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García Sánchez II Of Pamplona
García Sánchez II (Basque: ''Gartzea II.a Santxez''; died ), was King of Pamplona and Count of Aragon from 994 until his death . He was the eldest son of Sancho II of Pamplona and Urraca Fernández and the second Pamplonese monarch to also hold the title of count of Aragon. Modern historians refer to him as ''the Tremulous'', though this appellation likely originally applied to his grandfather, García Sánchez I of Pamplona. Biography Throughout his reign, his foreign policy seems to have been closely linked to that of Castile. His mother was an aunt of count Sancho García of Castile, and also of the powerful count of Saldaña, García Gómez of Carrión, and she appears to have played a role in forming a bridge between the kingdom and county. He joined his cousin Sancho in attempting to break from the submission his father had offered to Córdoba, as a result of which he had to face Almanzor. In 996 he was forced to seek peace in Córdoba. In 997 during an exped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Navarrese Monarchs
This is a list of the kings and queens of kingdom of Pamplona, Pamplona, later kingdom of Navarre, Navarre. Pamplona was the primary name of the kingdom until its union with Kingdom of Aragon, Aragon (1076–1134). However, the territorial designation Navarre came into use as an alternative name in the late tenth century, and the name Pamplona was retained well into the twelfth century. House of Íñiguez, 824?–905 The Íñiguez dynasty are credited with founding the Navarrese kingdom (of Pamplona) in or around 824 when they are said to have risen against an attempt to extend Franks, Frankish (Carolingian) authority into the region. The Cordoban sources referred to them as sometimes-rebellious vassals, rather than in the manner used to refer to the Christian realms outside their control. They were supplanted in 905 when an anti-Cordoba coalition placed the succeeding Jiménez dynasty in power. House of Jiménez dynasty, Jiménez, 905–1234 In 905, a coalition of neighbors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir
Abu ʿĀmir Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh ibn Abi ʿĀmir al-Maʿafiri (), nicknamed al-Manṣūr (, "the Victorious"), which is often Latinized as Almanzor in Spanish, Almansor in Catalan and Almançor in Portuguese ( 938 – 8 August 1002), was a Muslim Arab Andalusi military leader and statesman. As the chancellor of the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba and '' hajib'' (chamberlain) for Caliph Hisham II, Almanzor was effectively ruler of Islamic Iberia. Born in Turrush to a family of Yemeni Arab origin with some juridical ancestors, ibn Abi ʿĀmir left for Córdoba when still young to be trained as a '' faqīh''. After a few humble beginnings, he joined the court administration and soon gained the confidence of Subh, mother of the children of Caliph Al-Hakam II. Thanks to her patronage and his own efficiency, he quickly expanded his role. During the caliphate of Al-Hakam II, he held several important administrative positions, including director of the mint (967), administ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonso V Of León
Alfonso V (c. 9947 August 1028), called the Noble, was King of León from 999 to 1028. Like other kings of León, he used the title emperor () to assert his standing among the Christian rulers of Spain. He succeeded his father, Bermudo II, in 999. His mother Elvira García and count Menendo González, who raised him in Galicia, acted as his co-regents. Upon the count's death in 1008, Alfonso ruled on his own. Reign Alfonso began the work of reorganizing the Christian kingdom of the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula after a most disastrous period of civil war and Arab inroads. Enough is known of him to justify the belief that he had some of the qualities of a soldier and a statesman. His name and that of his wife are associated with the grant of the first franchises of León (1017). On Wednesday, 7 August 1028, Alfonso V was killed by an arrow while besieging the Muslim-occupied town of Viseu. King Alfonso was buried next to his first wife Elvira, according to his wishes, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monastery Of Leyre
The Monastery of San Salvador of Leyre (; ) is a religious complex to the south of the Sierra de Leyre, in northern Navarre, Spain, representing one of the most important historical monasteries of Spain. History The oldest records of the site date from 842, when Íñigo Arista, considered the first king of Pamplona, and Wilesindo, Bishop of Pamplona, made a donation to the monastery. The monastery grew in importance thereafter, acquiring numerous properties and wealth during the first and middle stages of the Kingdom of Navarre, thanks to the privileges and donations made by the Navarrese kings. The monastery was expanded in the twelfth century. Several kings of Navarre were buried there. Since then it has been in various states of repair, undergoing many expansions and remodelling (the most extensive carried out in the sixteenth century, when almost the entire monastery was rebuilt). Romanesque architecture pieces have survived until the present day (such as the church, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Navarre
The Kingdom of Navarre ( ), originally the Kingdom of Pamplona, occupied lands on both sides of the western Pyrenees, with its northernmost areas originally reaching the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay), between present-day Spain and France. The medieval state took form around the city of Pamplona during the first centuries of the Iberian Reconquista. The kingdom had its origins in the conflict in the buffer region between the Carolingian Empire and the Umayyad dynasty, Ummayad Emirate of Córdoba that controlled most of the Iberian Peninsula. The city of Pamplona (; ), had been the main city of the indigenous Vascones, Vasconic population and was located in a predominantly Basque-speaking area. In an event traditionally dated to 824, Íñigo Arista of Pamplona, Íñigo Arista was elected or declared ruler of the area around Pamplona in opposition to Francia, Frankish expansion into the region, originally as vassal to the Córdoba emirate. This polity evolved into the Kingdom of Pam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of León
The Kingdom of León was an independent kingdom situated in the northwest region of the Iberian Peninsula. It was founded in 910 when the Christian princes of Kingdom of Asturias, Asturias along the Bay of Biscay, northern coast of the peninsula shifted their capital from Oviedo to the city of León, Spain, León. The List of Leonese monarchs, kings of León fought civil wars, wars against neighbouring kingdoms, and campaigns to repel invasions by both the Moors and the Vikings, all in order to protect their kingdom's changing fortunes. García I of León, García is the first of the kings described by the charters as reigning in León. It is generally assumed that the old Asturian kingdom was divided among the three sons of Alfonso III of Asturias: García (León), Ordoño II of León, Ordoño (Galicia (Spain), Galicia) and Fruela II of Asturias, Fruela (Asturias), as all three participated in deposing their father. When García died in 914, León went to Ordoño, who now ruled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fernando Bermúdez De Cea
Fernando Bermúdez (died 978), second Count of Cea, was the son of Bermudo Núñez and his wife Argilo. As the father of a queen of Navarre, and therefore, ancestor of many royal houses, Fernando was a distinguished member of the highest ranks of the nobility of the Kingdom of León. Biographical sketch The firstborn of count Bermudo Núñez, he inherited many properties from his father and also from his uncle Oveco Núñez, Bishop of León, and appears as ''Fredenando Vermudiz'' in a donation made on 28 August 945 by the bishop to the Monastery of Sahagún. The relationship is also confirmed in a charter dated 984 when it mentions that this monastery had acquired a certain property from count Fernando Bermúdez that had previously belonged to the bishop. He spent his first years in Asturias where he had vast holdings, some of which had been donated by Queen Urraca, the widow of King Fruela II of Asturias, and by the ''Infantes'' Ramiro and Ordoño Froilaz, as attested in an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muslim
Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God in Abrahamic religions, God of Abraham (or ''Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the last Islamic prophet. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous Islamic holy books, revelations, such as the Tawrat (Torah), the Zabur (Psalms), and the Injeel (Gospel). These earlier revelations are associated with Judaism and Christianity, which are regarded by Muslims as earlier versions of Islam. The majority of Muslims also follow the teachings and practices attributed to Muhammad (''sunnah'') as recorded in traditional accounts (hadith). With an estimated population of almost 2 billion followers, Muslims comprise around 26% of the world's total population. In descending order, the percentage of people who identify as Muslims on each ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sancho Ramírez Of Viguera
Sancho Ramírez (Basque: ''Antso Ramirez''; dead c. 1002) was the second King of Viguera, from 981 until his death c. 1002. He was the eldest son of Ramiro Garcés, the first king of Viguera, and also grandson of García Sánchez I of Pamplona. Little is known about his reign in Viguera. Following the death of his father, he appears in documents with his uncle Sancho II Garcés and his brother García Ramírez. His death is commonly put around 999, but a recently published document shows him still living in 1002. In that year, between the last appearance of García Sánchez II of Pamplona in 1000 and the first appearance of Sancho III of Navarre in 1004, he appears as king in a context that suggests a greater domain than simply Viguera. It has been used to suggest that Sancho Ramírez served briefly as ruler of Pamplona itself in the same manner that Jimeno Garcés of Pamplona Jimeno (also Gimeno, Ximeno, Chemene, Exemeno) is a given name derived from ''Ximen'',OMAECHEVARRIA, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caliphate Of Córdoba
A caliphate ( ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with Khalifa, the title of caliph (; , ), a person considered a political–religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire Muslim world (''ummah''). Historically, the caliphates were polities based on Islam which developed into multi-ethnic trans-national empires. During the medieval period, three major caliphates succeeded each other: the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661), the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750), and the Abbasid Caliphate (750–1517). In the fourth major caliphate, the Ottoman Caliphate, the rulers of the Ottoman Empire claimed caliphal authority from 1517 until the Ottoman caliphate was Abolition of the Caliphate, formally abolished as part of the Atatürk's reforms, 1924 secularisation of Turkey. An attempt to preserve the title was tried, with the Sharifian Caliphate, but this caliphate fell quickly after its conquest by the Sultanate o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Calatañazor
The Battle of Calatañazor was a legendary battle of the ''Reconquista'' that supposedly took place in July 1002 in Calatañazor, in the Province of Soria, between an army of invading Moors under Almanzor and a force of Christian allies led by Alfonso V of León, Sancho III of Navarre, and Sancho García of Castile. Almanzor, who historically died the night of 10–11 August, is said to have died of wounds received in the battle. The battle has been branded as unreal since the 18th century because of the non-existence of any evidence in the chronicles of the time. Its ahistoricity was first demonstrated by Reinhart Dozy in 1881.R. Dozy (1881), "Sur la bataille de Calatañazor", ''Recherches sur l'histoire et la littérature de l'Espagne pendant le Moyen Âge'', 3rd ed., I (Paris–Leiden), pp. 193–202online. The French Arabist Évariste Lévi-Provençal attributed the destruction of San Millán de la Cogolla by the Saracens to the campaign in Calatañazor. Sources Of the death ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
García Gómez Of Saldaña
García or Garcia may refer to: People * García (surname) * Kings of Pamplona/Navarre ** García Íñiguez of Pamplona, king of Pamplona 851/2–882 ** García Sánchez I of Pamplona, king of Pamplona 931–970 ** García Sánchez II of Pamplona, king of Pamplona 994–1004 ** García Sánchez III of Navarre, king of Navarre 1035–1054 ** García Ramírez of Navarre, king of Navarre 1134–1150 * Kings of León/Galicia ** García I of León ** García II of Galicia Places * Garcia, Tarragona, a municipality in Ribera d'Ebre, Spain * García, Nuevo León, a municipality in Mexico * Garcia, Colorado, an unincorporated town in the United States Entertainment * '' Los tres García'' (), Mexican film from the Golden Age of cinema Television * ''Los Garcia'' (), Puerto Rican television comedy show the 1970s * ''The Garcias'', American television series * ''¡García!'', Spanish television series Music * ''Garcia'' (album), an album by Jerry Garcia * Garcia (band), a German E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
