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Hadhabani (tribe)
Hadhabani or Hadhbāni, Hadhbānī, Hadhbāniyya, Heciban ( ; , ), was a large medieval and most powerful Sunni Muslim Kurdish tribe. It made various emirates and dynasties from the Caucasus, all the way to upper Mesopotamia. Etymology According to Vladimir Minorsky, The name of the Tribe is derived from geographical term for the region of Irbil, which is preserved in the name of the Nestorian diocese, Adiabene (HaSayyap). however this is rejected by modern scholars, according to Vanly and Zeki, the tribe got their name from Khezan-Hezan. Their name in Kurdish was pronounced Hezan. Other scholors suggest that Khezan-Hezan gets its name from the tribe, not the other way around. the name is most likely a combination of Hoz (, ; ) and Bān or Wān (, ; ), which means "Tribal leader". Territory According to Ibn Hawqal the region of Jazira was the summer pasture of Hadhabani Kurds and winter pasture of Shaybani Arab tribe, The presence of Hadhabani in the 10th century is attes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Erbil
Erbil (, ; , ), also called Hawler (, ), is the capital and most populated city in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The city is the capital of the Erbil Governorate. Human settlement at Erbil may be dated back to the 5th millennium BC. At the heart of the city is the ancient Citadel of Erbil and Mudhafaria Minaret. The earliest historical reference to the region dates to the Third Dynasty of Ur of Sumer, when King Shulgi mentioned the city of Urbilum. The city was later conquered by the Assyrian people, Assyrians. In the 3rd millennium BC, Erbil was an independent power in its area. It was conquered for a time by the Gutians. Beginning in the late 2nd millennium BC, it came under Assyrian control. Subsequent to this, it was part of the geopolitical province of Assyria under several empires in turn, including the Median Empire, the Achaemenid Empire (Achaemenid Assyria), Macedonian Empire, Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity), Armenian Empire, Parthian Empire, Assyria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Urmia
Urmia (; ) is the largest city in West Azerbaijan Province of Iran. In the Central District of Urmia County, it is capital of the province, the county, and the district. The city is situated near the borders of Iran with Turkey and Iraq. The city lies at an altitude of above sea level along the Shahar River on the Urmia Plain. Lake Urmia, one of the world's largest salt lakes, lies to the east of the city, and the border with Turkey lies to the west. The city is the trading center for a fertile agricultural region where fruits (especially apples and grapes) and tobacco are grown. Even though the majority of the residents of Urmia are Muslims, the Christian history of Urmia is well preserved and is especially evident in the city's many churches and cathedrals. An important town by the 9th century, the city has had a diverse population which has at times included Muslims (Shias and Sunnis), Christians (Catholics, Protestants, Nestorians, and Orthodox), Jews, Baháʼ� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Khoy
Khoy (, ) is a city in the Central District (Khoy County), Central District of Khoy County, West Azerbaijan province, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Occupied since Medes, Median times, it shares a long history as an important Christianity, Christian center.Andrew Burke, "Iran" pp. 138. Lonely Planet. History Khoy was named in ancient times for the salt mines that made it an important spur of the Silk Route. 3000 years ago, a city existed on the area where Khoy is located nowadays, but its name became Khoy only in the 14th centuries ago.Lida Balilan Asl, Elham Jafari. "Khoy's Expansion from Early Islam to Late Qajar According to Historical Documents" published spring 2013. vol 3 In 714 BC, Sargon II passed the region of which Khoy is part of in a campaign against Urartu. During the reign of Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity), Greater Armenia this city was a part of Nor-Shirakan province (ashkar). Khoy was mentioned in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Shahrizor
Shahrizor or Shahrezur () is a fertile plain in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, situated in the Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Silêmanî Governorate and west of Avroman, Hewraman. Shahrizor plain is watered by the Tributary, tributaries of Tandjaro river which flows to Diyala River, Diyala and Tigris rivers. Etymology The name ''Shahrazur'' is likely derived from two Iranian languages, Iranian words: ''shah'' (king) and (forest), hence sharazur meaning ''kingly forest (royal forest)''. Ernst Herzfeld, Herzfeld based on the fact that in classical sources the name was spelt with an initial /s/ rather /sh/, suggested ''white forest'', which he connected with the Avestan legends. Indeed, to this day the plain of Sharazur has an important status among adherents of native religion of Yarsan as a holy and sacred region where God descends for the Last Judgement. The 12th century geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi, based on folk etymology interpreted origin of name Sharazur, from the name of the son ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Humaydi (tribe)
Humaydi or Humaydiyya (Kurdish: Hevêdî), was a medieval Kurdish tribe branch of Çehârbuhtî Kurdish tribal federation. That inhabited the regions of Al-Jazira and Zozān. History Early history The Humaydi Tribe is first mentioned by 9th-century Arab geographer Ibn Hawqal. He mentions that the Humaydi Tribe along with Hadhbaniyya and Lariyya Kurdish tribes, had their winter pasture in Jazira region. The Humaydi Tribe along with Hadhbani and Daseni, revolted against the Hamdanid rule in 906. Badh Dustak, the founder of Marwanid Emirate, was the chief of Humaydi Tribe. Marwanid Emirate Badh Dustak, the Humaydi Tribal chief. who inherited the domain from his father, Dustak Çehârbuhtî. Badh was a head of a war band. In 978, Badh began expanding his domain further north and west. He captured Mush, Khlat, Malazgart, Ercish, Bargiri and Taron from the Romans. During the Marwanid era, the Humaydi Tribe gained dominance among the western Kurdish tribes. Even after the fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Dasini
Dasini ( ; ) or Daseni, Tasini, Dasiki, is a Kurdish Yazidi tribe and ethnonym of Yazidis. The tribe resided near Mosul, Duhok, Sheikhan, Sinjar and all the way to the west bank of Greater Zab river.M. Th. Houtsma, 1993E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936 Volume 8 - Page 1164, BrillAli, Majid Hassan (1 November 2019)"Genocidal Campaigns during the Ottoman Era: The Firmān of Mīr-i-Kura against the Yazidi Religious Minority in 1832–1834" Genocide Studies International. 13 (1): 77–91. doi:10.3138/gsi.13.1.05. ISSN 2291-1847. S2CID 208688229.Ghalib, Sabah Abdullah (13 October 2011)The Emergence of Kurdism with Special Reference to the Three Kurdish Emirates within the Ottoman Empire1800-1850 (PhD thesis). pp. 52–53. Archived frothe originalon 28 July 2021. There was also present of Daseni tribe in Homs Governorate, Syria. They were called Akrād Al-Daseniya "Daseni Kurds", who still spoke Kurdish for generations. Name The Yazidis call themselves Dāsin, Dasn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (; ) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (566–653 CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name. After overthrowing the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE (132 AH), they ruled as caliphs based in modern-day Iraq, with Baghdad being their capital for most of their history. The Abbasid Revolution had its origins and first successes in the easterly region of Khurasan, far from the Levantine center of Umayyad influence. The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad as the new capital. Baghdad became the center of science, culture, arts, and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam. By housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multiethnic and multi- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Abdallah Ibn Hamdan
Abu'l-Hayja Abdallah ibn Hamdan (; died 929) was an early member of the Hamdanid dynasty, who served the Abbasid Caliphate as a military commander and governor of Mosul (in 905/06–913/14, 914/15, and again in 925–29). Esteemed for his qualities, he was involved in the court intrigues at Baghdad, and played a leading role in the brief usurpation of al-Qahir in February 929, during which he was killed. His sons, Nasir al-Dawla and Sayf al-Dawla, went on to found the Hamdanid emirates of Mosul and Aleppo. Life Abdallah was a son of the patriarch of the Hamdanid dynasty, the Taghlibi chieftain Hamdan ibn Hamdun, and a Kurdish woman. After the family entered Abbasid service at the turn of the 10th century, Abdallah was appointed governor of Mosul in 905/6. From this position, he fought against the local Kurdish tribes. In 908, he was ordered to pursue his brother, Husayn, who had been involved in the failed usurpation of Ibn al-Mu'tazz, but failed to capture him. Instead, their b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Hamdanid Dynasty
The Hamdanid dynasty () was a Shia Muslim Arab dynasty that ruled modern day Northern Mesopotamia and Syria (890–1004). They descended from the ancient Banu Taghlib tribe of Mesopotamia and Arabia. History Origin The Hamdanids hailed from Arab Taghlib tribe, and are descendants of Adi ibn Usama al-Taghlibi. They're sometimes called Adawis or Taghlibis in historical sources. Hamdanid emirate of Jazirah and Aleppo The Hamdanid dynasty was founded by Hamdan ibn Hamdun. By 892–893, he was in possession of Mardin, after fighting the Kharijites of the Jazira. In 895, Caliph al-Mutadid invaded and Hamdan fled Mardin. Hamdan's son, Husayn, who was at Ardumusht, joined the caliph's forces. Hamdan later surrendered to the caliph and was imprisoned. In December 908, Husayn conspired to establish Ibn al-Mu'tazz as Caliph. Having failed, Husayn fled until he asked for mediation through his brother Ibrahim. Upon his return, he was made governor of Diyar Rabi'a. In 916, Husa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nineveh Plains
Nineveh Plains (, Modern ; ; ) is a region in Nineveh Governorate in Iraq. Located to the north and east of the city Mosul, it is the only Christian-majority region in Iraq and have been a gathering point for Iraqi Christians since 2003. Control over the region is contested between Iraqi security forces, Peshmerga, KRG security forces, Nineveh Plain Protection Units, Assyrian security forces, Babylon Brigade and the Shabak Militia. The plains have a heterogenous population of Aramaic-speaking Assyrian Christians belonging to different churches: the Assyrian Church of the East, the Chaldean Catholic, the Syriac Orthodox church, and the Syriac Catholic church. Arabs, Kurds, Yazidis, Shabaks and Iraqi Turkmen, Turkmens, and includes ruins of ancient Assyrian cities and religious sites, such as Nimrud, Dur-Sharrukin, Mar Mattai Monastery, Rabban Hormizd Monastery and the Tomb of Nahum. History The Middle Bronze Age Andarig, Kingdom of Andarig used to be located in the north. Tabula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Muhammad Son Of Bilal
Muhammad ibn Bilal al-Hadhbani, was the earliest recorded chief of the Hadhbani Kurds. In 906 AD, he laid waste to the Mosul countryside. The Hamdanid ruler, Abu'l-Hayja Abdallah ibn Hamdan, pursued him but suffered a defeat. The Abbasid The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (; ) was the third caliphate to succeed the prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (566–653 C ... caliph of Baghdad sent reinforcement and Abu'l-Hayja continued his pursuit of Muhammad ibn Bilal along with 5,000 Hadhbani Kurdish families. A peace was made and the Muhammad ibn Bilal had to surrender all their territories in northern Mosul to the Daseni and Humaydi tribes. References Rebels from the Abbasid Caliphate 10th-century Kurdish people Kurdish rulers 10th-century people from the Abbasid Caliphate {{Kurd-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Hakkari (historical Region)
Hakkari ( , or Kurdish: هەکاری), was a historical mountainous region lying to the south of Lake Van, encompassing parts of the modern provinces of Hakkâri Province, Hakkâri, Şırnak Province, Şırnak, Van Province, Van in Turkey and Dohuk Governorate, Dohuk in Iraq. During the late Ottoman Empire it was a sanjak within the old Vilayet of Van. History The region stretching from Tur Abdin to Hakkari formed the Nairi lands which served as the northern Assyrian frontier and border with their Urartu, Urartian rivals. The Assyrian people, Assyrians of this region were Christians adhering to the Assyrian Church of the East and lived here until 1924, when the last Assyrians who survived the Assyrian genocide and massacres that occurred during 1918 were expelled. Most subsequently moved to the Sapna valley, Sapna and Nahla, Iraq, Nahla valleys in northern Iraq. Those who went to Simele ended up immigrating further to the Tell Tamer Subdistrict in Syria during the 1930s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
