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Frederick August I, Duke Of Oldenburg
Frederick Augustus I () (20 September 1711 – 6 July 1785) was Prince-Bishop of Lübeck from 1750 to 1785, and Count and later the first Duke of Oldenburg from 1773 to 1785. Early life Frederick Augustus was the son of Christian August of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince of Eutin, Christian August, regent of Holstein-Gottorp and his wife Margravine Albertina Frederica of Baden-Durlach, Albertine Friederike of Baden-Durlach. He was born in Gottorp, Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein, Schleswig. Marriage and issue Frederick Augustus married on 21 November 1752 to Princess Ulrike Friederike Wilhelmine of Hesse-Kassel; the couple had three children: * Peter Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Oldenburg (3 January 1754 – 2 July 1823) * Luise of Holstein-Gottorp-Oldenburg (2 October 1756 – 31 July 1759), died in infancy * Hedvig Elisabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp, Hedwig Elisabeth Charlotte (22 March 1759 – 20 June 1818), Queen of Sweden and Norway as wife of Charles XIII of Swed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Rulers Of Oldenburg
image:BlasonChristian Ier (1143-1167), comte d'Oldenbourg.svg, 120px, Shield of the Counts of Oldenburg image:Blason Gérard VI (1430-1500), comte d'Oldenbourg et de Delmenhorst.svg, 120px, Shield of the Counts of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst This is a list of the counts, dukes, grand dukes, and prime ministers of Oldenburg Land, Oldenburg. Counts of Oldenburg * 1088/1101–1108 Elimar I, Count of Oldenburg, Elimar I * 1108–1143 Elimar II, Count of Oldenburg, Elimar II * 1143–1168 Christian I, Count of Oldenburg, Christian I the Quarrelsome * 1168–1211 Maurice, Count of Oldenburg, Maurice I * 1209–1251 Otto I, Count of Oldenburg, Otto I, joint rule with Christian II and later with John I * 1211–1233 Christian II, Count of Oldenburg, Christian II * 1233–1272 John I, Count of Oldenburg, John I * 1272–1278 Christian III, Count of Oldenburg, Christian III * 1272–1301 Otto II, Count of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst * 1278–1305 John II, Count of Oldenburg, John II * 1302–1323 Chri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Of Russia
Paul I (; – ) was Emperor of Russia from 1796 until his assassination in 1801. Paul remained overshadowed by his mother, Catherine the Great, for most of his life. He adopted the laws of succession to the Russian throne—rules that lasted until the end of the Romanov dynasty and of the Russian Empire. He also imposed the first limitations on serfdom with the Manifesto of three-day corvee, sought to curtail the privileges of the nobility, pursued various military reforms which were highly unpopular among officers and was known for his unpredictable behavior, all of which contributed to the conspiracy that would take his life. In 1799 he brought Russia into the Second Coalition against Revolutionary France alongside Britain and Austria; the Russian forces achieved several victories at first but withdrew after facing setbacks. Paul then realigned Russia with France and led the creation of the Second League of Armed Neutrality to oppose Britain after Napoleon's rise to powe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sophie Amalie Of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Calenberg (24 March 1628 – 20 February 1685) was List of Danish consorts, Queen of Denmark and List of Norwegian consorts, Norway as the consort of the King Frederick III of Denmark. She is known for her political influence, as well as for her cultural impact: she acted as the adviser of her husband, and introduced ballet and opera to Denmark. Life Early life Sophie Amalie was born at the Herzberg Castle, in Herzberg am Harz. Her parents were George, Duke of Brunswick-Calenberg, and Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt. Nothing is known of her childhood. Sophie Amalie married Prince Frederick in Castle Glücksburg on 1 October 1643. The marriage was arranged in 1640, as it was considered suitable for the current situation of the groom: he was, at that point, Prince-bishop of Bremen and not heir to the throne, and was not expected to succeed to the throne. It is believed to be a political match, though the exact purpose of it is unknown. They had eight c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick III Of Denmark
Frederick III (; 18 March 1609 – 9 February 1670) was King of Denmark and Norway from 1648 until his death in 1670. He also governed under the name Frederick II as diocesan administrator (colloquially referred to as prince-bishop) of the Prince-Bishopric of Verden (1623–29 and again 1634–44), and the Archbishopric of Bremen, Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (1635–45). The second-eldest son of Christian IV of Denmark, Christian IV and Anne Catherine of Brandenburg, Frederick was only considered an heir to the throne after the death of his older brother Christian, Prince Elect of Denmark, Prince Christian in 1647. He instituted absolute monarchy in Denmark-Norway in 1660, confirmed King's Law, by law in 1665 as the first in Western historiography. He also ordered the creation of the Throne Chair of Denmark. After failed and costly aggressive wars under Christian IV, most Danes did not want to go to war again. According to Cathal Nolan, when Frederick III became king in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie Elisabeth Of Saxony
Duchess Marie Elisabeth of Saxony (22 November 1610 – 24 October 1684) was a duchess consort of Holstein-Gottorp as the spouse of Duke Frederick III of Holstein-Gottorp. As a widow, she became known as a patron of culture. Biography She was a daughter of John George I, Elector of Saxony and his spouse, Princess Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia. She was engaged in 1627 and married in 1630. Her marriage was arranged by the Danish queen dowager Sophie and the dowager duchess of Saxony, Hedwig of Denmark. In her dowry, she brought paintings by Lucas Cranach the Elder. In 1659, she became a widow; she moved to Wittum Husum Castle in 1660. Her household at Husum became renowned as a culture center, and she herself a noted patron. She produced an interpretation of the Bible in 1664. Marriage and issue Marie Elisabeth was married on 21 February 1630 to Duke Friedrich III of Holstein-Gottorp and gave birth to sixteen children in just over eighteen years, ten of whom lived to ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick III, Duke Of Holstein-Gottorp
Frederick III of Holstein-Gottorp (22 December 1597 – 10 August 1659) was a Duke of Holstein-Gottorp. Early life and youth Born on 22 December 1597, he was the elder son of Duke Johann Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp and Princess Augusta of Denmark. His mother was the daughter of King Frederick II of Denmark. He had ambitious plans concerning the development of sea trade. With this purpose he established Friedrichstadt in 1621, in sympathy with city of Glückstadt established in 1617 by Christian IV of Denmark. Furthermore, he attempted to find a commercial way to Russia and Persia that would not pass around Africa. For this reason, he sent on 6 November 1633 the expedition from Hamburg to Moscow under the management of a commercial agent of Otto Brüggemann and a ducal adviser, Philipp Crusius, and with Adam Olearius as secretary. On 14 August 1634, the delegation arrived at Moscow. Although it was not successful in concluding a commercial agreement with Tsar Michael I of Rus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augusta Marie Of Holstein-Gottorp
Augusta Marie of Holstein-Gottorp (6 February 1649 – 25 April 1728) was a German noblewoman and by virtue of marriage Margravine of Baden-Durlach. Born into the House of Holstein-Gottorp, she was the daughter of Frederick III, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and Duchess Marie Elisabeth of Saxony. Personal life Augusta Marie married Frederick VII, Margrave of Baden-Durlach on 15 May 1670 in Husum. They had the following children: * Frederick Magnus (13 January 1672 – 24 February 1672) * Frederica Augusta (21 June 1673 – 24 July 1674) * Christina Sophia (17 December 1674 – 22 January 1676) * Klaudia Magdalene Elisabeth (15 November 1675 – 18 April 1676) * Catherine (10 October 1677 – 11 August 1746), in 1701 she married the Count Johann Friedrich von Leiningen-Dagsburg-Hardenburg * Charles III William, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (17 January 1679 – 12 May 1738), he married Magdalena Wilhelmine of Württemberg * Johanna Elisabeth of Baden-Durlach (3 October 1680 – 2 Ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick VII, Margrave Of Baden-Durlach
Friedrich VII Magnus of Zähringen (23 September 1647 – 25 June 1709) was the Margrave of Baden-Durlach from 1677 until his death. Born at Ueckermünde, he was the son of Margrave Friedrich VI and Countess Palatine Christine Magdalene of Cleeburg. He succeeded his father as Margrave in 1677. He got involved in the Nine Years' War and after the Treaty of Ryswick in 1697, he received the title of Margrave of Basel Basel ( ; ), also known as Basle ( ), ; ; ; . is a city in northwestern Switzerland on the river Rhine (at the transition from the High Rhine, High to the Upper Rhine). Basel is Switzerland's List of cities in Switzerland, third-most-populo ..., although it was only a formal title and he never had any real power over the Swiss city. He again took part in the War of the Spanish Succession, as one of the leaders of the Imperial Army; some of the battles being fought in his territories. He died at Durlach in 1709 and was succeeded in the Margraviate by hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederikke Amalie Of Denmark
Princess Frederica Amalia of Denmark and Norway (11 April 1649 – 30 October 1704) was the second daughter of King Frederick III of Denmark and Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and Duchess of Holstein-Gottorp from 1667 to 1695 as the consort of Duke Christian Albert. Life Frederica Amalie was a daughter of King Frederick III of Denmark and his wife, Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Her father had been crowned king on 23 November 1648, about five months before she was born. She was married at Glücksburg Castle on 24 October 1667 to Duke Christian Albert of Holstein-Gottorp as part of a peace treaty between Denmark and Holstein-Gottorp, but the hostile parties continued to fight. The marriage was unhappy, with Frederica Amalia often tormented by the frequent disagreements between her brother, Christian V of Denmark, and her spouse. She was reportedly well known to be badly treated by Christian Albert, while the Danish royal family gave her all sorts of per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Albert, Duke Of Holstein-Gottorp
Christian Albert (, Gottorp – , Gottorp) was a duke of Holstein-Gottorp and bishop of Lübeck. Biography Christian Albert was a son of Frederick III, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, and his wife Princess Marie Elisabeth of Saxony. He became duke when his father died in the Castle Tönning, besieged by the King Christian V of Denmark. He was forced to flee at that point, and the remainder of his life was characterized by his fight with Denmark. In 1667, he married Princess Frederica Amalia, daughter of King Frederick III of Denmark. The marital alliance was arranged in the hope for peace, but it changed nothing. During Christian Albert's reign, the connection with Sweden, initiated by his father, was strengthened, which provided some protection. However, this also led to the duchy being pulled into all of Sweden's conflicts, including the Great Northern War and several wars with Denmark. From 1675 to 1689, Christian Albert lived in exile in Hamburg. However, with the aid of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm I, Duke Of Oldenburg
Peter Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Oldenburg (3 January 1754 in Eutin Castle, Eutin – 2 July 1823 in Schloss Plön, Plön.) was a ruling Duke of Oldenburg from 1784 to his death. Life Wilhelm was the son of Frederick Augustus I, Duke of Oldenburg and Princess Ulrike Friederike Wilhelmine of Hesse-Kassel. He succeeded his father, Frederick Augustus I, Duke of Oldenburg as the Duke of Oldenburg in 1785. Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign. In October 1799, his sister the Swedish Princess Charlotte, later Queen of Sweden, met him in Lübeck on her journey back to Sweden. She described the meeting between them in her famous journal: :"Here we had arranged for a meeting with my brother. It was a great joy for me to meet him but heart breaking to find him so saddened and in such a difficult position. ..My cousin the Prince-Bishop of Lübeck visited and stayed for din ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heir Apparent
An heir apparent is a person who is first in the order of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting by the birth of another person. A person who is first in the current order of succession but could be displaced by the birth of a more eligible heir is known as an heir presumptive. Today these terms most commonly describe heirs to hereditary titles (e.g. titles of nobility) or offices, especially when only inheritable by a single person. Most monarchies refer to the heir apparent of their thrones with the descriptive term of ''crown prince'' or ''crown princess'', but they may also be accorded with a more specific substantive title: such as Prince of Orange in the Netherlands, Duke of Brabant in Belgium, Prince of Asturias in Spain (also granted to heirs presumptive), or the Prince of Wales in England and Wales; former titles include Dauphin in the Kingdom of France, and Tsesarevich in Imperial Russia. The term is also applied metaphorically to an expected succe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
