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Germinal Choice Technology
Germinal may refer to: *Germinal (French Republican Calendar), the seventh month of the calendar, approximately March 21 - April 19 Émile Zola * ''Germinal'' (novel), an 1885 novel by Émile Zola ** ''Germinal'' (1913 film), a French silent film based on the Zola novel directed by Albert Capellani ** ''Germinal'' (1963 film), a French film based on the Zola novel directed by Yves Allégret ** ''Germinal'' (1993 film), a French film based on the Zola novel directed by Claude Berri Medicine * Germinal epithelium (other), either: ** Germinal epithelium (male), a layer of cells covering the testicle ** Germinal epithelium (female), a layer of cells covering the ovary ** Germinal epithelium or germ layer, a layer of cells formed during animal embryogenesis * Germinal center Germinal centers or germinal centres (GCs) are transiently formed structures within B cell zone (follicles) in secondary lymphoid organs – lymph nodes, ileal Peyer's patches, and the spleen � ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germinal (French Republican Calendar)
Germinal () is the seventh month in the French Republican Calendar. The month was named after the Latin word ''germen'' 'germination'. Germinal was the first month of the spring quarter (''mois de printemps''). It started March 21 or March 22, and ended April 19 or April 20. It follows Ventôse and precedes Floréal. In the context of the French Revolution, ''Germinal'' sometimes refers to the downfall and execution of the Indulgents, Georges Danton and Camille Desmoulins, which took place during Germinal of 1794, four months before the Thermidorian Reaction in which Maximilien Robespierre, Robespierre himself was executed. The events of Germinal 1794 signaled the beginning of the end of the Reign of Terror. Day name table Like all FRC months, Germinal lasted 30 days and was divided into three 10-day weeks called ''décades'' (decades). Every day had the name of an agricultural plant, except the 5th (Quintidi) and 10th day (Decadi) of every decade, which had the name of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germinal (novel)
''Germinal'' is the thirteenth novel in Émile Zola's twenty-volume series '' Les Rougon-Macquart''. Often considered Zola's masterpiece and one of the most significant novels in the French tradition, the novel – an uncompromisingly harsh and realistic story of a coalminers' strike in northern France in the 1860s – has been published and translated in over one hundred countries. It has also inspired five film adaptations and two television productions. ''Germinal'' was written between April 1884 and January 1885. It was first serialized between November 1884 and February 1885 in the periodical '' Gil Blas'', then in March 1885 published as a book. The title () refers to the name of a month of the French Republican Calendar, a spring month. ''Germen'' is a Latin word which means "seed"; the novel describes the hope for a better future that seeds amongst the miners. As the final lines of the novel read: Plot summary The novel's central character is Étienne Lant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germinal (1913 Film)
''Germinal'' is a 1913 black and white silent French language French film written and directed by Albert Capellani. It was released in the United States in 1914 as ''Germinal; or, The Toll of Labor''. It is an adaptation of the 1885 novel '' Germinal'' by Emile Zola. With a running time of 140 minutes, it is one of the first films produced with a length of over two hours. Synopsis The year is 1863. Étienne Lantier gets work as a mineworker after having been fired from his job on the railroad for revolutionary behavior. Disheartened by the conditions in the mines, he returns to his revolutionary ideas and leads a strike of the mineworkers. Soldiers are brought in to quell the strike. Cast * Henry Krauss: Étienne Lantier * Auguste Mévisto: Catherine Maheu * Albert Bras: Hennebeau * Paul Escoffier: Henri Negrel * Jeanne Cheirel Jeanne Cheirel (born Jeanne Augustine Baltazar; 18 March 1869 – 2 November 1934) was a French film and stage actress. Greco p.189 She was in the o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germinal (1963 Film)
''Germinal'' is a 1963 French language French-Italian-Hungarian film directed by Yves Allégret. It is an adaptation of the 1885 novel '' Germinal'' by Emile Zola. Plot The year is 1863. Étienne Lantier gets work as a mineworker after having been fired from his job on the railroad for revolutionary behavior. Disheartened by the conditions in the mines, he returns to his revolutionary ideas and leads a strike of the mineworkers. Soldiers are brought in to quell the strike. Cast * Jean Sorel as Étienne Lantier, a new young miner * Berthe Granval as Catherine Maheu, a young woman * Claude Brasseur as Marcel (or Martin) Chaval, a miner in love with Catherine * Bernard Blier as Hennebeau, the owner of a mineshaft * Claude Cerval as Victor Maigrat, a businessman * Philippe Lemaire as Henri Negrel, an engineer * Jacqueline Porel as Mme Maigrat * Lea Padovani as La Maheude * Pierre Destailles as Raseneur, an innkeeper * Paulette Dubost as Rose, Hennebeau's servant * Gabrielle Dorz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germinal (1993 Film)
''Germinal'' is a 1993 French-Belgian epic film based on the 1885 novel by Émile Zola. It was directed by Claude Berri, and stars Renaud, Miou-Miou and Gérard Depardieu. At the time it was the most expensive movie ever produced in France. It was the fourth most attended film of the year in France. It won the César Award for Best Cinematography and Best Costume Design, and was nominated for Best Film, Best Actress, Best Supporting Actor, Best Supporting Actress, Best Director, Best Original Screenplay or Adaptation, Best Sound, Best Editing, Best Music and Best Production Design. The film was selected as the French entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 66th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. The film, set in the nineteenth century, closely follows the plot of the novel, which is a realistic story of a coalminers' strike in northern France in the 1860s. Synopsis The film takes place in Northern France in a coal mining town during the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germinal Epithelium (other)
Germinal epithelium can refer to: * Germinal epithelium (female), a layer of cells covering the ovary * Germinal epithelium (male), a layer of cells covering the testicle * Germ layer, primary tissue layer formed during embryogenesis in animals See also * Germinal (other) * Epithelium Epithelium or epithelial tissue is a thin, continuous, protective layer of cells with little extracellular matrix. An example is the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. Epithelial ( mesothelial) tissues line the outer surfaces of man ... {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germinal Epithelium (male)
The germinal epithelium is the epithelial layer of the seminiferous tubules of the testicles. It is also known as the wall of the seminiferous tubules. The cells in the epithelium are connected via tight junctions. There are two types of cells in the germinal epithelium. The large Sertoli cells (not dividing) function as supportive cells to the developing sperm. The second cell type is the cells belonging to the spermatogenic cell lineage. These eventually develop into sperm cells (spermatozoon A spermatozoon (; also spelled spermatozoön; : spermatozoa; ) is a motile sperm cell (biology), cell produced by male animals relying on internal fertilization. A spermatozoon is a moving form of the ploidy, haploid cell (biology), cell that is ...). Typically, the spermatogenic cells will make four to eight layers in the germinal epithelium.Junqueira's Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, Thirteenth Edition References External links * - "Male Reproductive System: testis, germinal ep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germinal Epithelium (female)
The ovarian surface epithelium, also called the germinal epithelium of Waldeyer, or coelomic epithelium, is a layer of simple squamous-to- cuboidal epithelial cells covering the ovary. The term ''germinal epithelium'' is a misnomer as it does not give rise to primary follicles. Composition These cells are derived from the mesoderm during embryonic development and are closely related to the mesothelium of the peritoneum. The germinal epithelium gives the ovary a dull gray color as compared with the shining smoothness of the peritoneum; and the transition between the mesothelium The mesothelium is a membrane composed of simple squamous epithelium, simple squamous epithelial cells of mesodermal origin, which forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (pleural cavity around the lungs), peritoneum (abdominopelvic ... of the peritoneum and the cuboidal cells which cover the ovary is usually marked by a line around the anterior border of the ovary. Diseases Ovarian surface ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germ Layer
A germ layer is a primary layer of cell (biology), cells that forms during embryonic development. The three germ layers in vertebrates are particularly pronounced; however, all eumetazoans (animals that are sister taxa to the sponges) produce two or three primary germ layers. Some animals, like cnidarians, produce two germ layers (the ectoderm and endoderm) making them diploblastic. Other animals such as bilaterians produce a third layer (the mesoderm) between these two layers, making them triploblastic. Germ layers eventually give rise to all of an animal's Tissue (biology), tissues and organ (anatomy), organs through the process of organogenesis. History Caspar Friedrich Wolff observed organization of the early embryo in leaf-like layers. In 1817, Heinz Christian Pander discovered three primordial germ layers while studying chick embryos. Between 1850 and 1855, Robert Remak had further refined the germ cell layer (''Keimblatt'') concept, stating that the external, internal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germinal Center
Germinal centers or germinal centres (GCs) are transiently formed structures within B cell zone (follicles) in secondary lymphoid organs – lymph nodes, ileal Peyer's patches, and the spleen – where mature B cells are activated, proliferate, differentiate, and mutate their antibody genes (through somatic hypermutation aimed at achieving higher affinity) during a normal immune response; most of the germinal center B cells (BGC) are removed by tingible body macrophages. There are several key differences between naive B cells and GC B cells, including level of proliferative activity, size, metabolic activity and energy production. The B cells develop dynamically after the activation of follicular B cells by T-dependent antigen. The initiation of germinal center formation involves the interaction between B and T cells in the interfollicular area of the lymph node, CD40-CD40L ligation, NF-kB signaling and expression of IRF4 and BCL6. GC B cells cycle through the two distinct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germinal (journal)
''Germinal'' (זשערמינאל, also transliterated as ''Zsherminal'') was a Yiddish-language anarchist journal in London edited by the German-born Rudolf Rocker. It appeared from 1900 to 1903, and then again from 1905 to 1908. History In 1898, the Yiddish anarchist newspaper '' Arbeter Fraynd'' hired Rudolf Rocker, a non-Jew, who had just started learning the language, as its editor. However, despite an intervention by Emma Goldman and the devotion of many activists trying to save the paper, it had to be shut down for financial reasons in January 1900. Yet, the Jewish anarchists who published ''Arbeter Fraynd'' were unwilling to be left without any means of spreading their message. Therefore, Rocker, with the assistance of a young printer known as Israel Narodiczky, founded the sixteen-page journal, which was published every fortnight and named after Émile Zola's novel of the same name. Compared to ''Arbeter Fraynd'', it was directed at a more intellectual audience and dea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
