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Gunbai
The is a type of Baton (symbol), signal baton and Japanese war fan. Once held by military leaders (such as ) and priests in the past, it is used in the modern day by gyōji, umpires in sumo wrestling. Description , from the Sino-Japanese vocabulary, Sino-Japanese roots meaning "military-apportioned [fan]", were a specialized form of fan used by samurai officers in Japan to communicate commands to their troops. Unlike regular fans, were solid, not folding, and usually made of wood, wood covered with metal, or solid metal. It is also a key accessory of a (referee) in professional sumo. The main use is at the end of a bout, when the decides the victor and points the to either the east or west position (each wrestler is assigned to start from either the east or west position each tournament day). Reflecting this, the 's decision itself is often informally referred to as a "". If this is called into question and the judge (sumo), judges hold a consultation, a decision to uphol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyōji
A is a referee employed by the Japan Sumo Association, responsible for a variety of activities which concern the organisation of the sport in general and the refereeing of matches, as well as the preservation of Sumo#Professional sumo, professional sumo culture, deeply rooted in Shinto traditions. Subject to the same strict hierarchy and traditional appearance as the other professions gravitating around professional sumo, the are one of the most visible professions at tournaments (), being the third person in the (wrestling ring) and sometimes defined as "an essential part of the sumo spectacle." Inherited from a tradition of refereeing dating back to the Heian period, did not take on their current role until the Tenshō (Momoyama period), Tenshō era in the late 16th century. Since the end of the 18th century, have been entrusted with religious functions, which they perform during the consecration of combat areas, before tournaments or in the heya (sumo), stables to which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese War Fan
The Japanese war fan, or ''tessen'' (), is a Japanese hand fan used as a weapon or for signalling. Several types of war fans were used by the samurai class of feudal Japan and each had a different look and purpose. Description War fans varied in size, materials, shape, and use. One of the most significant uses was as a signalling device. Signalling fans came in two varieties: * a folding fan that has wood or metal ribs with lacquered paper attached to the ribs and a metal outer cover * a solid open fan made from metal and/or wood, similar to the ''gunbai'' used today by sumo referees. The commander would raise or lower his fan and point in different ways to issue commands to the soldiers, which would then be passed on by other forms of visible and audible signalling.Oscar Ratti, Adele Westbrook, ''Secrets of the Samurai: A Survey of the Martial Arts of Feudal Japan'', p.296-304 War fans were also made as weapons. The art of fighting with war fans is tessenjutsu. Types * ''c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judge (sumo)
or Shinpan are the ring-side judges of a professional sumo bout. In a sumo ''honbasho'' tournament, five ''shimpan'' sit around the ring to observe which wrestler wins the matchup, with two additional ''shimpan'' serving as video review officials in another room. When judging tournament bouts, they wear formal Japanese dress of ''otokomono'', ''haori'' with ''Mon (badge), mon'', and ''hakama''. At the end of each bout, an initial decision is given by the ''gyōji'' (the ring referee), which is usually correct and no action is taken by the ''shimpan''. Seating and status Five ''shimpan'' sit around the ring during the tournament. The order of importance of the ''shimpan'' is determined by where they sit. The order of importance goes North, East, South East, South West, West. They will rotate where they sit every day to maintain equality. However, in the top division, only the chief ''shimpan'' and his two deputies may sit in the North. The South East ''shimpan'' also acts as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sumo
is a form of competitive full-contact wrestling where a ''rikishi'' (wrestler) attempts to force his opponent out of a circular ring (''dohyō'') or into touching the ground with any body part other than the soles of his feet (usually by throwing, shoving or pushing him down). Sumo originated in Japan, the only country where it is practised professionally and where it is considered the national sport. It is considered a ''gendai budō'', which refers to modern Japanese martial arts, but the sport has a history spanning many centuries. Many ancient traditions have been preserved in sumo, and even today the sport includes many ritual elements, such as the use of salt purification, from Shinto. Life as a wrestler is highly regimented, with rules regulated by the Japan Sumo Association. Most sumo wrestlers are required to live in communal sumo training stables, known in Japanese as ''Heya (sumo), heya'', where all aspects of their daily livesfrom meals to their manner of dressa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Communication In Feudal Japan
A variety of procedures were used to communicate across the battlefield in feudal Japan, much like in any other culture. These methods included visual signals like flags and banners and audible signals using drums and horns. Messengers on horseback used ciphers and other methods to prevent their messages from falling into the wrong hands. By the beginning of the Sengoku Period, battlefield communications had become fairly complicated affairs, with larger armies than ever before, and a multitude of flags and banners covered in a myriad of colors and designs. Flags and banners Since the beginnings of what we would today recognize as Japanese culture, and probably earlier, various symbols, crests, banners, or markings on armor were used to help identify and distinguish warriors on the battlefield. The '' mon'', or symbol, of a clan or a ''daimyō'' was particularly common, identifying which side a warrior fought on; some samurai used their own names or ''mon'' rather than that of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sumo Terminology
is a form of competitive full-contact wrestling where a ''rikishi'' (wrestler) attempts to force his opponent out of a circular ring (''dohyō'') or into touching the ground with any body part other than the soles of his feet (usually by throwing, shoving or pushing him down). Sumo originated in Japan, the only country where it is practised professionally and where it is considered the national sport. It is considered a ''gendai budō'', which refers to modern Japanese martial arts, but the sport has a history spanning many centuries. Many ancient traditions have been preserved in sumo, and even today the sport includes many ritual elements, such as the use of salt purification, from Shinto. Life as a wrestler is highly regimented, with rules regulated by the Japan Sumo Association. Most sumo wrestlers are required to live in communal sumo training stables, known in Japanese as '' heya'', where all aspects of their daily livesfrom meals to their manner of dressare dictated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
:Category:Japanese Words And Phrases ...
{{Commons Words and phrases by language Words Words Words A word is a basic element of language that carries meaning, can be used on its own, and is uninterruptible. Despite the fact that language speakers often have an intuitive grasp of what a word is, there is no consensus among linguists on its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saihai
A was a baton carried by samurai commanders in feudal Japan, now used by Kannushi in formal settings. The saihai or sai-hai was a sign of rank and a signal device. Appearance and use A saihai usually consisted of a lacquered wood stick with metal ends. The butt had a hole for a cord for the saihai to be hung from the armor of the samurai when not being used. The head of the saihai had a hole with a cord attached to a tassel of strips of lacquered paper, leather, cloth or yak hair. The saihai first came into use during the 1570s and the 1590s between the Genki and Tensho year periods. Large troop movements and improved and varied tactics required commanders in the rear to be able to signal their troops during a battle.Russo-Japanese war, Volume 3 A.T.Mahan Publisher Kinkodo pub. co., 1905 p.911 Gallery File:Saihai.JPG, Edo period commanders baton "saihai" with a yak hair tassle File:Saihai 1.JPG, Japanese (samurai) commanders signal baton "saihai" with leather tassels File:S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wands
A wand is a thin, straight, hand-held stick of wood, ivory, or metal. Wand may also refer to: People *Bruce Wands, an American digital artist and educator *Günter Wand, a German orchestra conductor and composer *Hart Wand, an early white American blues musician and composer from Oklahoma City *John W C Wand, an Anglican archbishop of Brisbane, Australia *Seth Wand, an American football offensive tackle *Walter Rudi Wand, a German judge *Wand Bewossen, a military figure in Ethiopian history *Wanderlei Silva, Brazilian mixed martial artist Music *Wand (band), an American psychedelic rock band *Wands (band), a 3-member Japanese rock music group *Wand Records, a record company *"The W.A.N.D. (The Will Always Negates Defeat)," a song by The Flaming Lips Media *WAND (TV), an NBC affiliate in Decatur, Illinois *"The Wand (Adventure Time), The Wand", an episode of ''Adventure Time'' on season one DVD *The Wand (The Amazing World of Gumball), "The Wand" (''The Amazing World of Gumball' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shinto
, also called Shintoism, is a religion originating in Japan. Classified as an East Asian religions, East Asian religion by Religious studies, scholars of religion, it is often regarded by its practitioners as Japan's indigenous religion and as a nature religion. Scholars sometimes call its practitioners ''Shintoists'', although adherents rarely use that term themselves. With no central authority in control of Shinto, there is much diversity of belief and practice evident among practitioners. A polytheism, polytheistic and animism, animistic religion, Shinto revolves around supernatural entities called the (神). The are believed to inhabit all things, including forces of nature and prominent landscape locations. The are worshipped at household shrines, family shrines, and Shinto shrine, ''jinja'' public shrines. The latter are staffed by priests, known as , who oversee offerings of food and drink to the specific enshrined at that location. This is done to cultivate harmony ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exorcism In Shinto
Exorcism () is the religious or spiritual practice of evicting demons, jinns, or other malevolent spiritual entities from a person, or an area, that is believed to be possessed. Depending on the spiritual beliefs of the exorcist, this may be done by causing the entity to swear an oath, performing an elaborate ritual, or simply by commanding it to depart in the name of a higher power. The practice is ancient and part of the belief system of many cultures and religions. Christianity In Christianity, exorcism is the practice of casting out or getting rid of demons. In Christian practice, the person performing the exorcism, known as an exorcist, is a member of a Christian Church, or an individual thought to be graced with special powers or skills. The exorcist may use prayers and religious material, such as set formulae, gestures, symbols, sacred images, sacramentals, etc. The exorcist often invokes God, Jesus or several different angels and archangels to intervene with the exo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ventilation Fans
Ventilation may refer to: * Ventilation (physiology), the movement of air between the environment and the lungs via inhalation and exhalation ** Mechanical ventilation, in medicine, using artificial methods to assist breathing *** Respirator, a machine designed to move breathable air into and out of the lungs * Ventilation (architecture), the process of "changing" or replacing air in any space to provide high indoor air quality * Ventilation (firefighting), the expulsion of heat and smoke from a fire building * Ventilation (mining), flow of air to the underground workings of a mine of sufficient volume to dilute and remove noxious gases See also * Heat recovery ventilation * Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, the technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort * Mechanical fan * Reebok Ventilator, a shoe * Vent (other) Vent or vents may refer to: Science and technology Biology *Vent, the cloaca region of an animal * Vent DNA polymerase, a thermostabl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
