|
Gümülcineli İsmail
Gümülcineli İsmail Hakkı Bey (1877–1942) was a liberal politician in the late Ottoman Empire, who was a member of the Freedom and Accord Party. Biography Early years He completed his primary, secondary and five-year Sanjak İdadîsı education in Gümülcine (Komotini). He completed the rest of his İdadîsi education at Edirne Leyli İdadîsi and graduated in 1899. He graduated from Mekteb-i Hukuk in 1904. After graduation, he worked as a lawyer in Komotini and was involved in agriculture. In 1906-1907, he joined the Committee of Union and Progress and worked for the spread of the society in the region. During the Young Turk Revolution, he was the president of the CUP Komotini branch. Since he was twenty-four years old, it was not possible for him to be elected as a deputy in the 1908 elections. For this reason, his age was increased by eight years and he was unanimously elected as a deputy for Komotini. His political life He was a member of the Constitutional C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chamber Of Deputies (Ottoman Empire)
The Chamber of Deputies ( ; - Cited page/ref> or ) of the Ottoman Empire was the lower house of the General Assembly, the Ottoman Parliament. Unlike the upper house, the Senate, the members of the Chamber of Deputies were elected by the general Ottoman populace, although suffrage was limited to men of a certain financial standing, among other restrictions that varied over the Chamber's lifetime. First Constitutional Era (1876–1878) In the First Constitutional Era, which only lasted for two years from 1876 to 1878, the initial selection of Deputies was made by the directly elected Administrative Councils in the provinces, who acted as an electoral college for Deputies and also as local governments. The first Chamber met on 19 March 1877. Its main power during this period was its right to vote on annual budgets submitted by the Council of Ministers. All members of the parliament, including those in the Chamber, had a right to free expression and were immune from arrest and crim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mehmed Said Pasha
Mehmed Said Pasha (; 1838–1914), also known as Küçük Said Pasha (; "Said Pasha the Younger") or Şapur Çelebi or in his youth as Mabeyn Başkâtibi Said Bey, was an Ottoman Turkish monarchist, senator, statesman and editor of the Turkish newspaper '' Cerîde-i Havâdis''. He served as grand vizier for nine years in total, seven times during the reign of Abdul Hamid II and twice during the Second Constitutional Monarchy. He was known for his opposition to the extension of foreign influence in the Ottoman Empire.A.g.e. II.995-999. He was among the statesmen who were disliked by the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP). However, in his last two grand vizierships, Said Pasha was supported by the CUP in the Chamber of Deputies, and his last grand vizierate ended in 1912 with a military memorandum against the Unionists. Early life Mehmed Said was born in Erzurum. His father was Ali Namık Efendi, a foreign minister. According to his contemporary Petre Kharischirash ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Istanbul University Faculty Of Law Alumni
Istanbul is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With Demographics of Istanbul, a population over , it is home to 18% of the Demographics of Turkey, population of Turkey. Istanbul is among the List of European cities by population within city limits, largest cities in Europe and List of cities proper by population, in the world by population. It is a city on two continents; about two-thirds of its population live in Europe and the rest in Asia. Istanbul straddles the Bosphorus—one of the world's busiest waterways—in northwestern Turkey, between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its area of is coterminous with Istanbul Province. Istanbul's climate is Mediterranean climate, Mediterranean. The city now known as Istanbul developed to become one of the most significant cities in history. Byzantium was founded on the Sarayburnu promontory by Greek colonisation, Greek col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1942 Deaths
The Uppsala Conflict Data Program project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 4.62 million. However, the Correlates of War estimates that the prior year, 1941, was the deadliest such year. Death toll estimates for both 1941 and 1942 range from 2.28 to 7.71 million each. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in which they agree "not to make any separate peace with the Axis powers". * January 5 – WWII: Two prisoners, British officer Airey Neave and Dutch officer Anthony Luteyn, escape from Colditz Castle in Germany. After travelling for three days, they reach the Swiss border. * January 7 – WWII: ** Battle of Slim River: Japanese forces of the 5th Division, supported by tanks, sweep through ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1877 Births
Events January * January 1 – Queen Victoria is proclaimed Empress of India by the Royal Titles Act 1876, introduced by Benjamin Disraeli, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom . * January 8 – Great Sioux War of 1876: Battle of Wolf Mountain – Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle with the United States Cavalry in Montana. * January 20 – The Conference of Constantinople ends, with Ottoman Turkey rejecting proposals of internal reform and Balkan provisions. * January 29 – The Satsuma Rebellion, a revolt of disaffected samurai in Japan, breaks out against the new imperial government; it lasts until September, when it is crushed by a professionally led army of draftees. February * February 17 – Major General Charles George Gordon of the British Army is appointed Governor-General of the Sudan. March * March 2 – Compromise of 1877: The 1876 United States presidential election is resolved with the selection of Ru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, fourth-most populous city in the European Union and the List of cities proper by population density, 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2022. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of the world's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, culture, Fashion capital, fashion, and gastronomy. Because of its leading role in the French art, arts and Science and technology in France, sciences and its early adoption of extensive street lighting, Paris became known as the City of Light in the 19th century. The City of Paris is the centre of the Île-de-France region, or Paris Region, with an official estimated population of 12,271,794 inhabitants in January 2023, or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
150 Personae Non Gratae Of Turkey
The 150 '' personae non gratae'' of Turkey () is a list of high-ranking personages of the Ottoman Empire who were exiled from the Republic of Turkey shortly after the end of the Turkish War of Independence with the Armistice of Mudanya on 11 October 1922. The Sultanate was abolished by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in Angora (Ankara) on 1 November 1922, and the last Ottoman Sultan, Mehmed VI, was declared '' persona non grata''. Leaving Istanbul aboard the British warship HMS ''Malaya'' on 17 November 1922, he was sent into exile and died in Sanremo, Italy, on 16 May 1926. The list was created on 23 April 1924, by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey The Grand National Assembly of Turkey ( ), usually referred to simply as the GNAT or TBMM, also referred to as , in Turkish, is the Unicameralism, unicameral Turkey, Turkish legislature. It is the sole body given the legislative prerogatives by ..., and revised on 1 June 1924.TERZIĆ, FARUK. “The Problematic of P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkish War Of Independence
, strength1 = May 1919: 35,000November 1920: 86,000Turkish General Staff, ''Türk İstiklal Harbinde Batı Cephesi'', Edition II, Part 2, Ankara 1999, p. 225August 1922: 271,000Celâl Erikan, Rıdvan Akın: ''Kurtuluş Savaşı tarihi'', Türkiye İş̧ Bankası Kültür Yayınları, 2008, p. 339. , strength2 = 60,000 30,000 20,000 7,000 , casualties1 = 13,000 killedKate Fleet, Suraiya Faroqhi, Reşat Kasaba: The Cambridge History of Turkey Volume 4'', Cambridge University Press, 2008, , p. 159.22,690 died of diseaseSabahattin Selek: ''Millî Mücadele – Cilt I (engl.: National Struggle – Edition I)'', Burçak yayınevi, 1963, p. 109. 5,362 died of wounds or other non-combat causes35,000 wounded7,000 prisonersAhmet Özdemir''Savaş esirlerinin Milli mücadeledeki yeri'', Ankara University, Türk İnkılap Tarihi Enstitüsü Atatürk Yolu Dergisi, Edition 2, Number 6, 1990, pp. 328–332Total: 83,052 casualties , casualties2 = 24,240 kill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Damat Ferid Pasha
" Damat" Mehmed Adil Ferid Pasha ( ; 1853 – 6 October 1923), known simply as Damat Ferid Pasha, was an Ottoman liberal statesman, who held the office of Grand Vizier, the ''de facto'' prime minister of the Ottoman Empire, during two periods under the reign of the last Ottoman Sultan Mehmed VI, the first time between 4 March 1919 and 2 October 1919 and the second time between 5 April 1920 and 21 October 1920. He was the Sultan's imperial brother-in-law ('' damat'') through his marriage to his sister, Mediha Sultan. Officially, he was brought to the office a total of five times, since his cabinets were recurrently dismissed under various pressures and he had to present new ones.İsmail Hâmi Danişmend, Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı, Türkiye Yayınevi, İstanbul, 1971 (Turkish) Because of his involvement in the Treaty of Sèvres, his collaboration with the occupying Allied powers, and his readiness to acknowledge atrocities against the Armenians, he was declared a traito ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bursa
Bursa () is a city in northwestern Turkey and the administrative center of Bursa Province. The fourth-most populous city in Turkey and second-most populous in the Marmara Region, Bursa is one of the industrial centers of the country. Most of Turkey's automotive production takes place in Bursa. As of 2019, the Metropolitan Province was home to 3 238 618 inhabitants, 2 283 697 of whom lived in the 3 city urban districts (Osmangazi, Yıldırım and Nilüfer) plus Gürsu and Kestel. Its rich history provides various places of interest in Bursa. Bursa became the capital of the Ottoman Empire (back then the Ottoman Beylik) from 1335 until the 1360s. A more recent nickname is ("") referring to the parks and gardens located across the city, as well as to the vast, varied forests of the surrounding region. Bursa has a rather orderly urban growth and borders a fertile plain. The mausoleums of the early Ottoman sultans are located in Bursa, and the city's main landmarks include nu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armistice Of Mudros
The Armistice of Mudros () ended hostilities in the Middle Eastern theatre between Ottoman Turkey and the Allies of World War I. It was signed on 30 October 1918 by the Ottoman Minister of Marine Affairs Rauf Bey and British Admiral Somerset Arthur Gough-Calthorpe, on board HMS ''Agamemnon'' in Moudros harbor on the Greek island of Lemnos,Karsh, Efraim, ''Empires of the Sand: The Struggle for Mastery in the Middle East'', (Harvard University Press, 2001), 327. and it took effect at noon the next day. The table it was signed on is now on board HMS ''Belfast'' in London Bridge, though it is not accessible to the public. Among its conditions, the Ottomans surrendered their remaining garrisons outside Anatolia, and granted the Allies the right to occupy forts controlling the Straits of the Dardanelles and the Bosporus and any Ottoman territory "in case of disorder" threatening their security. The Ottoman Army (including the Ottoman Air Force) was demobilized; and all ports, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
