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Hendrik Daniëlsz Hooft
Hendrik Daniëlszoon Hooft, Heerlijkheid, ''Ambachtsheer'' of Urk and Emmeloord (23 June 1716 in Amsterdam – 31 August 1794 in Loenersloot) was a Dutch people, Dutch politician during the Patriottentijd. Personal life Hooft was the son of Daniël Gerritszoon Hooft, ''burgemeester'' of Amsterdam, and Sophia Maria Reael. He was the scion of an Amsterdam patrician family that counted many ''burgemeesters'', like Cornelis Hooft and the poet and statesman Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft. He first married Anna Adriana Smissaert tot Sandenburg on 21 May 1744, who, however, died in childbirth on 30 April 1745. He then married Hester Schues on 30 August 1746. They had one daughter, Hester, who first married a banker (Clifford family (bankers), George Clifford)One of Hooft's granddaughters from this first marriage married Gijsbert Karel van Hogendorp. and after she had been widowed, married admiral Jan Hendrik van Kinsbergen. This second wife, Hester Schues, also died early, on 10 June 1749. C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regenten
In the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, the regenten (the Dutch plural for ''regent'') were the rulers of the Dutch Republic, the leaders of the Dutch cities or the heads of organisations (e.g. "regent of an orphanage"). Though not formally a hereditary " class", they were ''de facto'' " patricians", comparable to that ancient Roman class. Since the late Middle Ages Dutch cities had been run by the richer merchant families, who gradually formed a closed group. At first the lower-class citizens in the guilds and schutterijen could unite to form a certain counterbalance to the ''regenten'', but in the course of the 15th century the administration of the cities and towns became oligarchical in character. From the latter part of the 17th century the regent families were able to reserve government offices to themselves via quasi-formal contractual arrangements. In practice they could only be dislodged by political upheavals, like the Orangist revolution of 1747 and the Patriot revolt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pensionary
A pensionary was a name given to the leading functionary and legal adviser of the principal town corporations in the Low Countries because they received a salary or pension. History The office originated in Flanders. Initially, the role was referred to as clerk or advocate. The earliest pensionaries in the county of Holland were those of Dordrecht (1468) and of Haarlem (1478). The pensionary conducted the town's legal business and was the secretary of the town council and its representative and spokesman at the meetings of the Provincial States. The post of pensionary was permanent, and he had great influence. In the States of the province of Holland the pensionary of the order of nobles ''( Ridderschap)'' was the foremost official of that assembly and, until the death of Oldenbarneveldt in 1619, he was named Land's Advocate, or more shortly the advocate. His importance was much increased after the revolt in 1572, and still more so during the long period 1586–1619 when Joh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
States General Of The Netherlands
The States General of the Netherlands ( nl, Staten-Generaal ) is the supreme bicameral legislature of the Netherlands consisting of the Senate () and the House of Representatives (). Both chambers meet at the Binnenhof in The Hague. The States General originated in the 15th century as an assembly of all the provincial states of the Burgundian Netherlands. In 1579, during the Dutch Revolt, the States General split as the northern provinces openly rebelled against Philip II, and the northern States General replaced Philip II as the supreme authority of the Dutch Republic in 1581. The States General were replaced by the National Assembly after the Batavian Revolution of 1795, only to be restored in 1814, when the country had regained its sovereignty. The States General was divided into a Senate and a House of Representatives in 1815, with the establishment of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. After the constitutional amendment of 1848, members of the House of Representative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Hague
The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a list of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of the Netherlands is Amsterdam, The Hague has been described as the country's de facto capital. The Hague is also the capital of the provinces of the Netherlands, province of South Holland, and the city hosts both the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court. With a population of over half a million, it is the third-largest city in the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam. The Hague is the core municipality of the COROP, Greater The Hague urban area, which comprises the city itself and its suburban municipalities, containing over 800,000 people, making it the third-largest urban area in the Netherlands, again after the urban are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
States Of Holland And West Friesland
The States of Holland and West Frisia ( nl, Staten van Holland en West-Friesland) were the representation of the two Estates (''standen'') to the court of the Count of Holland. After the United Provinces were formed — and there no longer was a count, but only his "lieutenant" (the stadtholder) — they continued to function as the government of the County of Holland. The nobility was normally represented by the Land's Advocate of Holland or Grand Pensionary of Holland, who combined the votes of the ten members of the ''Ridderschap'' (the "Knighthood") in the estates; the nobility was also supposed to represent all rural interest, including those of the farmers. The Commons consisted of representatives of eighteen cities, in ancient feudal order: eleven of the Southern Quarter: Dordrecht, Haarlem, Delft, Leyden, Amsterdam, Gouda, Rotterdam, Gorinchem, Schiedam, Schoonhoven and Brill; seven of the Northern West Frisian Quarter: Alkmaar, Hoorn, Enkhuizen, Edam, Monnike ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch States Army
The Dutch States Army ( nl, Staatse leger) was the army of the Dutch Republic. It was usually called this, because it was formally the army of the States-General of the Netherlands, the sovereign power of that federal republic. This mercenary army was brought to such a size and state of readiness that it was able to hold its own against the armies of the major European powers of the extended 17th century, Habsburg Spain and the France of Louis XIV, despite the fact that these powers possessed far larger military resources than the Republic. It played a major role in the Eighty Years' War (opposite the Spanish Army of Flanders) and in the wars of the Grand Alliance with France after 1672. Precursors Despite the fact that the standard work by Ten Raa and De Bas about the States Army in its title proudly proclaims that the foundation of the army was laid in the first year of the Dutch war of independence, 1568, modern historians put the start date later, between 1576 (the year in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William V, Prince Of Orange
William V (Willem Batavus; 8 March 1748 – 9 April 1806) was a prince of Orange and the last stadtholder of the Dutch Republic. He went into exile to London in 1795. He was furthermore ruler of the Principality of Orange-Nassau until his death in 1806. In that capacity he was succeeded by his son William. Early life William Batavus was born in The Hague on 8 March 1748, the only son of William IV, who had the year before been restored as stadtholder of the United Provinces. He was only three years old when his father died in 1751, and a long regency began. His regents were: * Dowager Princess Anne, his mother, from 1751 to her death in 1759; * Dowager Princess Marie Louise, his grandmother, from 1759 to her death in 1765; * Duke Louis Ernest of Brunswick-Lüneburg, from 1759 to 1766, and kept on as a privy counsellor, in accordance with the '' Acte van Consulentschap'', until October 1784; * Princess Carolina, his sister (who at the time was an adult aged 22, while he was sti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marten Adriaan Beels
A marten is a weasel-like mammal in the genus ''Martes'' within the subfamily Guloninae, in the family Mustelidae. They have bushy tails and large paws with partially retractile claws. The fur varies from yellowish to dark brown, depending on the species; it is valued by animal trappers for the fur trade. Martens are slender, agile animals, adapted to living in the taiga, which inhabit coniferous and northern deciduous forests across the Northern Hemisphere. Classification Results of DNA research indicate that the genus ''Martes'' is paraphyletic, with some studies placing ''Martes americana'' outside the genus and allying it with '' Eira'' and ''Gulo'', to form a new New World clade. The genus first evolved up to seven million years ago during the Miocene epoch. Fossils Several fossil martens have been described, including: *†''Martes campestris'' (Pliocene) *†''Martes wenzensis'' (Pliocene) *†''Martes vetus'' (Pleistocene) Another described fossil species, ''Marte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Willem Gerrit Dedel Salomonsz
Willem Gerrit Dedel SalomonszoonThe placing of the patronymic, "Salomonszoon", is atypical, as usually such a patronymic was used as a middle name, as in Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck, or Dedel's contemnporary Hendrik Daniëlsz Hooft. However, in this case, the patronymic was used informally by later biographers to distinguish him from namesakes like Willem Gerrit Dedel (1726 - 1768), and in such a case the patronymic was usually added after the surname. ''Ambachtsheer'' of Sloten and Sloterdijk (20 April 1734 in Amsterdam – 2 January 1801 in Amsterdam) was a Dutch politician during the Patriottentijd in the Dutch Republic. Personal life Dedel was the son of Salomon Dedel, an Amsterdam merchant who traded on France and the Dutch West Indies, and Agneta Maria Boreel. Together with his father, he founded the firm Salomon & Willem Gerrit Dedel & Co. in 1758, which appears to have been dissolved in 1776. He married Jacoba Elisabeth Crommelin (the daughter of a Haarlem ''burgemeeste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aan Het Volk Van Nederland
''Aan het Volk van Nederland'' (; English: ''To the People of the Netherlands'') was a pamphlet distributed by window-covered carriages across all major cities of the Dutch Republic in the night of 25 to 26 September 1781. It claimed the entire political system, dominated by the Orange hereditary stadtholderate, was corrupt and had to be overthrown in favour of a democratic republic. The pamphlet became the creed of the Patriots. The Provincial and Confederal authorities took heavy punitive measures against the pamphlet, and tried to find out who wrote it. It was not until 1891, over a century after the pamphlet appeared, that it could be proven without doubt that the author had been prominent Patriot leader Joan Derk van der Capellen tot den Pol (1741–1784). Background In December 1780, the British Empire declared war on the Dutch Republic for intending to join the First League of Armed Neutrality, through which the Dutch sought to secure their right to trade with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joan Derk Van Der Capellen Tot Den Pol
Joan Derk, Baron van der Capellen tot den Pol (; 2 November 1741, Tiel – 6 June 1784, Zwolle) was a Dutch nobleman who played a prominent role in the revolutionary events that preceded the formation of the Batavian Republic. As a member of the Patriots and inspired by the American Revolution, he wrote the noted pamphlet '' Aan het Volk van Nederland'' ("To the People of the Netherlands"), pleading for a more liberal society and the end of the Stadtholder regime, which had been marked by corruption and nepotism. He was also an ardent supporter of the legal recognition of the recently created United States of America. Member of the States Van der Capellen became a member of the States of Overijssel in 1772. It was the beginning of his political career. He described himself as a "born regent", but that did not prevent him from being an ardent champion of the Enlightenment ideals and a critic of the Dutch Old Regime. For that reason, his opponents compared Van der Capellen's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
