|
Fédération Française Des Sociétés Féministes
The ''Fédération Française des Sociétés Féministes'' (French Federation of Feminist Societies) was a short-lived French organization founded in 1891. Foundation The Federation was announced in November 1891. Eugénie Potonié-Pierre brought together eight feminist groups in Paris into the ''Fédération Française des Societés Feministes'' (French Federation of Feminist Societies). The ''Union Universelle des Femmes'' joined the Federation. The ''Société de l'allaitement maternel'', which encouraged breast feeding, also joined. The ''Fédération française des sociétés féministes'' was created to deal with the divergences in opinion and approach between different feminist groups. This was the first time the adjective "feminist" had been used in the name of a group. It started to be used by the press in its radical sense. The humanists who belonged to the organization felt that it was in the common interest of both sexes for men to be involved in the movement, in contr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugénie Potonié-Pierre
Eugénie Potonié-Pierre (5 November 1844 – 12 June 1898 Paris) was a French feminist who founded the Federation of French Feminist Societies in 1892. She joined the Society for the Amelioration of Women's Condition with Léon Richer and Maria Deraismes in the 1870s. She served as the secretary and wrote for the organization's publication '' Le Droit des femmes (Women's Rights)''. In 1880, with Léonie Rouzade, she founded Union des Femmes. She was secretary of the committee of the International Congress for Women's Rights, in 1892, and 1896. In her speech to the International Congress of 1896 in Berlin, Potonié-Pierre credited herself and French feminist peers with coining the term ''féminisme''. Death She died 12 June 1898, from a cerebral hemorrhage at age 54. She is buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery Père Lachaise Cemetery (, , formerly , ) is the largest cemetery in Paris, France, at . With more than 3.5 million visitors annually, it is the most visited nec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aline Valette
Aline Valette (née Alphonsine Goudeman (5 October 1850 – 21 March 1899) was a French feminist and socialist. She believed that society should provide support to women engaged in motherhood, the most important of all occupations. Early years Alphonsine-Eulalie Goudeman was born in Lille on 5 October 1850. She was the daughter of a railroad worker, trained as a teacher, and was employed by a private school in the working-class district of Montmartre, Paris. From 1873 to 1878 she taught at a municipal vocational school for young girls at 26 rue Ganneron, and she then taught young girls at 12 rue Saint-Lazare until 1880. In 1878 at the founding congress of the teachers' union led by Marie Bonnevial she was elected secretary. She held this position until 1880. In 1880 Aline married M. Valette, a prosperous lawyer, and left work. She separated from her husband around 1885. While a single mother raising two sons, she wrote a handbook for homemakers that conveyed very traditional va ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Feminist
Social feminism is a feminist movement that advocates for social rights and special accommodations for women. It was first used to describe members of the women's suffrage movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries who were concerned with social problems that affected women and children. They saw obtaining the vote mainly as a means to achieve their reform goals rather than a primary goal in itself. After women gained the right to vote, social feminism continued in the form of labor feminists who advocated for protectionist legislation and special benefits for women. The term is widely used, although some historians have questioned its validity. Origin of term William L. O'Neill introduced the term "social feminism" in his 1969 history of the feminist movement ''Everyone Was Brave: The Rise and Fall of Feminism in America''. He used the term to cover women involved in municipal civic reform, settlement houses and improving labor conditions for women and children ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eliska Vincent
Eliska Vincent (née Eliska Girard 1841–1914) was a Utopia, Utopian Socialism, socialist and militant Feminism, feminist in France. She argued that women had lost civil rights that existed in the Middle Ages, and these should be restored. In the late 1880s and 1890s she was one of the most influential of the Parisian feminists. She created extensive archives on the feminist movement of the 19th and early 20th centuries, but these have been lost. Early years Eliska Girard was born in Mézières-en-Drouais, Mézières, Eure-et-Loir, in 1841. Her father was an artisan. He was imprisoned for his participation as a Republican in the French Revolution of 1848. She joined the ''Société pour la Revendication du Droit des Femmes'' (Society for claiming women's rights), which first met in 1866 at André Léo's house. Other members were Maria Deraismes, Paule Mink, Louise Michel, Élie Reclus and Caroline de Barrau. The members had a range of views, but agreed to work on the common goal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie Bonnevial
Marie Bonnevial (28 June 1841 - 4 December 1918) was a French teacher and women's rights activist. She became Grand Mistress of the Supreme Council of Le Droit Humain. Early years Marie Bonnevial was born on 28 June 1841 in Rive-de-Gier, Loire, to a poor family. She was able to go to school, and under the Second French Empire (1852-1870) she was a secular school teacher in Lyon. During the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71) she served as a volunteer nurse. In 1871 Marie Bonnevial joined the movement of the Paris Commune. She agitated for the creation of a teachers' union. The government deprived her of her job because of her support for the Communards and for those who were convicted after the suppression of the commune began on 28 May 1871. She left the country and joined her aunt in Turkey, where she taught French to the children of the commercial bourgeoisie. Victor Hugo wrote her a supportive letter on 17 September 1872 urging her to keep fighting and saying all honorable peop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marya Chéliga-Loevy
Marya Chéliga-Loevy (or Maria Szeliga, 1854 – 2 January 1927) was a Polish writer, playwright, feminist and pacifist. She was born in Poland but spent much of her life in France. Early years Mirecka Szeliga was born into a prosperous family of landowners in Jasieniec Solecki, Poland in 1854, at that time a dependency of Russia. She was an only child. Her father died while she was young, and she was brought up by her mother. She published two novels in 1873, ''For an ideal'' and ''The day before'', and also published a collection of poems. A theme that runs through her writing is that of the single woman struggling for independence and constrained by a hypocritical society. Between 1875 and 1876. she made a journey to Prague, Munich, Verona, Padua, Rome and Naples. She and her mother moved to Warsaw in 1876, where she married Stanislaw Jan Czarnowski, her publisher. They almost immediately decided to separate and began divorce proceedings. She stayed in Warsaw until 1880. Maria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
August Bebel
Ferdinand August Bebel (; 22 February 1840 – 13 August 1913) was a German socialist activist and politician. He was one of the principal founders of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). Bebel, a woodworker by trade, co-founded the Saxon People's Party with Wilhelm Liebknecht in 1866. In 1869, the two founded the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany, Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP), and in 1875 they helped bring the SDAP and Ferdinand Lassalle's General German Workers' Association (ADAV) together to form the party which became the SPD. Bebel played a key role in the drafting and adoption of the party's Marxist Erfurt Program in 1891. He was also a member of the Reichstag (German Empire), Reichstag from 1871 until his death, and was involved in the founding of the Second International in 1889. He served as chairman of the SPD from 1892 to 1913. Biography Early years Ferdinand August Bebel, known as August, was born on 22 February 1840, in Deutz, Cologne, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parti Ouvrier Francais
The French Workers' Party (, POF) was the French socialist party created in 1880 by Jules Guesde and Paul Lafargue, Karl Marx's son-in-law (famous for having written '' The Right to Be Lazy'', which criticized work as such, criticizing heavily liberal moral frameworks of "Right to Work"). A revolutionary party, it aimed to abolish capitalism and replace it with a communist society. The party originated with a secession from Federation of the Socialist Workers' Party of France, which was founded in 1879, after a split with Paul Brousse's possibilists. The party's programme, written by Guesde with input from Marx, Lafargue and Friedrich Engels, was approved at the opening congress. The party officially became the POF in 1893. In 1902, the party merged with the Blanquist Central Revolutionary Committee to form the Socialist Party of France and finally merged in 1905 with Jean Jaurès' French Socialist Party to form the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO). Marcel C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feminist Organizations In France
Feminism is a range of socio-political movements and ideologies that aim to define and establish the political, economic, personal, and social equality of the sexes. Feminism holds the position that modern societies are patriarchal—they prioritize the male point of view—and that women are treated unjustly in these societies. Efforts to change this include fighting against gender stereotypes and improving educational, professional, and interpersonal opportunities and outcomes for women. Originating in late 18th-century Europe, feminist movements have campaigned and continue to campaign for women's rights, including the right to vote, run for public office, work, earn equal pay, own property, receive education, enter into contracts, have equal rights within marriage, and maternity leave. Feminists have also worked to ensure access to contraception, legal abortions, and social integration; and to protect women and girls from sexual assault, sexual harassment, and d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suffrage Organisations In France
Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise is the right to vote in public, political elections and referendums (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote). In some languages, and occasionally in English, the right to vote is called active suffrage, as distinct from passive suffrage, which is the right to stand for election. The combination of active and passive suffrage is sometimes called ''full suffrage''. In most democracies, eligible voters can vote in elections for representatives. Voting on issues by referendum (direct democracy) may also be available. For example, in Switzerland, this is permitted at all levels of government. In the United States, some states allow citizens the opportunity to write, propose, and vote on referendums (popular initiatives); other states and the federal government do not. Referendums in the United Kingdom are rare. Suffrage continues to be especially restricted on the basis of age, residency and citizenship status ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
