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François Mayoux
François Mayoux (24 June 1882 – 21 July 1967) was a French teacher who became in turn a socialist, communist and revolutionary syndicalist. He and his wife Marie Mayoux were imprisoned during World War I (1914–18) for publishing a pacifist pamphlet. He wrote many articles for anarchist journals. Early years François Mayoux was born on 24 June 1882 in Beaulieu-sur-Sonnette, Charente. He became a teacher, and his partner Marie Mayoux was also a teacher. Marie and Francois taught in Charente, then in Bouches-du-Rhône. They belonged to the ''Fédération nationale des Syndicats d'institutrices et instituteurs publics''. Socialist During World War I (1914–18) the Mayouxes were firm pacifists and hostile to the ''Union sacrée''. They both joined the socialist French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO: ''Section française de l'internationale ouvrière'') in 1915. They were placed on ''Carnet B''. The International Action Committee (CAI: ''Comité d'action interna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beaulieu-sur-Sonnette
Beaulieu-sur-Sonnette is a commune in the Charente department in southwestern France. Population See also *Communes of the Charente department The following is a list of the 359 communes of the Charente department of France on 1 January 2025. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):Communes of Charente Charente communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia {{Confolens-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fernand Loriot
Fernand Loriot (; 10 October 1870 – 12 October 1932) was a French teacher who was active in forming the teachers' union. He took a pacifist stance during World War I. He was one of the founders of the French Communist Party. Early years Loriot was born on 10 October 1870 in Ceton, Orne. He became a member of the Socialist Party of France (1902), Socialist Party in 1901, and was an activist in the teachers' union. He defied the courts and refused to dissolve the union when the government took action after the Congress of Chambéry. As Louis Bouët recalled in ''L'école émancipée'', after the Congress of Chambéry in 1912, the teachers' union was in turmoil and was being repressed by the authorities. Loriot took the position of treasurer in the new federal board created by the Seine union. At the Congress of Bourges in 1913 Émile Glay, who had called on Pierre Laval for help as counsel for the Federation, said to André Léon Chalopin that nobody would be left in the Seine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1882 Births
Events January * January 2 ** The Standard Oil Trust (business), Trust is secretly created in the United States to control multiple corporations set up by John D. Rockefeller and his associates. ** Irish-born author Oscar Wilde arrives in New York at the beginning of a lecture tour of the United States and Canada. * January 5 – Charles J. Guiteau is found guilty of the assassination of James A. Garfield (President of the United States) and sentenced to death, despite an insanity defense raised by his lawyer. * January 12 – Holborn Viaduct power station in the City of London, the world's first coal-fired public electricity generating station, begins operation. February * February 3 – American showman P. T. Barnum acquires the elephant Jumbo from the London Zoo. March * March 2 – Roderick Maclean fails in an attempt to assassinate Queen Victoria, at Windsor, Berkshire, Windsor. * March 18 (March 6 Old Style) – The Principality of Serbia becomes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War () was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans and the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the Left-wing politics, left-leaning Popular Front (Spain), Popular Front government of the Second Spanish Republic. The opposing Nationalists were an alliance of Falangism, Falangists, monarchists, conservatives, and Traditionalism (Spain), traditionalists led by a National Defense Junta, military junta among whom General Francisco Franco quickly achieved a preponderant role. Due to the international Interwar period#Great Depression, political climate at the time, the war was variously viewed as class struggle, a War of religion, religious struggle, or a struggle between dictatorship and Republicanism, republican democracy, between revolution and counterrevolution, or between fascism and communism. The Nationalists won the war, which ended in early 1939, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confédération Générale Du Travail Unitaire
The Confédération générale du travail unitaire, or CGTU (), was a trade union confederation in France that at first included anarcho-syndicalists and soon became aligned with the French Communist Party. It was founded in 1922 as a confederation of radical unions that had left the socialist-dominated General Confederation of Labour (France), General Confederation of Labour (CGT), and in 1936 merged back into the CGT. Foundation The CGTU emerged from a split in the General Confederation of Labour (France), General Confederation of Labour (CGT: ''Confédération générale du travail''), which had been torn by confrontations between socialist members of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO: ''Section Française de l'Internationale Ouvrière'') and the more radical anarcho-syndicalists and members of the French Communist Party (PCF: ''Parti communiste français''). The CGTU took the majority of the CGT with it. Initially the syndicalists and anarchists outnumber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Communist Party
The French Communist Party (, , PCF) is a Communism, communist list of political parties in France, party in France. The PCF is a member of the Party of the European Left, and its Member of the European Parliament, MEPs sit with The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL group. The PCF was founded in 1920 by Marxism–Leninism, Marxist–Leninist members of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) who supported the Bolsheviks in the 1917 Russian Revolution. It became a member of the Communist International, and followed a Marxist-Leninist line under the leadership of Maurice Thorez. In response to the threat of fascism, the PCF joined the socialist Popular Front (France), Popular Front which won the 1936 election, but it did not participate in government. During World War II, it was outlawed by the occupying Germans and became a key element of the French Resistance, Resistance. The PCF participated in the provisional government of the Liberation of France, Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madeleine Vernet
Madeleine Vernet (3 September 1878 – 5 October 1949) was a French teacher, writer, libertarian and pacifist. She attacked abuses in the state system of foster homes, where children were often used for their labor. In 1906 she founded ''l'Avenir social'', an orphanage for workers' children, which she ran despite government opposition until 1922, when she resigned after the board was taken over by Communists. She was a committed pacifist during World War I (1914–1918), and continued to be involved in pacifist organizations after the war. Life Pre-war Madeleine Eugénie Clémentine Victorine Cavelier was born on 3 September 1878 in Le Houlme, then in Seine-Inférieure. In 1888 her parents settled in Barentin, Seine-Inférieure, where they ran a small business. Around 1900 her mother, now widowed, moved to Pissy-Pôville, Seine-Inférieure, and took charge of four girls from the public assistance. This inspired Madeleine to write a series of articles on "''Bureautins''" in Charles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
