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Henrikas Danilevičius
Henrikas Danilevičius, also widely known as Vidmantas (18 July 1922 – 1 November 1949) was a teacher, Lithuanian partisan, and one of the commanders of the Kęstutis military district. He was also known by his other codenames like ''Danila'', ''Kerštas'', ''Žinys'', ''Algis'', and ''Neringa''. Biography Early life Henrikas Danilevičius was born on 18 July 1922 in the Miliūnai manor in the Zarasai district of Lithuania. His father Stasys Danilevičius was a policeman. In the beginning he was educated privately at home. After moving to Alytus, from 1932 to 1933 he attended the Miroslavas gymnasium, though at one point he attended second and third grades in Panevėžys as his father was stationed there. He further attended gymnasiums in Alytus (1933-1934), Panevėžys (1934-1936) and Zarasai (1936-1937) respectively. In 1937, he traveled to Kaunas to study at the Kaunas higher technic school, which he attended up until the Soviet occupation of Lithuania. In 1940, he got a jo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kęstutis Military District
The Kęstutis military district (Lithuanian: ''Kęstučio apygarda'', previously Joint Kęstutis military district; ''Jungtinė Kęstučio apygarda'') was a military district of Lithuanian partisans which operated from 1946 to 1959 in the counties of Tauragė, Raseiniai, Jurbarkas, Šiauliai, Joniškis, partially - Kėdainiai and Kaunas. The military district was named after the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Grand Duke of Lithuania Kęstutis, and consisted of three units named ''Vaidotas'', ''Birutė'', ''Butigeidis''. The district was home to some notable partisans, such as Jonas Žemaitis and Juozas Kasperavičius (its founder). The Union of Lithuanian Freedom Fighters was established in the area of the military district. History Formation The retreating German front in the Second World War created cells of resistance in Lithuania. Resistance in the Žemaitija region began later than in other areas of Lithuania due to the span of the front. Two notable organisations emerged - the Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Occupation Of Lithuania
The occupation of the Baltic states was a period of annexation of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania by the Soviet Union from 1940 until its dissolution in 1991. For a period of several years during World War II, Nazi Germany occupied the Baltic states after it invaded the Soviet Union in 1941. The initial Soviet invasion and occupation of the Baltic states began in June 1940 under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, made between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany in August 1939 before the outbreak of World War II. The three independent Baltic countries were annexed as constituent Republics of the Soviet Union in August 1940. Most Western countries did not recognise this annexation, and considered it illegal. In July 1941, the occupation of the Baltic states by Nazi Germany took place, just weeks after its invasion of the Soviet Union. The Third Reich incorporated them into its ''Reichskommissariat Ostland''. In 1944, the Soviet Union recaptured most of the Baltic states as a result of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forest Brothers
The guerrilla war in the Baltic states was an insurgency waged by Baltic states, Baltic (Latvian partisans, Latvian, Lithuanian partisans, Lithuanian and Estonian partisans, Estonian) partisans against the Soviet Union from 1944 to 1956. Known alternatively as the "Forest Brothers", the "Brothers of the Wood" and the "Forest Friars" (, , ), these partisans fought against invading Soviet forces during their occupation of the Baltic states during and after World War II. Similar Anti-communist insurgencies in Central and Eastern Europe, insurgent groups resisted Soviet occupations in People's Republic of Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Polish People's Republic, Poland, Socialist Republic of Romania, Romania and Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukraine. Soviet forces, consisting primarily of the Red Army, occupied the Baltic states in 1940, completing their occupation by 1941. After a period of German occupation of the Baltic states during World War II, German occupation during World War I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-Soviet Partisans
Anti-Soviet partisans may refer to various resistance movements that opposed the Soviet Union and its satellite states at various periods during the 20th century, between the Russian Revolution (1917) and the collapse of the Soviet Union (1991). During the Russian Civil War and Interwar period *Basmachi movement * Green armies * August Uprising * Forest Guerrillas * Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine *Organizations of the White movement in the 1920s–1930s: ** Brotherhood of Russian Truth ** Russian All-Military Union During the Second World War and its aftermath * Armata Neagră (Moldovan SSR) * Chechen anti-communist resistance movement (1940–1944) *Chetniks (Kingdom of Yugoslavia/Serbia) * Cursed soldiers (Poland) * Goryani (Bulgaria) * Guerrilla war in the Baltic states ** Estonian partisans ** Latvian partisans ** Lithuanian partisans *Organisations formed by Nazi Germany ** GULAG Operation (Komi ASSR) ** Black Cats (Byelorussian SSR) **Crusaders (Independent St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Cross Of Vytis
The Order of the Cross of Vytis () is a Lithuanian presidential award conferred for heroic defence of Lithuania's freedom and independence. November 23 is a holiday in honour of the Order of the Cross of Vytis. History Interwar period Rejected initial design The order was first established on 30 July 1919 as the Cross for the Homeland (''Kryžius "Už Tėvynę"'') when the newly established Lithuanian Army was engaged in the Lithuanian–Soviet War. The initial design was based on the Polish Virtuti Militari with an addition of crossed swords, but no such crosses were actually produced. At the time of the Polish–Lithuanian War, the design was criticized for following Polish traditions. New version On 26 November 1919, the design was changed to the Cross of the Jagiellons, one of the varieties of the Cross of Lorraine found on the Coat of arms of Lithuania. On 3 February 1920, the name was changed to the Cross of Vytis. The order had two types: the first type had th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anykščiai District
Anykščiai (; see other names) is a ski resort city in Lithuania, west of Utena. The Roman Catholic Church of St. Matthias in Anykščiai is the tallest church in Lithuania, with spires measuring in height. Anykščiai has a resort status in Lithuania and is a popular destination of domestic tourism. Name The name of the city is believed to be derived from the Lithuanian hydronym Anykšta. Its name in other languages includes ; ; ; ; . History Archeological research in the area has revealed settlements dating from the late Neolithic. Anykščiai was first mentioned on 7 November 1442 as a possession of Grand Duke of Lithuania Casimir IV Jagiellon. Its location on the Šventoji River, connecting it to the Baltic Sea via the Neris River and Nemunas River, contributed to its development. It also lay on a land route between the cities of Vilnius and Riga. Its strategic importance led to frequent assaults by the Teutonic Order. The first written mention of the town dates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algimantas Military District
Algimantas military district (also Algimantas partisan military district) is a military district of Lithuanian partisans which operated in 1947-1950 in the counties of Panevėžys and Rokiškis. The military district consisted of the territorial units - Detachment (military), detachments (''rinktinė'') - ''Šarūnas'', ''Kunigaikštis Margiris'' (Duke Margiris), ''Žalioji'' (Green). Leaders Structure of Lithuanian partisans' organisation References {{Reflist External linksGenocide and Resistance Research Centre of Lithuania 2004 film about the Lithuanian Forest Br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aukštaitija
Aukštaitija (; literally ''Highland'' or ''Upland'') is the name of one of five ethnographic regions of Lithuania. The name comes from the fact that the lands are in the upper basin of the Nemunas, as opposed to the Lowlands that begin from Šiauliai westward. Although Kaunas is surrounded by Aukštaitija, the city itself is not considered to be a part of any ethnographic region in most cases. Geography Aukštaitija is in the northeast part of Lithuania and also encompasses a small part of Latvia and Belarus. The largest city located entirely within this region, Panevėžys, is considered to be the capital, though not in a political sense. Sometimes Utena is regarded as a symbolical capital. The largest cities by population are: * Panevėžys – 84,587 * Jonava – 26,423 * Utena – 25,397 * Kėdainiai – 22,677 * Ukmergė – 20,154 * Visaginas – 18,024 * Radviliškis – 15,161 The region has many lakes, mainly on the eastern side. Subdivisions History Historic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tauragė
Tauragė (; see #Names and etymology, other names) is an industrial city in Lithuania, and the capital of Tauragė County. In 2020, its population was 20,956. Tauragė is situated on the Jūra, Jūra River, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast, and not far from the Baltic Sea coast. Although first mentioned in 1507, Tauragė did not receive its town privileges, city charter until 1924, and its coat of arms (a silver hunting horn in a red field) until 1997. The previously small town was significantly developed in the 19th century and early 20th century, however its architecture suffered devastating damages during World War I and World War II. Notable surviving buildings in the city include the Tauragė castle, castle (19th century Russian Empire customs), 19th century Post office, buildings from the 20th century inter-war period, several churches: the Lutheran (built in 1843), the Catholic (1904) and Orthodox (1933). Lithuanian, Swedish and Danish factories operate in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of State Security (Soviet Union)
The Ministry of State Security (, ), abbreviated as MGB (), was a ministry of the Soviet Union from 1946 to 1953 which functioned as the country's secret police. The ministry inherited the intelligence and state security responsibilities of the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD) and People's Commissariat for State Security (NKGB). The MGB was led by Viktor Abakumov from 1946 to 1951, then by Semyon Ignatiev until Stalin's death in 1953, upon which it was merged into an enlarged Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD). Origins of the MGB The MGB was just one of many incarnations of the Soviet State Security apparatus. After the revolution, the Bolsheviks relied on a strong political police or security force to support and control their regime. During the Russian Civil War, the Cheka were in power, relinquishing it to State Political Directorate (GPU) in 1922 after the fighting was over. The GPU was then renamed The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juozas Kasperavičius
Juozas Kasperavičius (codenames: Angis, Visvydas, Šilas; 17 August 1912 – 9 April 1947) was a Lithuanian partisan and pilot, founder of the partisan Kęstutis military district. He was educated in the Kaunas War School as well as in the Lithuanian military aviation school, and served as a pilot both during interwar Lithuania and the Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (1940), first Soviet occupation. During Operation Barbarossa Kasperavičius stayed in Lithuania, where he was captured and interned by the German forces until 1941. After returning from capture he joined the Lithuanian Liberty Army. In 1945 he and his brother were detained - his brother was shot but Kasperavičius escaped, eventually being rescued by Lithuanian partisans from a military hospital. In 1946 he established the Kęstutis military district, becoming its leader. After the location of the headquarters was betrayed in 1947, Kasperavičius and his colleague blew themselves up to avoid capture in the ensu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
