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François Valentin
François Charles Joseph Valentin (; 8 August 1909 – 24 September 1961) was a French politician and military general. During World War II, he led the French Legion of Combatants from 1941 to 1942 before joining the Resistance. He was deputy of the French Third Republic, Third Republic, senator of the French Fourth Republic, Fourth Republic and deputy of the French Fifth Republic, fifth Republic. Early life and education Valetin was born as a son of an attorney at the Court of Appeal of Nancy, France, Nancy and a mother from the Vosges. He is also the nephew of Maurice Perrin (physician), Maurice Perrin, professor of medicine in Nancy and national municipal councilor, and of Jules Valentin, president of the Fraternité Saint-Léon, both close to the Jeunesses Patriotes, Jeunesses patriotes.Jean-François Colas, ''Les Droites nationales en Lorraine dans les années 1930: acteurs, organisations, réseaux'', thèse de doctorat, université de Paris X-Nanterre, 2002. François Val ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre De Boissonneaux De Chevigny
Pierre is a masculine given name. It is a French language, French form of the name Peter (given name), Peter. Pierre originally meant "rock" or "stone" in French (derived from the Greek word πέτρος (''petros'') meaning "stone, rock", via Latin "petra"). It is a translation of Aramaic כיפא (''Kefa),'' the nickname Jesus gave to apostle Saint Peter, Simon Bar-Jona, referred in English as Saint Peter. Pierre is also found as a surname. People with the given name * Monsieur Pierre, Pierre Jean Philippe Zurcher-Margolle (c. 1890–1963), French ballroom dancer and dance teacher * Pierre (footballer), Lucas Pierre Santos Oliveira (born 1982), Brazilian footballer * Pierre, Baron of Beauvau (c. 1380–1453) * Pierre, Duke of Penthièvre (1845–1919) * Pierre, marquis de Fayet (died 1737), French naval commander and Governor General of Saint-Domingue * Prince Pierre, Duke of Valentinois (1895–1964), father of Rainier III of Monaco * Pierre Affre (1590–1669), French sculp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saverne
Saverne (, ; Alsatian language, Alsatian: ; ) is a communes of France, commune in the Bas-Rhin departments of France, department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It is situated on the Rhine-Marne canal at the foot of a mountain pass, pass over the Vosges Mountains, and 45 km (27 mi) northwest of Strasbourg. In 2018, the commune of Saverne had a population of 11,289, and its urban unit, urban area, of 18,740. Geography Saverne lies on the river Zorn (river), Zorn, at the foot of the Vosges Mountains. It is crossed by the Marne–Rhine Canal and the Paris-Est–Strasbourg-Ville railway, Paris–Strasbourg railway. The A4 autoroute (Paris–Strasbourg) passes a few kilometers north of the town. Saverne station has rail connections to Paris, Strasbourg, Metz, Nancy and several regional destinations. History Saverne (: Caesar's three taverns, so called because in the older days there were three inns on the way to the Lorraine plateau where they would change oxen due ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Darnand
Joseph Darnand (19 March 1897 – 10 October 1945) was a French far-right political figure, Nazi collaborator and convicted war criminal during the Second World War. A decorated veteran of the First World War and the Battle of France in 1940, he later pledged allegiance to Nazi Germany, joining the on 8 August 1943. Darnand was the de facto leader of the , a fascist paramilitary organisation established under the Vichy regime to combat the French Resistance, persecute Jews, and enforce forced labour drafts. On 1 January 1944, at the request of the German authorities, he was appointed Secretary General for Law and Order, before becoming Secretary of State for the Interior on 14 June 1944. Following the liberation of France, he was arrested, tried for treason, sentenced to death, and executed by firing squad on 10 October 1945. Early years and war service Darnand was born at Coligny, Ain, Rhône-Alpes in France. On 8 January 1916, he enlisted in the 35th Infantry Regiment. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xavier Vallat
Xavier Vallat (December 23, 1891 – January 6, 1972) was a French politician and antisemite who was Commissioner-General for Jewish Questions in the wartime collaborationist Vichy government, and was sentenced after World War II to ten years in prison for his part in the persecution of French Jews. Until World War II Vallat was born in the department of Vaucluse into a family of conservative Catholics. In his youth he was active in Catholic organisations and joined the monarchist ''Action Française'', the most important group on the extreme right of French politics. He became a teacher in Catholic schools before joining the French Army. In World War I he was severely wounded, losing his left leg and right eye. He was elected to the National Assembly for the Ardèche in 1919 as an "independent", who supported the National Bloc. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippe Pétain
Henri Philippe Bénoni Omer Joseph Pétain (; 24 April 1856 – 23 July 1951), better known as Marshal Pétain (, ), was a French marshal who commanded the French Army in World War I and later became the head of the Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, collaborationist regime of Vichy France, from 1940 to 1944, during World War II. Pétain was admitted to the Saint-Cyr Military Academy in 1876 and pursued a career in the military, achieving the rank of colonel by the outbreak of World War I. He led the French Army to victory at the nine-month-long Battle of Verdun, for which he was called "the Lion of Verdun" (). After the failed Nivelle Offensive and 1917 French Army mutinies, subsequent mutinies, he was appointed Commander-in-Chief and succeeded in restoring control. Pétain remained in command for the rest of the war and emerged as a national hero. During the interwar period, he was head of the peacetime French Army, commanded joint Franco-Spanish operations du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms Of The French Legion Of Fighters
A coat is typically an outer garment for the upper body, worn by any gender for warmth or fashion. Coats typically have long sleeves and are open down the front, and closing by means of buttons, zippers, hook-and-loop fasteners (AKA velcro), toggles, a belt, or a combination of some of these. Other possible features include collars, shoulder straps, and hoods. Etymology ''Coat'' is one of the earliest clothing category words in English, attested as far back as the early Middle Ages. (''See also'' Clothing terminology.) The Oxford English Dictionary traces ''coat'' in its modern meaning to , when it was written ''cote'' or ''cotte''. The word coat stems from Old French and then -4; we might wonder whether there's a point at which it's appropriate to talk of the beginnings of French, that is, when it wa ... and then Latin ''cottus.'' It originates from the Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European word for woolen clothes. An early use of ''coat'' in English is Mail ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François De Wendel
François de Wendel (5 May 1874 – 13 January 1949) was a French industrialist and politician. He inherited the leadership of a major steel manufacturer in Lorraine at a time when it was part of Germany, and in Meurthe-et-Moselle in France to the west. He entered national politics just before World War I (1914–18), holding office first as a deputy and then as a senator until after the defeat of France in World War II (1939–45). His position as a deputy and also as head of the largest industrial enterprise in France inevitably led to accusations that he was manipulating policy in favor of his business empire. Origins The de Wendel family can be traced back to Jean Wendel of Bruges, who married Marie de Wanderve around 1600. His descendants in the male line mostly pursued military careers. Jean's descendant Jean-Martin Wendel (1665–1737) purchased an ironworks in Hayange, Lorraine, in 1704. This was the foundation of the family's industrial operations. His nobility was conf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
René Galas
René (''born again'' or ''reborn'' in French) is a common first name in French-speaking, Spanish-speaking, and German-speaking countries. It derives from the Latin name Renatus. René is the masculine form of the name (Renée being the feminine form). In some non-Francophone countries, however, there exists the habit of giving the name René (sometimes spelled without an accent) to girls as well as boys. In addition, both forms are used as surnames (family names). René as a first name given to boys in the United States reached its peaks in popularity in 1969 and 1983 when it ranked 256th. Since 1983 its popularity has steadily declined and it ranked 881st in 2016. René as a first name given to girls in the United States reached its peak in popularity in 1962 when it ranked 306th. The last year for which René was ranked in the top 1000 names given to girls in the United States was 1988. Persons with the given name * René, Duke of Anjou (1409–1480), titular king of Naples ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Popular Democratic Party (France)
The Popular Democratic Party (, PDP) was a Christian democratic political party in France during the Third Republic. Founded in 1924, it represented the trend of French social Catholicism, while remaining a party embodying the ideology of centrism. The party's ideology was inspired by the popularism of Luigi Sturzo's Italian People's Party. The PDP was a co-founder in 1925 of the International Secretariat of Democratic Parties of Christian Inspiration (SIPDIC). The PDP had its roots in French Catholicism and various Christian movements inspired by Hugues Felicité Robert de Lamennais and later continued by Marc Sangnier's '' Le Sillon'', the Young Republic League and the Popular Liberal Action (ALP), the party of republican Catholics founded in 1902 and dissolved in 1919. History Foundation The creation of the PDP has its premises in the context of the immediate post-war, the reintegration of Catholics in the nation by the wartime ''Union sacrée'' and the involvement of Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre-Henri Teitgen
Pierre-Henri Teitgen (29 May 1908 – 6 April 1997) was a French lawyer, professor and politician.Johnson, Douglas (9 April 1997) ''The Independent''. Retrieved 21 January 2016 Teitgen was born in Rennes, Brittany. Taken POW in 1940, he played a major role in the French Resistance. Teitgen's father, Henri Teitgen (1882–1965), was a senior politician of the Popular Republican Movement. A member of French Parliament from 1945 to 1958 for Ille-et-Vilaine, Pierre-Henri was president of the Popular Republican Movement (Christian Democratic Party) from 1952 to 1956. He was Minister of Information in 1944 (one of the founders of the daily ''Le Monde''), Minister of Justice in 1945–1946 (in charge of the purges from government of the Vichy regime's followers and of Nazi collaborators), Minister of Defence in 1947–48 in Robert Schuman's government at the time of the insurrectional strikes. In May 1948, he attended the Congress of The Hague and worked closely with Robert Schum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republican Federation
The Republican Federation (, FR) was the largest conservative party during the French Third Republic, gathering together the Progressive Republicans and the Orléanists rallied to the Republic. Founded in November 1903, the party competed with the more secular and centrist ''Alliance démocratique'' (Democratic Alliance). Later, most deputies of the ''Fédération républicaine'' and of '' Action libérale'' (which included Catholics rallied to the Republic) joined the ''Entente républicaine démocratique'' right-wing parliamentary group. From 1903 to World War I The Republican Federation was founded in November 1903 to gather the right-wing of the Moderate Republicans (also known as Opportunists) who opposed both Pierre Waldeck Rousseau's ''Bloc des gauches'' (Left-wing Block), his alliance with the Radical-Socialist Party and for some of them the defense of the Jewish officer Alfred Dreyfus. These conservative Republicans were ideologically indebted to Jules Méline, Al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1936 French Legislative Election
Legislative elections were held in France on 26 April and 3 May 1936, the last elections before World War II. The number of candidates set a record, with 4,807 running for election to the Chamber of Deputies of France, Chamber of Deputies. In the Seine (department), Seine Department alone, there were 1,402 candidates. The legislative election was the last before women were granted Women's suffrage#France, the right to vote in April 1944. The Popular Front (France), Popular Front, a broad Centre-left politics, centre-left electoral alliance composed of the social-democratic French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO), the social-liberal Radical Party (France), Radical-Socialists, the French Communist Party, French Section of the Communist International (SFIC), and associated smaller left-wing groups, won power from the conservative coalition that had governed since the 6 February 1934 crisis. Léon Blum became president of the council. Results The SFIC, predecessor of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
