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Fédération Des Contribuables
The National Federation of Taxpayers (FNC) or the National Federation of Taxpayer Syndicates and Groups is an assembly of taxpayer syndicates founded in 1928 by Louis-Alphonse Large, an accountant, and presided over by Baron Albert d'Anthouard de Wasservas, a retired diplomat, and later by the industrialist Jacques Lemaigre Dubreuil. The group is often mistakenly referred to as the "League of Taxpayers". History Its founding was supported by groups representing Société des agriculteurs de France, farmers, architects, shop owners and shareholders. It attracted numerous professional associations, trade unions, and groups of liberal professions. The FNC did not openly conflict with public authorities and presented itself as "a body for monitoring and controlling government actions without particular hostility towards it". However, the worsening economic crisis in 1931 and the victory of the second Cartel des Gauches in 1932 French legislative election, 1932 radicalized its rhetor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Association Under The 1901 Law
Association may refer to: *Club (organization), an association of two or more people united by a common interest or goal *Trade association, an organization founded and funded by businesses that operate in a specific industry *Voluntary association, a body formed by individuals to accomplish a purpose, usually as volunteers *Non-profit association, Non profit association, a body formed by individuals to accomplish a purpose without any profit interest *Collaboration, the act of working together Association in various fields of study *Association (archaeology), the close relationship between objects or contexts. *Association (astronomy), combined or co-added group of astronomical exposures *Association (chemistry) *Association (ecology), a type of ecological community *Genetic association, when one or more genotypes within a population co-occur *Association (object-oriented programming), defines a relationship between classes of objects *Association (psychology), a connection betw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bank Of France
The Bank of France ( ) is the national central bank for France within the Eurosystem. It was the French central bank between 1800 and 1998, issuing the French franc. It does not translate its name to English, and thus calls itself ''Banque de France'' in all English communications. The Bank of France was originally established by Napoleon Bonaparte as a private-sector corporation with unique public status. It was granted note-issuance monopoly in Paris in 1803 and in the entire country in 1848. Long independent from direct political interference, it was brought under government control in 1936 and eventually nationalized in 1945. While other banks of issue were established in the French colonial empire, the Bank of France remained Metropolitan France's sole monetary authority until France's adoption of the euro as its currency. The Bank of France long held high prestige as an anchor of financial stability, especially before the monetary turmoil that followed World War I. In 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organizations Established In 1928
An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is an entity—such as a company, or corporation or an institution (formal organization), or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose. Organizations may also operate secretly or illegally in the case of secret societies, criminal organizations, and resistance movements. And in some cases may have obstacles from other organizations (e.g.: MLK's organization). What makes an organization recognized by the government is either filling out incorporation or recognition in the form of either societal pressure (e.g.: Advocacy group), causing concerns (e.g.: Resistance movement) or being considered the spokesperson of a group of people subject to negotiation (e.g.: the Polisario Front being recognized as the sole representative of the Sahrawi people and forming a partially recognized state.) Compare the concept of social groups, which may include non-organiza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annie Lacroix-Riz
Annie Lacroix-Riz (born 1947) is a French academic Marxist historian specializing in France's relations with Germany and the United States from the 1930s to the 1950s, as well as World War II collaboration. A former student of the École normale supérieure de jeunes filles and a pupil of Pierre Vilar, she is a professor emeritus of contemporary history at the Paris Diderot University, now part of Paris Cité University. Lacroix-Riz is a founding member of the Pole of Communist Revival in France (PRCF), established in 2004. Work Her interests are the political, economic and social history of the French Third Republic and Vichy Government, the relations between the Vatican and the Reich as well as the strategies of the French elites before and after the Second World War. In her early works examining post-war reconstruction of France, Lacroix-Riz studied labor union tensions, investigating issues within the General Confederation of Labour (French: Confédération Généra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Cagoule
(, "The Cowl"; founded in 1936) was a French fascist-leaning and anti-communist militant group. It opposed the left-wing Popular Front (in office, June 1936 to 1938) and used violence to promote its activities in the final years of the Third Republic and into the Vichy Regime. ''La Cagoule'' was founded by Eugène Deloncle and bankrolled, among others, by Eugène Schueller, the founder of L'Oréal. ''La Cagoule'' committed assassinations, and undertook bombings, sabotage of armaments, and other violent activities, some intended to cast suspicion on communists through false flag operations and to add to political instability. Planning a November 1937 overthrow of the French government, was infiltrated by the police, and the national government arrested and imprisoned about 70 men. At the outbreak of World War II (September 1939), the government released the men to fight in the French Army. Some supported other right-wing organizations and participated in the Vichy gover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Action Française
''Action Française'' (, AF; ) is a French far-right monarchist and nationalist political movement. The name was also given to a journal associated with the movement, '' L'Action Française'', sold by its own youth organization, the Camelots du Roi. The movement and the journal were founded by Maurice Pujo and Henri Vaugeois in 1899, as a nationalist reaction against the intervention of left-wing intellectuals on behalf of Alfred Dreyfus. The royalist militant Charles Maurras quickly joined ''Action Française'' and became its principal ideologist. Under the influence of Maurras, ''Action Française'' became royalist, counter-revolutionary (objecting to the legacy of the French Revolution), anti-parliamentary, and pro-decentralization, espousing corporatism, integralism, and Roman Catholicism. Shortly after it was created, ''Action Française'' tried to influence the public opinion by turning its journal into a daily newspaper and by setting up other organizations. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camelots Du Roi
The King's Camelots, officially the National Federation of the King's Camelots () was a far-right youth organization of the French militant royalist and integralist movement Action Française active from 1908 to 1936. It is best known for taking part in many right-wing demonstrations in France in the 1920s and 1930s. History Genesis In 1908, the Action française sought to equip itself with a youth militant organization. Commander Louis Cuignet prospected in the ranks of the army in search of a forceful leader. In the end he chose Maxime Real del Sarte, a student at the Beaux-Arts Academy, after his notorious performance in the Court of Cassation. In the aftermath of the Dreyfus affair, the young Real del Sarte undertook to publicly insult the judges during a hearing presided over by the public prosecutor Alexis Ballot-Beaupré: Created on 16 November 1908, the name "Camelots du Roi" first used in ''L'Action française'' daily newspaper to designate the newspaper sell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comités De Défense Paysanne
The Comités de Défense Paysanne or French peasants, Peasant Defense Committees was a network of radical Agrarianism, agrarian groups France founded in 1929. Foundation There had previously been groups that espoused agrarian militancy such as the "Assault Sections" of the secretive Franc-Paysannerie movement. It was originally founded by an agricultural editor Henri Dorgères in January 1929 in Rennes, Brittany as the ''Comité de défense paysanne contre les assurances sociales'', the promised extension of which was seen as unacceptably expensive to many small farms. Dorgères' credibility came from a popular service his newspaper offered to farmers which checked avertissements (land tax notices) for errors in the cadastral land surveys they were based on to reduce the taxes. The historian Robert Paxton said there were three elements to the rise of militant right wing Peasant action in interwar France; an agricultural recession triggered by low farm prices, the French Thir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri Dorgères
Henri-Auguste d'Halluin (February 6, 1897, Wasquehal – January 22, 1985), known by the pseudonym Henri Dorgères, was a French political activist. He is best known for the Comités de Défense Paysanne which he set up in the interwar period. Henri Dorgères was born in 1897, in Wasquehal, a small town in north of France. He was interred by the Germans during the First World War. After passing his baccalaureate he studied law for two years. As a student he was an active royalism in France, royalist. While working in public relations in Wasquehal, he married Cécile Cartigny in Lille on April 23, 1921. In 1921, he moved to Rennes, in Brittany, to work as a journalist. In 1925 he became an editor of the regional Catholic daily ''Le Nouvelliste de Bretagne'' and in 1928 became the editor in chief of the farming journal ''Progrès agricole de l'Ouest''. During that time it was claimed that he became a member of the Camelots du Roi of Action Française. It was as a journalist in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Fédération Nationale Des Contribuables Dans Excelsior Du 10 Octobre 1935
LA most frequently refers to Los Angeles, the second most populous city in the United States of America. La, LA, or L.A. may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music *La (musical note), or A, the sixth note *"L.A.", a song by Elliott Smith on ''Figure 8'' (album) * ''L.A.'' (EP), by Teddy Thompson *''L.A. (Light Album)'', a Beach Boys album * "L.A." (Neil Young song), 1973 *The La's, an English rock band *L.A. Reid, a prominent music producer *Yung L.A., a rapper *Lady A, an American country music trio * "L.A." (Amy Macdonald song), 2007 *"La", a song by Australian-Israeli singer-songwriter Old Man River *''La'', a Les Gordon album Other media * l(a, a poem by E. E. Cummings *La (Tarzan), fictional queen of the lost city of Opar (Tarzan) *''Lá'', later known as Lá Nua, an Irish language newspaper *La7, an Italian television channel *LucasArts, an American video game developer and publisher * Liber Annuus, academic journal Business, organizations, and government agenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Popular Front (France)
The Popular Front (, ) was an alliance of left-wing movements in France, including the French Communist Party (PCF), the socialist SFIO and the Radical-Socialist Republican Party, during the interwar period. Three months after the victory of the Spanish Popular Front, the Popular Front won the May 1936 legislative election, leading to the formation of a government first headed by SFIO leader Léon Blum and composed of republican and SFIO ministers. Blum's government implemented various social reforms. The workers' movement welcomed this electoral victory by launching a general strike in May–June 1936, resulting in the negotiation of the Matignon Agreements, one of the cornerstones of social rights in France. All employees were assured a two-week paid vacation, and the rights of unions were strengthened. The socialist movement's euphoria was apparent in SFIO member Marceau Pivert's "''Tout est possible!''" (Everything is possible). However, the economy continued to s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
