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Groupe Madrigall
Groupe Madrigall is a French publishing holding company. It is the parent company of several publishing houses and distribution companies including: Éditions Gallimard, Flammarion and Casterman. Groupe Madrigall is the third largest French publishing group. History Groupe Madrigall is a holding company founded in 1992. It is controlled by Antoine Gallimard, director of Éditions Gallimard, and his sister Isabelle Gallimard, director of Mercure de France. Groupe Madrigall took over a majority share in Éditions Gallimard in the late 1990s. At the end of the 1990s, the Gallimard family repurchased shares from two of the company's three main corporate shareholders, namely the Italian publisher Einaudi (then owned by the holding company of Silvio Berlusconi, Fininvest via Arnoldo Mondadori Editore) and the French media agency Havas. Havas was forced to sell its shares after it was ruled that Havas's merger with Vivendi rendered it a direct competitor. As a result, Madrigall had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Société Anonyme
The abbreviation S.A. or SA designates a type of limited company in certain countries, most of which have a Romance languages, Romance language as their official language and operate a derivative of the 1804, Napoleonic, civil law (legal system), civil law. Originally, shareholders could be anonymous and collect dividends by surrendering coupon (finance), coupons attached to their stock certificate, share certificates. Dividends were paid to whomever held the certificate. Since share certificates could be transferred privately, corporate management would not necessarily know who owned its shares – nor did anyone but the holders. As with bearer bonds, anonymous unregistered share ownership and dividend collection enabled money laundering, tax evasion, and concealed business transactions in general, so governments passed laws to audit the practice. Nowadays, shareholders of S.A.s are not anonymous, though shares can still be held by a holding company to obscure the benefici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Havas
Havas NV () is a French multinational corporation, multinational advertising agency, advertising and public relations company, with its registered office and head office in Puteaux, France. Havas operates in more than 100 countries. The group is structured into three main operational divisions, offering a wide range of services including Online advertising, digital advertising, direct marketing, media planning and buying, corporate communications, sales promotion, design, human resources, sports marketing, multimedia interactive communications, public relations, and innovation consulting. History The original Havas was the world's first news agency, created in 1835 by Charles-Louis Havas. The Agence France-Presse news agency comes from it. Havas was acquired by Vivendi in 1998, and renamed Vivendi Universal Publishing. VUP in turn merged with Lagardère Group, Lagardère to become Editis in 2004. The company which today bears the name Havas is itself a former subsidiary of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metz
Metz ( , , , then ) is a city in northeast France located at the confluence of the Moselle (river), Moselle and the Seille (Moselle), Seille rivers. Metz is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Moselle (department), Moselle Departments of France, department and the seat of the parliament of the Grand Est Regions of France, region. Located near the Tri-border area, tripoint along the junction of France, Germany and Luxembourg,Says J.M. (2010) La Moselle, une rivière européenne. Eds. Serpenoise. the city forms a central part of the European Greater Region and the SaarLorLux euroregion. Metz has a rich 3,000-year history,Bour R. (2007) Histoire de Metz, nouvelle édition. Eds. Serpenoise. having variously been a Celts, Celtic ''oppidum'', an important Gallo-Roman city,Vigneron B. (1986) Metz antique: Divodurum Mediomatricorum. Eds. Maisonneuve. the Merovingian capital of Austrasia,Huguenin A. (2011) Histoire du royaume mérovingien d'Austrasie. Eds. des Paraiges. p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bookstore
Bookselling is the commercial trading of books, which is the retail and distribution end of the publishing process. People who engage in bookselling are called booksellers, bookdealers, book people, bookmen, or bookwomen. History The founding of libraries in stimulated the energies of the Athenian booksellers. In Rome, toward the end of the republic, it became the fashion to have a library, and Roman booksellers carried on a flourishing trade. The spread of Christianity naturally created a great demand for copies of the Gospels and other sacred books, and, later on for missals and other devotional volumes for both church and private use. The modern system of bookselling dates from soon after the introduction of printing. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the Low Countries, for a time, became primary center of the bookselling world. Modern book selling has changed dramatically with the advent of the Internet. Major websites such as Amazon, eBay, and other big book d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electronic Publishing
Electronic publishing (also referred to as e-publishing, digital publishing, or online publishing) includes the digital publication of e-books, digital magazines, and the development of digital libraries and catalogues. It also includes the editing of books, journals, and magazines to be posted on a screen (computer, e-reader, tablet, or smartphone). About Electronic publishing has become common in scientific publishing where it has been argued that peer-reviewed scientific journals are in the process of being replaced by electronic publishing. It is also becoming common to distribute books, magazines, and newspapers to consumers through tablet reading devices, a market that is growing by millions each year, generated by online vendors such as Apple's iTunes bookstore, Amazon's bookstore for Kindle, and books in the Google Play Bookstore. Market research suggested that half of all magazine and newspaper circulation would be via digital delivery by the end of 2015 and that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agence France-Presse
Agence France-Presse (; AFP) is a French international news agency headquartered in Paris, France. Founded in 1835 as Havas, it is the world's oldest news agency. With 2,400 employees of 100 nationalities, AFP has an editorial presence in 260 cities across 150 countries. Its main regional headquarters are based in Nicosia, Montevideo, Hong Kong and Washington, D.C. AFP publishes stories, videos, photos and graphics in French, English, Arabic, Portuguese, Spanish, and German. Two-thirds of its turnover comes from its own commercial activities, with the remaining one-third being provided by the French government (amounting to 113.3 million euros in 2022) as compensation for carrying out its mission of general interest. In December 2024, AFP was ranked as the 27th most visited news site in the world, with over 105 million monthly readers. History Agence France-Presse has its origins in the Agence Havas, founded in 1835 in Paris by Charles-Louis Havas, making it the world's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Les Éditions De Minuit
Les Éditions de Minuit (, ''Midnight Press'') is a French publishing house. It was founded in 1941, during the French Resistance of World War II, and is still publishing books today. History Les Éditions de Minuit was founded by writer and illustrator Jean Bruller and writer Pierre de Lescure (1891–1963) in 1941 in Paris, during the German occupation of northern France (by November 1942, German forces occupied all of France). At the time, the media and all forms of publishing were controlled and censored by the Nazi occupiers. ''Les Éditions de Minuit'' was started to circumvent the censorship. It was an underground publisher until the liberation of Paris on 25 August 1944. '' Le Silence de la mer'' ''(The Silence of the Sea)'' (1942) by co-founder Bruller (who wrote under the pseudonym Vercors) was the first book published. Distribution, as with other Resistance texts, was based on being passed from person to person. ''Le Silence de la mer'' was followed in 1943 b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Éditions Denoël
Éditions Denoël is a French publishing house founded in 1930. Acquired by Éditions Gallimard in 1951, it publishes collections spanning fiction, non-fiction and comic books. It published some of the most important French authors of the interwar period, including Louis-Ferdinand Céline, Louis Aragon and Antonin Artaud. History In 1930 the Belgian Robert Denoël and the American Bernard Steele (1902–1979), founded Éditions Denoël-Steele, later shortened to Éditions Denoël.:228 It had its first success in 1932 with Céline's '' Voyage au bout de la nuit''. Other early success include Louis Aragon's ''Les Cloches de Bâle'' (1934), Antonin Artaud's ''Héliogabale ou l'anarchiste couronné'' (1934) and Céline's ''Mort à crédit'' (1936). Denoël can be considered unusual with respect to its diverse choice of publications. Until May 1940, for example, it published an anti-German political magazine as well as the anti-Semitic pamphlets of Céline and Lucien Rebatet. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallimard Jeunesse
Gallimard Jeunesse is a French publisher of children's books. It is a subsidiary of Éditions Gallimard. It is the publisher of the French versions of ''Harry Potter'' by J.K. Rowling, the catalogue of Roald Dahl, ''The Little Prince'' by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, ''Animorphs'' by Katherine Applegate, '' The English Roses'' and other books by Madonna, ''Winnie the Pooh'', and ''Pokémon''. Gallimard also publishes ''The Book of Time'' trilogy, by Guillaume Prévost (which includes '' The Book of Time'', '' The Gate of Days'' and '' The Circle of Gold''), and the birthplace of the encyclopaedic collection "Découvertes Gallimard". History In 1972, Birth of Gallimard's youth department, under the impetus of Pierre Marchand (1939-2002) and Jean-Olivier Héron. Launch of the 1000 Soleils collection based on great classics of literature (the first 4 titles are Le Lion by Joseph Kessel, L'enfant et la rivière by Henri Bosco, La guerre des boutons by Louis Pergaud, Le vieil hom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LVMH
LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton SE (), commonly known as LVMH, is a French multinational holding company and conglomerate that specializes in luxury goods and has its headquarters in Paris, France. The company was formed in 1987 through the merger of fashion house Louis Vuitton (founded in 1854) with Moët Hennessy, which had been established by the 1971 merger between the champagne producer Moët & Chandon (founded in 1743) and the cognac producer Hennessy (founded in 1765). In April 2023, LVMH became the first European company to surpass a valuation of $500 billion. In 2023, the company was ranked 47th in the Forbes Global 2000. LVMH controls around 60 subsidiaries that manage 75 luxury brands. In addition to Louis Vuitton and Moët Hennessy, LVMH's portfolio includes Christian Dior Couture, Givenchy, Fendi, Celine, Kenzo, Tiffany, Bulgari, Loewe, TAG Heuer, Marc Jacobs, Stella McCartney, Sephora and Loro Piana. The subsidiaries are often managed i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
