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Gille Críst, Earl Of Menteith
Gille Críst is the first known Mormaer (in Scotland, a regional or provincial ruler, equivalent to Latin ''comes'', French '' comte'' and English ''earl'') of Menteith, but almost certainly not actually the first. He is named in a charter of King Máel Coluim IV, dated to 1164, regarding the restoration of Scone Priory, which had recently been destroyed by fire. He appears again in a charter of King William the Lion, dated 1175x1178, as one of the witnesses to a grant of privileges to the newly established burgh of Glasgow. Gille Críst had two known sons, Muireadhach Mór and Muireadhach Óg. He also had a daughter, Éua, who married Ailín II, Earl of Lennox. Gille Críst had died by 1189/1198, when Muireadhach Mór appears as Mormaer for the first time. Bibliography * Paul, James Balfour, ''The Scots Peerage ''The Scots Peerage'' is a nine-volume book series of the Scottish nobility compiled and edited by Sir James Balfour Paul, published in Edinburgh from 190 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mormaer
In early medieval Scotland, a mormaer was the Gaelic name for a regional or provincial ruler, theoretically second only to the King of Scots, and the senior of a '' Toísech'' (chieftain). Mormaers were equivalent to English earls or Continental counts, and the term is often translated into English as 'earl'. Name ''Mormaer'' (pl. ''mormaír'') and ''earl'' were respectively the Gaelic and Scots words used for the position also referred to in Latin as ''comes'' (pl. ''comites''), which originally meant "companion". That the words ''mormaer'' and ''comes'' were equivalent can be seen in the case of Ruadrí, Earl of Mar, who is described as ''mormaer'' when listed as a witness in a document recorded in the Gaelic language in 1130 or 1131, and as ''comes'' in a charter recorded in Latin between 1127 and 1131. The word ''earl'' was increasingly used in place of ''mormaer'' as Scots replaced Gaelic as the dominant vernacular language between the late 12th and late 13th centuries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glasgow
Glasgow is the Cities of Scotland, most populous city in Scotland, located on the banks of the River Clyde in Strathclyde, west central Scotland. It is the List of cities in the United Kingdom, third-most-populous city in the United Kingdom and the 27th-most-populous city in Europe, and comprises Wards of Glasgow, 23 wards which represent the areas of the city within Glasgow City Council. Glasgow is a leading city in Scotland for finance, shopping, industry, culture and fashion, and was commonly referred to as the "second city of the British Empire" for much of the Victorian era, Victorian and Edwardian eras. In , it had an estimated population as a defined locality of . More than 1,000,000 people live in the Greater Glasgow contiguous urban area, while the wider Glasgow City Region is home to more than 1,800,000 people (its defined functional urban area total was almost the same in 2020), around a third of Scotland's population. The city has a population density of 3,562 p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nobility From Stirling (council Area)
Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy. It is normally appointed by and ranked immediately below royalty. Nobility has often been an estate of the realm with many exclusive functions and characteristics. The characteristics associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles or simply formal functions (e.g., precedence), and vary by country and by era. Membership in the nobility, including rights and responsibilities, is typically hereditary and patrilineal. Membership in the nobility has historically been granted by a monarch or government, and acquisition of sufficient power, wealth, ownerships, or royal favour has occasionally enabled commoners to ascend into the nobility. There are often a variety of ranks within the noble class. Legal recognition of nobility has been much more common in monarchies, but nobility also existed in such regimes as the Dutch Republic (1581–1795), the Republic of Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Year Of Birth Unknown
A year is a unit of time based on how long it takes the Earth to orbit the Sun. In scientific use, the tropical year (approximately 365 solar days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 45 seconds) and the sidereal year (about 20 minutes longer) are more exact. The modern calendar year, as reckoned according to the Gregorian calendar, approximates the tropical year by using a system of leap years. The term 'year' is also used to indicate other periods of roughly similar duration, such as the lunar year (a roughly 354-day cycle of twelve of the Moon's phasessee lunar calendar), as well as periods loosely associated with the calendar or astronomical year, such as the seasonal year, the fiscal year, the academic year, etc. Due to the Earth's axial tilt, the course of a year sees the passing of the seasons, marked by changes in weather, the hours of daylight, and, consequently, vegetation and soil fertility. In temperate and subpolar regions around the planet, four seasons ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1180s Deaths
118 may refer to: * 118 (number) * AD 118 * 118 BC * 118 (TV series) * 118 (film) * 118 (Tees) Corps Engineer Regiment * 118 (Tees) Field Squadron, Royal Engineers * 118 Peitho, a main-belt asteroid See also * 11/8 (other) * Oganesson, synthetic chemical element with atomic number 118 {{Numberdis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mormaer Of Menteith
The Mormaer or Earl of Menteith was the ruler of the province of Menteith in the Middle Ages. The first mormaer is usually regarded as Gille Críst (or Gilchrist), simply because he is the earliest on record. The title was held in a continuous line from Gille Críst until Muireadhach IV (a.k.a. Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany), although the male line was broken on two occasions. A truncated version of the earldom was given two years later to Malise Graham, 1st Earl of Menteith, in compensation for loss of the Earldom of Strathearn, which was a likely result of the execution of the Duke of Albany. List of holders First line of mormaers/earls *Gille Críst, Earl of Menteith (Gilcrist) (d. 1189) * Muireadhach I, Earl of Menteith (d. 1213) * Muireadhach II, Earl of Menteith (d. 1234) * Isabella, Countess of Menteith **m. Walter Comyn, Lord of Badenoch assumed the peerage in her right. *Mary I, Countess of Menteith **m. Walter "Bailloch" Stewart Second line, Stewarts of Ment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Scots Peerage
''The Scots Peerage'' is a nine-volume book series of the Scottish nobility compiled and edited by Sir James Balfour Paul, published in Edinburgh from 1904 to 1914. The full title is ''The Scots Peerage: Founded on Wood's Edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland, containing an Historical and Genealogical Account of the Nobility of that Kingdom''. About The book series, which begins with the Kings of Scotland, is a comprehensive history of the Scottish peerage, including both extant and extinct titles. It also includes illustrations and blazons of each family's heraldic achievement: arms, crest, supporters and family mottos. Each entry is written by someone "specially acquainted with his subject, a feature of which the editor is justly proud", ''The Spectator'' noted on release of the third volume in 1906. The full title refers to the earlier work by Sir Robert Douglas, who in 1764 published a one-volume book, ''The Peerage of Scotland''. He was working on a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Balfour Paul
Sir James Balfour Paul (16 November 1846 – 15 September 1931) was the Lord Lyon King of Arms, the officer responsible for heraldry in Scotland, from 1890 until the end of 1926. Life James Balfour Paul was educated at Royal High School, Edinburgh, Royal High School and University of Edinburgh. He was admitted an advocate in 1870. Thereafter, he was Registrar of Friendly society, Friendly Societies (1879–1890), Treasurer of the Faculty of Advocates (1883–1902), and appointed Lord Lyon King of Arms in 1890. He was created a Knight Bachelor in the 1900 New Year Honours list, and received the knighthood on 9 February 1900. Among his works was ''The Scots Peerage'', a nine-volume series published from 1904 to 1914. Heraldic cases As Lord Lyon, Sir James presided over two particularly notable heraldic cases in Court of the Lord Lyon. In the first case, ''Petition MacRae'', 22 April 1909, Sir Colin MacRae of Inverinate petitioned the Court of the Lord Lyon, seeking recognition of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ailín II, Earl Of Lennox
Mormaer Ailín II of Lennox (also known as Ailean or Alwyn) was the son of Mormaer Ailín I, and ruled Lennox from somewhere in the beginning of the 13th century until his death in 1217. Unlike many other Scottish Mormaers, he played little role in the wider society of the Scottish kingdom. Lennox at the time was a frontier region between the Scottish Gaelic lands of central Scotland and the Norse Gaelic lands of Argyll, and the Mormaerdom seems to have lacked the status accorded to the other Mormaerdoms. Either because of this lack of status, or because of the lack of interest in national affairs, Ailin's attendance was not recorded at the coronation of King Alexander II, at Scone A scone ( or ) is a traditional British and Irish baked good, popular in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It is usually made of either wheat flour or oatmeal, with baking powder as a leavening agent, and baked on sheet pans. A scone is often ... in 1215. Ailin was father of ten sons, one of wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muireadhach II, Earl Of Menteith
Muireadach II of Menteith (also written as ''Murethach'', ''Murdoch'' or ''Maurice''), ruled 1213–1231, was the son of Gille Críst and the third known Mormaer of Menteith. Muireadach gained the Mormaerdom by challenging the rights of the current Mormaer, his elder brother, also called Muireadhach, hence Muireadhch Mór (in English, "the elder"). The case apparently went to arbitration, and the king decided on the right of Muireadhch Óg. On 13 December 1213, Muireadhach Mór resigned the Mormaerdom, taking lesser lands and titles in compensation. Muireadhach Óg was one of the seven mormaers present at the coronation of King Alexander II of Scotland in 1214, and Muireadhach accompanied the king in the funeral cortège of his father and predecessor, King William of Scotland. Muireadhach Óg appears again in the company of the king in 1224, when he appears on a charter issued at Stirling granting rights to Paisley Abbey. In a document dating to 1226, Muireadach is referred to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muireadhach I, Earl Of Menteith
Muireadhach I (also written as ''Murethach'', ''Murdoch'' or ''Maurice'') is the second known Mormaer of Menteith. He succeeded his father Gille Críst by the time of his appearance in a charter of William the Lion confirming the church at Moulin to Dunfermline Abbey. The charter is undated, but must have been written between 1189 and 1198. He appears again in a charter agreement between Gilbert, Prior of St Andrews, and the local ''Céli Dé'' dating sometime after 1198. Muireadhach Mór's right to the Mormaerdom was challenged at some stage by his younger brother, also called Muireadhach, hence Muireadhach Óg (in English, "the younger"). The case apparently went to arbitration, and the king decided on the right of Muireadhch Óg. On 13 December 1213, Muireadhach Mór resigned the Mormaerdom, taking lesser lands and titles in compensation. It is not known for how long Muireadhach Mór lived, nor is it known if he had any wives or offspring. Bibliography * Paul, James Balfo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
