François Jacques
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François Jacques
François Jacques (5 February 1946 – 3 May 1992) was a French historian and a specialist on Ancient Rome. His work focused on municipal life of the Roman Empire The Roman Empire ruled the Mediterranean and much of Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. The Roman people, Romans conquered most of this during the Roman Republic, Republic, and it was ruled by emperors following Octavian's assumption of ... and profoundly contributed to a renewal of the historical perspectives on this issue. Career After he obtained the Agrégation in France, agrégation of history, he taught at the University of Reims as lecturer and then he was appointed professor at the University of Nantes in 1981 and Lille in 1985. His State doctoral thesis was defended in 1980 under the direction of André Chastagnol. François Jacques was also a student of Hans-Georg Pflaum. His analyzes on municipal life, especially the book based on his State doctorate, ''Le privilège de liberté'' (1984), help ...
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Bourges
Bourges ( ; ; ''Borges'' in Berrichon) is a commune in central France on the river Yèvre (Cher), Yèvre. It is the capital of the Departments of France, department of Cher (department), Cher, and also was the capital city of the former provinces of France, province of Berry (province), Berry. History The name of the commune derives either from the Bituriges Cubi, Bituriges, the name of the original inhabitants, or from the Germanic languages, Germanic word ''wikt:burg, Burg'' (French: ''bourg''; Spanish: ''burgo''; English, others: ''burgh'', ''wikt:berg, berg'', or ''borough''), for "hill" or "village". The Celts called it ''Avaricon''; Latin-speakers: ''Avaricum''. In the fourth century BC, as in the time of Julius Caesar, Caesar, the area around it was the center of a Gallic (Celtic) confederacy. In 52 BC, the sixth year of the Gallic Wars, while the Gauls implemented a scorched-earth policy to try to deny Caesar's forces supplies, the inhabitants of Avaricum convinced th ...
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