algeciras . It became again part of the Crown of Castile in 1462. In 1704, Anglo-Dutch forces Capture of Gibraltar, captured Gibraltar from Spain during the War of the S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Of Portugal, Queen Of Castile
Maria of Portugal () (9 February 1313 – 18 January 1357) was a Portuguese princess who became Queen consort of Castile, Queen of Castile upon her marriage to Alfonso XI in 1328. She was the eldest daughter of King Afonso IV of Portugal and his wife Beatrice of Castile (1293–1359), Beatrice of Castile. Life In 1328, Maria married Alfonso XI of Castile. As part of the dower, King Alfonso gave her Guadalajara (España), Guadalajara, Talavera de la Reina and Olmedo, Valladolid, Olmedo. The relationship between Maria and Alfonso was unhappy: Alfonso had a relationship with Eleanor de Guzmán, Leonor de Guzmán who gave him ten children, including the future King Henry II of Castile. Maria did not participate in the affairs of the court, being replaced by the royal mistress, and it is quite likely that she spent long periods secluded at the Royal Monastery of San Clemente in Seville. In 1335, Maria returned to her father in Évora, who demanded that Alfonso separated from L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galicia (Spain)
Galicia ( ; or ; ) is an Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Spain and nationalities and regions of Spain, historic nationality under Spanish law. Located in the northwest Iberian Peninsula, it includes the provinces of Spain, provinces of La Coruña (province), A Coruña, Lugo (province), Lugo, Ourense (province), Ourense, and Pontevedra (province), Pontevedra. Galicia is located in Atlantic Europe. It is bordered by Portugal to the south, the Spanish autonomous communities of Castile and León and Asturias to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Cantabrian Sea to the north. It had a population of 2,705,833 in 2024 and a total area of . Galicia has over of coastline, including its offshore islands and islets, among them Cíes Islands, Ons Island, Ons, Sálvora, Cortegada Island, which together form the Atlantic Islands of Galicia National Park, and the largest and most populated, A Illa de Arousa. The area now called Galicia was first in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fadrique Alfonso, Lord Of Haro
Fadrique Alfonso of Castile, 1st Señor de Haro (1334–1358), 25th Master of the Order of Santiago (1342–1358), was the fifth illegitimate child of Alfonso XI of Castile and Eleanor of Guzman. He was born in Seville. Biography Fadrique was a twin to Henry of Trastámara. While his father lived, the children of Eleanor de Guzman, the king's favorite, profited from appointments and royal grants. With this backing, in 1342, Fadrique rose to the leading role of ''Maestre'' of the militant monastic Order of Santiago. The prior Maestre had been Alonso Meléndez de Guzmán, his maternal uncle.In 1354, Fadrique was granted the role as custodian (''Adelantado Mayor de la Frontera'') of the Portuguese frontier. The rebelling Count Henry of Trastamara took refuge in the French court of Jean II after he was cornered in Asturias in 1354, and the count sought support from the French monarchy. Fadrique did not join his brother's rebellion until much later, during the War of Two Peters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
