|
Goethe
Johann Wolfgang (von) Goethe (28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German polymath who is widely regarded as the most influential writer in the German language. His work has had a wide-ranging influence on Western literature, literary, Political philosophy#European Enlightenment, political, and Western philosophy, philosophical thought in the Western world from the late 18th century to the present.. A poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre-director, and critic, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe bibliography, his works include plays, poetry and aesthetic criticism, as well as treatises on botany, anatomy, and colour. Goethe took up residence in Weimar in 1775 following the success of his first novel, ''The Sorrows of Young Werther'' (1774), and joined a thriving intellectual and cultural environment under the patronage of Duchess Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Duchess Anna Amalia that formed the basis of Weimar Classicism. He was ennobled by Karl August, G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christiane Vulpius
Johanna Christiana Sophie Vulpius von Goethe (1 June 1765 – 6 June 1816) was the longtime lover and later wife of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Biography Vulpius spent her childhood in ''Luthergasse'', one of the oldest parts of Weimar. Her paternal ancestors had been academics for several generations. On her mother's side, she came from a family of artisans. Her father, Johann Friedrich Vulpius (1725–1786), who worked as an archivist (i.e., file copyist) in Weimar, had studied law for a few semesters but then dropped out of college. His position was poorly paid, and the family lived in difficult circumstances with six children. Her father sacrificed everything to enable his eldest son, Christian August Vulpius, Christian August, to pursue his education; who would later become a writer of popular historical novels and plays. After her father got fired from his job, Vulpius was forced to work as a maid. She was employed in a small Weimar cleaning workshop owned by Caroline Ber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Caspar Goethe
Johann Caspar Goethe (29 July 1710 – 25 May 1782) was a wealthy German jurist and royal councillor to the Kaiser of the Holy Roman Empire. His son, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, is considered one of the greatest German poets and authors of all time. Biography Johann Caspar Goethe was born in Frankfurt in 1710 as the youngest son of (1657–1730) and Cornelia Walther (1668–1754). Between 1725 and 1730, Goethe attended the Casimirianum gynmnasium in Coburg, after which he studied law, first in Giessen and for four years from 1731 in Leipzig. In 1738, he was awarded a doctorate of both laws in Giessen. Goethe then worked at the Reichskammergericht in Wetzlar. He became acquainted with the workings of the Perpetual Diet in Regensburg as well as the Aulic Council in Vienna, both important institutions of the Holy Roman Empire. Around 1740, Goethe undertook an educational tour of Italy about which he wrote a travel book in Italian titled ''"Viaggo per l'Italia"'' ("My Journe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weimar Classicism
Weimar Classicism () was a German literary and cultural movement, whose practitioners established a new humanism from the synthesis of ideas from Romanticism, Classicism, and the Age of Enlightenment. It was named after the city of Weimar in the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar because its leading authors lived there. The ''Weimarer Klassik'' movement began in 1771 when Duchess Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel invited the Seyler Theatre Company led by Abel Seyler, pioneers of the movement, to her court in Weimar. The Seyler company was soon thereafter followed by Christoph Martin Wieland, then Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Johann Gottfried Herder and finally Friedrich Schiller. The movement was eventually centred upon Goethe and Schiller, previously also exponents of the movement, during the period of 1786–1805. Development Background The German Enlightenment, called " neo-classical", burgeoned in the synthesis of Empiricism and Rationalism as developed by Christian Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Sorrows Of Young Werther
''The Sorrows of Young Werther'' (; ), or simply ''Werther'', is a 1774 epistolary novel by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Johann Wolfgang Goethe, which appeared as a revised edition in 1787. It was one of the main novels in the ''Sturm und Drang'' period in German literature, and influenced the later Romanticism, Romantic movement. Goethe, aged 24 at the time, finished ''Werther'' in five and a half weeks of intensive writing in January to March 1774. It instantly placed him among the foremost international literary celebrities and was among the best known of his works. The novel was inspired by Goethe's personal life, and involving love triangle, triangular relationships of real people. One triangular relationship involved Goethe, Christian Kestner, and Charlotte Buff (who married Kestner); and the other involved Goethe, Peter Anton Brentano, Maximiliane Brentano, Maximiliane von La Roche (who married Brentano), and Karl Wilhelm Jerusalem. Jerusalem died by suicide on the night of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weimar
Weimar is a city in the state (Germany), German state of Thuringia, in Central Germany (cultural area), Central Germany between Erfurt to the west and Jena to the east, southwest of Leipzig, north of Nuremberg and west of Dresden. Together with the neighbouring cities of Erfurt and Jena, it forms the central metropolitan area of Thuringia, with approximately 500,000 inhabitants. The city itself has a population of 65,000. Weimar is well known because of its cultural heritage and importance in German history. The city was a focal point of the German Enlightenment and home of the leading literary figures of Weimar Classicism, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller. In the 19th century, composers such as Franz Liszt made Weimar a music centre. Later, artists and architects including Henry van de Velde, Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Lyonel Feininger, and Walter Gropius came to the city and founded the Bauhaus movement, the most important German design school of the int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catharina Elisabeth Goethe
Catharina Elisabeth Goethe, born Catharina Elisabeth Textor, (19 February 1731 – 13 September 1808) was the mother of German playwright and poet Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and his sister Cornelia Schlosser. She was also known by the nickname Frau Aja and the title Frau Rat. Biography Catharina Elisabeth was born to and Anna Margaretha Lindheimer, daughter of lawyer Cornelius Lindheimer and his wife Elisabeth Catharina Lindheimer (née Seip), on 19 February 1731. She had eight siblings, four of whom survived, including politician and lawyer Johann Jost Textor. She married Johann Caspar Goethe, who was 21 years older than her, on 20 August 1748, after which she moved into his house on Großer Hirschgraben. Three months later, she became pregnant aged 18, and her son Johann Wolfgang was born at the house on 28 August 1749. Goethe was soon pregnant again, and gave birth to her second child, Cornelia, on 7 December 1750. 5 more children followed, but none survived to adul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sturm Und Drang
(, ; usually translated as "storm and stress") was a proto-Romanticism, Romantic movement in German literature and Music of Germany, music that occurred between the late 1760s and early 1780s. Within the movement, individual subjectivity and, in particular, extremes of emotion were given free expression in reaction to the perceived constraints of rationalism imposed by the Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment and associated aesthetic movements. The period is named after Friedrich Maximilian Klinger's Sturm und Drang (play), play of the same name, which was first performed by Abel Seyler's Seyler theatrical company, famed theatrical company in 1777. The philosopher Johann Georg Hamann is associated with ; other significant figures were Johann Anton Leisewitz, Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz, H. L. Wagner, and Friedrich Maximilian Klinger. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller were notable proponents of the movement early in their lives, although they ended their period ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe Bibliography
The following is a list of the major publications of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832). 142 volumes comprise the entirety of his literary output, ranging from the poetical to the philosophical, including 50 volumes of correspondence. Scientific texts *1784: Über den Granit (About the Granite) (published posthumously in 1878) *1786: Über den Zwischenkiefer der Menschen und der Tiere (About the premaxilla of humans and animals) *1790: ''Versuch die Metamorphose der Pflanzen zu erklären'' (''The Metamorphosis of Plants'') *1791-92: Beiträge zur Optik (Contributions to Optics) (2 volumes) *1810: ''Zur Farbenlehre'' (''The Theory of Colours'') Autobiographical *1811–1830: '' Aus meinem Leben: Dichtung und Wahrheit'' (''From my Life: Poetry and Truth'') autobiographical work in 4 volumes *1817: '' Italienische Reise'' (''Italian Journey''), journals *1836 and 1848: '' Gespräche mit Goethe'' (''Conversations with Goethe'') also translated as: ''Conversations with Eckermann ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
August Von Goethe
August von Goethe, portrait by Julie Gräfin Egloffstein Julius August Walther von Goethe (25 December 1789 – 27 October 1830) was the only one of the five children of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Christiane Vulpius to survive into adulthood. He was born in Weimar and served at the court of Karl August, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach. He studied law 1808-1809 at the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg. After that brief period, his primary employment was as a kind of personal secretary to his father. He accompanied him on his frequent trips and kept his travel diary. Like his parents, he had a penchant for alcohol, but unlike them, he had a tendency to be melancholic. At the age of 27, he married Ottilie von Pogwisch (1796–1872) on 17 Jun 1817 in Weimar. Although the marriage proved difficult, the couple had three children: Walther von Goethe, Wolfgang Maximilian von Goethe (1820–1883) and Alma Sedina Henriette Cornelia von Goethe (1827–1844). In 1830, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicholas Boyle
Nicholas Boyle FBA (born 18 June 1946) is an English literary critic. He is the emeritus Schröder Professor of German at the University of Cambridge and a fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge. He has written widely on German literature, intellectual history and religion and is known particularly for his award-winning extensive biography of Goethe (of which two of a projected three volumes have been published). Boyle became a fellow of the British Academy in 2000. Life and work Boyle was educated at King's School, Worcester, and Magdalene College, Cambridge, where he was awarded BA and PhD degrees. He was a research fellow at Magdalene from 1968 to 1972, before becoming respectively an assistant lecturer, lecturer, and reader in German at the University of Cambridge between 1972 and 2000. He was head of the German department at Cambridge between 1996 and 2001. Boyle's biography of Goethe currently runs to two volumes and he is writing the third. George Steiner has cal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchess Anna Amalia Of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (24 October 173910 April 1807), was a German princess and composer. She became the duchess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach by marriage, and was also regent of the states of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach from 1758 to 1775. She transformed her court and its surrounding into the most influential cultural center of Germany. Her invitation of Abel Seyler's theatre company in 1771 marked the start of Weimar Classicism, that would include such figures such as Wieland, Goethe, Herder and Schiller working under her protection. Family She was born in Wolfenbüttel, the third child of Karl I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Princess Philippine Charlotte of Prussia. Her maternal grandparents were Frederick William I of Prussia and Sophia Dorothea of Hanover. Her niece was Queen Caroline, wife of King George IV. Education Anna Amalia was well-educated as befitted a princess. She studied music with Friedrich Gottlob Fleischer and Ernst Wilhelm W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leipzig University
Leipzig University (), in Leipzig in Saxony, Germany, is one of the world's oldest universities and the second-oldest university (by consecutive years of existence) in Germany. The university was founded on 2 December 1409 by Frederick I, Elector of Saxony and his brother William II, Margrave of Meissen, and originally comprised the four scholastic faculties. Since its inception, the university has engaged in teaching and research for over 600 years without interruption. Famous alumni include Angela Merkel, Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Leopold von Ranke, Friedrich Nietzsche, Robert Schumann, Richard Wagner, Tycho Brahe, Georgius Agricola. The university is associated with ten Nobel laureates, most recently with Svante Pääbo who won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2022. History Founding and development until 1900 The university was modelled on the University of Prague, from which the German-speaking faculty members withdrew to Leipzig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
