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Fakaleitī
A fakaleitī (or ''leiti'' or ''fakafefine'' or ''lady'') is a Tongan individual Sex assignment, assigned male at birth who has a Femininity, feminine gender expression. The term ''fakaleitī'' is made up of the prefix ''faka-'' (in the manner of) and the borrowing ''lady'' from English. ''Fakaleitī''s themselves prefer to call themselves ''leitī'' or ''ladies''. Although leitī in Tonga do not necessarily associate with LGBT identities in the Western world, those who grow up in Tongan migrant communities in New Zealand, Australia, and the United States may find a greater level of community and affinity to similar identities than leitī in the island kingdom. Leitī or fakafefine are similar to Samoan fa'afafine and Hawaiian Mahu (person), māhū. The Tonga Leitis' Association organizes the Miss Galaxy Pageant in Tonga. They have also been involved in reforming colonially influenced laws about leitī life that remain in Tonga. In 2018 a documentary film, ''Leitis in Waiting' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tonga Leitis' Association
The Tonga Leitis' Association (TLA) is an advocacy and education organisation in Tonga, and is the only organisation in the country dedicated to LGBTQ+ issues. Background The Tonga Leitis Association (TLA) was founded in 1992 by Joey Joleen Mataele. Its first president was Papiloa Foliaki. It was initially founded in order to support Tonga's historic fakaleiti community. It is a member of the Asia Pacific Transgender Network (APTN). It is the sole LGBTQ+ rights organisation in Tonga. In 2021 its president, Polikalepo Kefu, was murdered. Campaigns In 2016 the association campaigned for greater legal protections for LGBTQ+ Tongans; in Tonga sodomy and transvestism are punishable by up to ten years in prison. Tonga's current homophobic attitudes are a product of British colonialism, despite the fact that Tonga has a rich history of transgender people, especially women, known as fakaleiti. Community provision The TLA runs a community centre and safehouse, which provides ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LGBT In Tonga
' is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. In use since the 1990s, the initialism, as well as some of its common variants, functions as an umbrella term for sexuality and gender identity. The LGBT term is an adaptation of the initialism ', which began to replace the term ''gay'' (or ''gay and lesbian'') in reference to the broader LGBT community beginning in the mid-to-late 1980s. When not inclusive of transgender people, the shorter term LGB is still used instead of LGBT. It may refer to anyone who is non-heterosexual or non-cisgender, instead of exclusively to people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender. To recognize this inclusion, a popular variant, ', adds the letter ''Q'' for those who identify as queer or are questioning their sexual or gender identity. The initialisms ''LGBT'' or ''GLBT'' are not agreed to by everyone that they are supposed to include. History of the term The first widely used term, ''homosexual'', no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LGBT
' is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. In use since the 1990s, the initialism, as well as some of its common variants, functions as an umbrella term for sexuality and gender identity. The LGBT term is an adaptation of the initialism ', which began to replace the term ''gay'' (or ''gay and lesbian'') in reference to the broader LGBT community beginning in the mid-to-late 1980s. When not inclusive of transgender people, the shorter term LGB is still used instead of LGBT. It may refer to anyone who is non-heterosexual or non- cisgender, instead of exclusively to people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender. To recognize this inclusion, a popular variant, ', adds the letter ''Q'' for those who identify as queer or are questioning their sexual or gender identity. The initialisms ''LGBT'' or ''GLBT'' are not agreed to by everyone that they are supposed to include. History of the term The first widely used term, '' homose ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miss Galaxy Pageant
Miss Galaxy Queen is a beauty pageant held in Nukualofa, Tongatapu in Tonga, where contestants are members of Tonga's fakaleiti community. Organised by the Tonga Leitis' Association (TLA) it raises awareness of LGBTQ+ rights issues and has become a regular event in the Tongan cultural calendar. Background Emerging from the 1970s disco scene in Tonga, the Miss Galaxy pageant was established in 1993, organised by the Tonga Leitis' Association (TLA) as a means to raise awareness of LGBTQ+ issues in Tonga, and to raise money for their programmes. Structured in a similar way to Tonga's Miss Heilala pageant, Miss Galaxy has become more popular of the two. In addition, whilst Miss Heilala contestants are expected to "exhibit their Tongan-ness", Miss Galaxy contestants express themselves as "cosmopolitan ... using English". Many of the Miss Galaxy contestants have a financial impetus to compete, in contrast to the Miss Heilala contestants who are often wealthier. Organisation and s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gender Expression
Gender expression, or gender presentation, is a person's behavior, mannerisms, interests, and appearance that are associated with gender, specifically with the categories of femininity or masculinity. This also includes gender roles. These categories rely on stereotypes about gender. Terminology Gender expression typically reflects a person's gender identity (their internal sense of their own gender), but this is not always the case. Gender expression is separate and independent both from sexual orientation and sex assigned at birth. Gender identity can be expressed through behavior, clothing, hair, makeup and other aspects of one’s external appearance. Gender expression does not always fall in line with a person's gender identity. A type of gender expression that is considered atypical for a person's externally perceived gender may be described as gender non-conforming. In men and boys, typical or masculine gender expression is often described as ''manly'', while atypical o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Femininity
Femininity (also called womanliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with women and girls. Femininity can be understood as socially constructed, and there is also some evidence that some behaviors considered feminine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. To what extent femininity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is conceptually distinct from both the female biological sex and from womanhood, as all humans can exhibit feminine and masculine traits, regardless of sex and gender. Traits traditionally cited as feminine include gracefulness, gentleness, empathy, humility, and sensitivity, though traits associated with femininity vary across societies and individuals, and are influenced by a variety of social and cultural factors. Overview and history Despite the terms ''femininity'' and ''masculinity'' being in common usage, there is little scientific agreement about what femininity a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahu (person)
Mahu may refer to: * , third gender person in some Polynesian cultures * Mahu (noble), ancient Egyptian official of the 18th Dynasty * Mahu (official), ancient Egyptian official of the 19th Dynasty * Mahu, Estonia, village in Viru-Nigula Parish, County, Estonia * Mahu, Mingin, village in Sagaing Region of western Myanmar (Burma) * Mawu, Dahomey goddess, sometimes called Mahu * Cornelis Mahu Cornelis Mahu (1613 – 16 November 1689) was a Flemish painter of still lifes, genre art, genre paintings and seascapes who showed a very high level of craftsmanship in his compositions. Life Mahu was born in Antwerp. Nothing is known about hi ... (1613–1689), a Flemish Baroque painter * Stephan Mahu, (died 1541), composer of the Franco-Flemish School {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Male
Male (symbol: ♂) is the sex of an organism that produces the gamete (sex cell) known as sperm, which fuses with the larger female gamete, or ovum, in the process of fertilization. A male organism cannot reproduce sexually without access to at least one ovum from a female, but some organisms can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Most male mammals, including male humans, have a Y chromosome, which codes for the production of larger amounts of testosterone to develop male reproductive organs. Not all species share a common sex-determination system. In most animals, including humans, sex is determined genetically; however, species such as ''Cymothoa exigua'' change sex depending on the number of females present in the vicinity. In humans, the word ''male'' can also be used to refer to gender in the social sense of gender role or gender identity. Overview The existence of separate sexes has evolved independently at different times and in different lineages, an example o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sex Assignment
Sex assignment (sometimes known as gender assignment) is the discernment of an infant's sex at or before birth. A relative, midwife, nurse or physician inspects the external genitalia when the baby is delivered and, in more than 99.95% of births, sex is assigned without ambiguity. Assignment may also be done prior to birth through prenatal sex discernment. The sex assignment at or before birth usually aligns with a child's anatomical sex and phenotype. The number of births where the baby is intersex—where they do not fit into typical definitions of male and female at birth—has been reported to be as low as 0.018%, but is often estimated at around 0.2%. The number of births with ambiguous genitals is in the range of 0.02% to 0.05%. These conditions may complicate sex assignment. Other intersex conditions involve atypical chromosomes, gonads or hormones. Reinforcing sex assignments through surgical or hormonal interventions is often considered to violate the individual's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leitis In Waiting
''Leitis In Waiting'' is a 2018 feature-length documentary about transgender rights in Tonga. It was produced and directed by Dean Hamer, Joe Wilson and Hinaleimoana Wong-Kalu. The filmmakers previously explored trans rights in the Pacific in their films ''Kumu Hina'' and ''A Place in the Middle''. Synopsis ''Leitis in Waiting'' is the story of Tonga leitis, native transgender women fighting a rising tide of religious fundamentalism and intolerance in their South Pacific kingdom. They are led by LGBT rights activist Joleen Mataele, who founded the Tonga Leitis Association, which provides support and shelter to transgender women. The film centers on the Miss Galaxy Queen pageant, an annual beauty competition for leitis, and on a national consultation on LGBT rights initiated by Mataele. Production and release Dean Hamer and Joe Wilson met Joleen Mataele during a screening of ''Kumu Hina'' arranged by her long-time friend Hinaleimoana Wong-Kalu. They had originally intended ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Transgender-related Topics
The following outline offers an overview and guide to transgender topics. The term "transgender" is multi-faceted and complex, especially where consensual and precise definitions have not yet been reached. While often the best way to find out how people identify themselves is to ask them, not all persons who might be thought of as falling under the transgender 'umbrella' identify as such. ''Transgender'' can also be distinguished from ''intersex'', a term for people born with physical sex characteristics "that do not fit typical binary notions of male or female bodies". Books and articles written about transgender people or culture are often outdated by the time they are published, if not already outdated at the time of composition, due to inappropriate and/or outdated questions or premises. Psychology, medicine, and social sciences research, aid, or otherwise interact with or study about transgender people. Each field starts from a different point of view, offers different per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
