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Hayriye Melek Hunç
Hayriye-Melech Xhundj (; ; b. 1896 – d. 24 October 1963) was a Circassian writer and teacher. She is considered one of the first Circassian female writers. Early life Melech was born in 1896 in the Haciosman village of Balıkesir (Manyas) province into the noble Xhundj house of the Circassian Ubykh tribe (a tribe expelled to Turkey during the Circassian genocide). Melech's father Kasbolat Bey supported the Ottomans in the Russo-Ottoman War of 1877-1878 by mobilizing a voluntary auxiliary unit of Circassian horsemen from the area around Manyas. Melech studied at a girls' school named Notre Dame de Sion in Istanbul. As per professor in spite of psychological and emotional issues, Melech had a strong and rebellious character. She spoke Turkish, French, Adyghe, Abaza, and Ubykh. She married another Circassian, Yusuf İzzet Pasha, in 1919 and following his death in 1931, she married Prof. Aytek Namitok, yet another Circassian. Career Social work Melech was one of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassians
The Circassians or Circassian people, also called Cherkess or Adyghe (Adyghe language, Adyghe and ), are a Northwest Caucasian languages, Northwest Caucasian ethnic group and nation who originated in Circassia, a region and former country in the North Caucasus. As a consequence of the Circassian genocide, which was perpetrated by the Russian Empire during the Russo-Circassian War in the 19th century, most of the Circassian people were exiled from their ancestral homeland and consequently began living in what was then the Ottoman Empire—that is, modern-day Turkey and the rest of the Middle East. In the early 1990s, the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization estimated that there are as many as 3.7 million Circassian diaspora, Circassians in diaspora in over 50 countries. The two Circassian languages—western Adyghe language, Adyghe and eastern Kabardian language, Kabardian—are natively spoken by the Circassian people. After the Russian Empire's war crimes and forced ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ubykh Language
Ubykh is an extinct Northwest Caucasian language once spoken by the Ubykh people, an ethnic group of Circassian nation who originally inhabited the eastern coast of the Black Sea before being deported ''en masse'' to the Ottoman Empire during the Circassian genocide. The Ubykh language is ergative and polysynthetic, with a high degree of agglutination, with polypersonal verbal agreement and a very large number of distinct consonants but only two phonemically distinct vowels. With around eighty consonants, it has one of the largest inventories of consonants in the world, and the largest number for any language without clicks. The name Ubykh is derived from (), from , its name in the Adyghe language. It is known in linguistic literature by many names: variants of Ubykh, such as ''Ubikh'', ( French); and its Germanised variant (from Ubykh ). Major features Ubykh is distinguished by the following features, some of which are shared with other Northwest Caucasian langua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1963 Deaths
Events January * January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cove River, Sydney, Australia. * January 2 – Vietnam War – Battle of Ap Bac: The Viet Cong win their first major victory. * January 9 – A January 1963 lunar eclipse, total penumbral lunar eclipse is visible in the Americas, Europe, Africa and Asia, and is the 56th lunar eclipse of Lunar Saros 114. Gamma has a value of −1.01282. It occurs on the night between Wednesday, January 9 and Thursday, January 10, 1963. * January 13 – 1963 Togolese coup d'état: A military coup in Togo results in the installation of coup leader Emmanuel Bodjollé as president. * January 17 – A last quarter moon occurs between the January 1963 lunar eclipse, penumbral lunar eclipse and the Solar eclipse of January 25, 1963, annular solar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1896 Births
Events January * January 2 – The Jameson Raid comes to an end as Jameson surrenders to the Boers. * January 4 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state. * January 5 – An Austrian newspaper reports Wilhelm Röntgen's discovery, last November, of a type of electromagnetic radiation, later known as X-rays. * January 6 – Cecil Rhodes is forced to resign as Prime Minister of the Cape Colony, Cape of Good Hope for his involvement in the Jameson Raid. * January 7 – American culinary expert Fannie Farmer publishes her first cookbook. * January 12 – H. L. Smith takes the first X-ray photograph. * January 16 – Devonport High School for Boys is founded in Plymouth (England). * January 17 – Anglo-Ashanti wars#Fourth Anglo-Ashanti War (1895–1896), Fourth Anglo-Ashanti War: British British Army, redcoats enter the Ashanti people, Ashanti capital, Kumasi, and Asantehene Agyeman Prempeh I is deposed. * January 28 – Walter Arnold, of E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From The Ottoman Empire Of Circassian Descent
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation. Concepts Legal Chapter One, Article One of the Charter of the United Nations states that "peoples" have the right to self-determination. Though the mere status as peoples and the right to self-determination, as for example in the case of Indigenous peoples (''peoples'', as in all groups of indigenous people, not merely all indigenous persons as in ''indigenous people''), does not automatically provide for independent sovereignty and therefore secession. Indeed, judge Ivor Jennings identified the inherent problems in the right of "peoples" to self-determination, as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karacaahmet Cemetery
The Karacaahmet Cemetery () is a 700-year-old historic cemetery located in Üsküdar, on the Asian side of Istanbul. Karacaahmet cemetery is the largest and second oldest in Istanbul at , and the largest burial ground in Turkey by number of interred. The cemetery was named after a warrior companion of Orhan, the second Ottoman sultan and is believed to have been founded in the mid-14th century. Karacaahmet Cemetery, which hosts many bird species, looks like a forest with trees such as cypress, plane tree, oak, laurel, hackberry, and various other plants. The burial ground is covered by high cypress trees. As a 700-year-old burial ground of historical importance, Karacaahmet Cemetery was declared a natural protected area and national historical landmark site in 1991, in accordance with the decision of the Istanbul Cultural and Natural Heritage Preservation Board. According to this decision, the cemetery area can only be used for burial of the dead, the cemetery cannot be removed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russo-Circassian War
The Russo-Circassian War, also known as the Russian invasion of Circassia, was the 101-year-long invasion of Circassia by the Russian Empire. The conflict started in 1763 ( O.S.) with Russia assuming authority in Circassia, followed by Circassian refusal, and ended with the last army of Circassia defeated on 21 May 1864 (O.S.). It was exhausting and casualty-heavy for both sides. The Russo-Circassian War was the longest war both Russia and Circassia have ever fought and the longest war in the Caucasus region.. During and after the war, the Russian Empire employed a genocidal strategy of systematically massacring civilians, resulting in the Circassian genocide,L.V.Burykina. ''Pereselenskoye dvizhenie na severo-zapagni Kavakaz''. Reference in King. where up to 3,500,000 Circassians were either killed or forcibly expelled to the Ottoman Empire (especially to modern-day Turkey; see Circassians in Turkey), creating the Circassian diaspora. While the war was initially an isolated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mehâsin
''Mehâsin'' (Ottoman Turkish: ''Virtues'') was a monthly women's magazine which was published in the Ottoman Empire between 1908 and 1909. It was one of the publications started in the aftermath of the Young Turk Revolution and was subtitled as ''Hanımlara Mahsus'' (Ottoman Turkish: ''For Women''). It is known for being the first color women's magazine in the Empire. History and profile The first issue of ''Mehâsin'' appeared on 14 September 1908. Its founders and directors were Asaf Muammer and Mehmed Rauf. The magazine came out monthly and was headquartered in Istanbul. In the inner cover Abdülhak Hamid's statement about women was published in each issue: "Bir milletin nisvanı derece-i terakkisinin mizanıdır.” (Ottoman Turkish: A nation's women are the measure of its modernity.). Following its seventh issue ''Mehâsin'' temporarily ceased publication for three months due to low sales. The magazine folded on 25 November 1909 and produced twelve issues during its lifet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghuaze
Ghuaze or Ğuaze (; "The Guide") is a Circassian newspaper in Turkey published since 1911. It uses Turkish as well as Circassian. Today, it is published online. The newspaper includes mostly political and historical articles. It was initially published by the Circassian Union and Mutual Aid Society.''Çerkes İtthâd ve Te‘âvün Cem‘iyyeti Nizâmnâme-i Esâsiyesi.'' January 28, 1909. References Turkish-language newspapers Newspapers published in Turkey {{Turkey-newspaper-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassian Union And Charity Society
The Circassian Union and Charity Society () or Çerkes İttihat ve Teavün Cemiyeti () was a Circassian nationalist charitable organization in the Ottoman Empire. It was based on several principles, mainly intellectualism, Circassian nationalism, and belief in Islam. The organization had many activities, and engaged in building schools as well as charity work. The organization's school taught a variety of subjects, including P.E., Geography, Circassian language, Turkish language, French language, Circassian history, Ottoman history, Painting, Music, and more. The school taught in the Adyghe, Turkish and Russian languages. History Political situation Before the end of the Russo-Circassian War in 1864, a mass deportation was launched against the remaining population who survived the Circassian genocide. Calculations including those taking into account the Russian Imperial Government's own archival figures have estimated a loss of 95–97% Text of citation: "The estimates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yusuf Izzet Pasha
Yusuf Izzet Pasha (; 1876 in Yozgat – April 15, 1922, in Ankara) was an Ottoman general of Circassian origin, who served both the Ottoman Army and the Turkish Army. See also *List of high-ranking commanders of the Turkish War of Independence This list includes high-ranking commanders who took part in the Turkish War of Independence: See also * Turkish State Cemetery#Burials * List of recipients of the Medal of Independence with Red-Green Ribbon (Turkey) Footnotes References ... Sources External links {{DEFAULTSORT:Yusuf Izzet 1876 births 1922 deaths People from the Ottoman Empire of Circassian descent People from Yozgat Ottoman Military Academy alumni Ottoman Military College alumni Ottoman military personnel of the Greco-Turkish War (1897) Ottoman military personnel of the Italo-Turkish War Ottoman military personnel of the Balkan Wars Ottoman military personnel of World War I Ottoman Army generals Turkish Army generals Turkish military ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
