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Gedera
Gedera, or less commonly known as Gdera (), is a town in the southern part of the Shfela region in the Central District of Israel founded in 1884. It is south of Rehovot. In , it had a population of . History Gedera is in the Book of Chronicles I 4:23 and the Book of Joshua 15:36 as a town in the territory of Judah. Its identification with the site of modern Gedera was proposed by Victor Guérin in the 19th century, but was dismissed as "impossible" by William F. Albright who preferred to identify it with al-Judeira. Biblical Gedera is now identified with Khirbet Judraya, south of Bayt Nattif. Tel Qatra, which lies at the northern edge of Gedera, is usually identified with Kedron, a place fortified by the Seleucids against the Hasmonaeans (1 Macc. 15:39–41, 16:9). It has also been identified with Gedrus, a large village in the time of Eusebius (fourth century). Eusebius identified Gedrus with biblical Gedor, which is a name also appearing on the Madaba map, but seve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gedera & Qatra 1930
Gedera, or less commonly known as Gdera (), is a local council (Israel), town in the southern part of the Shfela region in the Central District (Israel), Central District of Israel founded in 1884. It is south of Rehovot. In , it had a population of . History Gedera is in the Books of Chronicles, Book of Chronicles I 4:23 and the Book of Joshua 15:36 as a town in the territory of Tribe of Judah, Judah. Its identification with the site of modern Gedera was proposed by Victor Guérin in the 19th century, but was dismissed as "impossible" by William F. Albright who preferred to identify it with al-Judeira. Biblical Gedera is now identified with Khirbet Judraya, south of Bayt Nattif. Tel Qatra, which lies at the northern edge of Gedera, is usually identified with Kedron, a place fortified by the Seleucids against the Hasmonaeans (1 Macc. 15:39–41, 16:9). It has also been identified with Gedrus, a large village in the time of Eusebius (fourth century). Eusebius identified Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Local Council (Israel)
Local councils (; singular: ; ; singular: ) are one of the three types of local government found in Israel, the other two being list of cities in Israel, cities and Regional council (Israel), regional councils. There are 124 local councils in Israel, including 69 Arab citizens of Israel, Arab local councils. History Local council status is determined by passing a minimum threshold: enough to justify operations as independent municipal units, although not of a scale large enough to be declared a city. In general this applies to all settlements of over 2,000 people. The Israeli Interior Minister of Israel, Interior Minister has the authority of to decide if a locality meets the requirements of a municipal council (a city council (Israel), city). The minister then reviews the residents request, which may include the locality remaining a local council despite meeting the city status requirements (e.g., Ramat HaSharon, which did not become a city until 2002 due to its residents want ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor Guérin
Victor Guérin (; 15 September 1821 – 21 September 1890) was a French people, French intellectual, explorer and amateur archaeologist. He published books describing the geography, archeology and history of the areas he explored, which included Greece, Asia Minor, North Africa, Lebanon, Syria (region), Syria and Palestine (region), Palestine. Biography Victor Guérin, a devout Catholic, graduated from the ''École normale supérieure'' in Paris in 1840. After graduation, he began working as a teacher of rhetoric and member of faculty in various colleges and high schools in France, then in French Algeria, Algeria in 1850, and 1852 he became a member of the French School of Athens. While exploring Samos, he identified the spring that feeds the Tunnel of Eupalinos and the beginnings of the channel. His doctoral thesis of 1856 dealt with the coastal region of Palestine, from Khan Yunis to Mount Carmel. Guerin died on 21 September 1891 in Paris. Academic and archaeology career He wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bnai Brith
B'nai B'rith International ( ; from ) is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit Jewish service organization and was formerly a cultural association for German Jewish immigrants to the United States. B'nai B'rith states that it is committed to the security and continuity of the Jewish people and the State of Israel and combating antisemitism and other forms of bigotry. Although the organization's historic roots stem from a system of fraternal lodges and units in the late 19th century, as fraternal organizations declined throughout the United States, the organization evolved into a dual system of both lodges and units. The membership pattern became more common to other contemporary organizations of members affiliated by contribution in addition to formal dues paying members. B'nai B'rith has members, donors and supporters around the world. History B'nai B'rith was founded in Aaron Sinsheimer's café in New York City's Lower East Side on 13 October 1843, by 12 recent German Jewish imm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hovevei Zion
The Lovers of Zion, also ''Hovevei Zion'' () or ''Hibbat Zion'' (, ), were a variety of proto-Zionist organizations founded in 1881 in response to the anti-Jewish pogroms in the Russian Empire and were officially constituted as a group at a conference led by Leon Pinsker in 1884. The organizations are now considered the forerunners and foundation-builders of modern Zionism. Many of the first groups were established in Eastern European countries in the early 1880s with the aim to promote Jewish immigration to Palestine, and advance Jewish settlement there, particularly agricultural. Most of them stayed away from politics. History 19th century Palestine was inhabited by Muslims, Armenians, Christians, and Jews. As early as 1840 Moses Montefiore advocated for the Jews in the Ottoman Empire, which controlled the areas of Palestine, meeting with British consul Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston to get Muhammad Ali of Egypt and Abdülmecid I, sultan of the Ottoman Empir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yechiel Michel Pines
Yechiel Michel Pines ( ) (; 18 September 1824 – 15 March 1913) was a Russian-born religious Zionist rabbi, writer, and community leader in the Old Yishuv. Life Yechiel Michel Pines was born at Ruzhinoy, near Grodno. He was the son of Noah Pines and the son-in-law of Shemariah Luria, rabbi of Mogilev. He received both a religious and secular Jewish education, and was mentored by Rabbi Mordechai Gimpel Jaffe, an early leader of Ḥovevei Zion. He later became a merchant, giving lectures at the same time in the yeshiva of his native town. He was elected delegate to a conference held in London by the association Mazkereth Moshe, for the establishment of charitable institutions in Palestine in commemoration of the name of Sir Moses Montefiore. In 1878 he settled in Jerusalem, at the home of his relative Yosef Rivlin, to establish and organize such institutions. At the end of his life, Pines was an instructor in Talmud at the Hebrew Teachers' Seminary in Jerusalem. Legacy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilu (movement)
Bilu (; also Palestine Pioneers) was a Jewish movement of the late 19th century, fueled predominantly by the immigration of Russian Jews, whose goal was the agricultural settlement of the Land of Israel. Its members were known as Bilu'im, and the movement sought to inspire Jews to migrate to Ottoman Palestine. The Bilu'im rejected progressive notions such as Emancipation and assimilation as viable options for Jewish survival. The movement collapsed as a result of the challenging farming conditions in Palestine and a lack of funding to sustain the settlers. Etymology Originally the movement was called Davio, an acronym of the Hebrew words from the Book of Exodus: "Speak unto the children of Israel that they will go forward." The movement's name was later changed by its founder, Israel Belkind, to "Bilu", which is an acronym based on a Verse (bible), verse from the Book of Isaiah (Isaiah 2:5, 2:5) "בית יעקב לכו ונלכה" Beit Ya'akov Lekhu Venelkha ("House of Jacob, l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qatra
Qatra () was a Palestinian Arab village in the Ramle Subdistrict, located southwest of the city of Ramla and west of Jerusalem, some above sea level.Bromiley, 1994, pp. 5-6. It was depopulated in May 1948. History Qatra was a Canaanite center of political and economic authority that along with 30 other urban sites in regions bordering the Mediterranean Sea, entered a period of decline in the Late Bronze Age between 1250 and 1150 BCE.Zevit, 2003, p. 94. Qatra is also tentatively identified with the Hellenistic city of Kidron (Cidron, Gedrus) mentioned in the first Book of the Maccabees (15:39, 41; 16:9), and it has been postulated that its name derives from the Hebrew name for Kidron, ''Qiṭrôn''. Others have suggested that Qatra (Katra) is merely a corruption of the biblical Gederoth mentioned in , hence the use of the name in the Gederot Regional Council. Qatra has been named as the place of origin of a holy man named Sheikh ''Ahmad al-Qatrawani'', who set out from the v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palestinians
Palestinians () are an Arab ethnonational group native to the Levantine region of Palestine. *: "Palestine was part of the first wave of conquest following Muhammad's death in 632 CE; Jerusalem fell to the Caliph Umar in 638. The indigenous population, descended from Jews, other Semitic groups, and non-Semitic groups such as the Philistines, had been mostly Christianized. Over succeeding centuries it was Islamicized, and Arabic replaced Aramaic (a Semitic tongue closely related to Hebrew) as the dominant language" * : "Palestinians are the descendants of all the indigenous peoples who lived in Palestine over the centuries; since the seventh century, they have been predominantly Muslim in religion and almost completely Arab in language and culture." * : "Furthermore, Zionism itself was also defined by its opposition to the indigenous Palestinian inhabitants of the region. Both the 'conquest of land' and the 'conquest of labor' slogans that became central to the dominant stra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Bronze Age
The Bronze Age () was a historical period characterised principally by the use of bronze tools and the development of complex urban societies, as well as the adoption of writing in some areas. The Bronze Age is the middle principal period of the three-age system, following the Stone Age and preceding the Iron Age. Conceived as a global era, the Bronze Age follows the Neolithic, with a transition period between the two known as the Chalcolithic. The final decades of the Bronze Age in the Mediterranean basin are often characterised as a period of widespread societal collapse known as the Late Bronze Age collapse (), although its severity and scope are debated among scholars. An ancient civilisation is deemed to be part of the Bronze Age if it either produced bronze by smelting its own copper and alloying it with tin, arsenic, or other metals, or traded other items for bronze from producing areas elsewhere. Bronze Age cultures were the first to develop writing. According to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madaba Map
The Madaba Map, also known as the Madaba Mosaic Map, is part of a floor mosaic in the early Byzantine church of Saint George in Madaba, Jordan. The mosaic map depicts an area from Lebanon in the north to the Nile Delta in the south, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the west to the Eastern Desert. It contains the oldest surviving original cartographic depiction of the Holy Land and especially Jerusalem. The map dates to the sixth century AD. History The Madaba Mosaic Map depicts Jerusalem with the New Church of the Theotokos, which was dedicated on 20 November 542. Buildings erected in Jerusalem after 570 are absent from the depiction, thus limiting the date range of its creation to the period between 542 and 570. The mosaic was made by unknown artists, probably for the Christian community of Madaba, which was the seat of a bishop at that time. In 614, Madaba was conquered by the Sasanian Empire. In the eighth century, the ruling Muslim Umayyad Caliphate had some figura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
