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François Henri Hallopeau
__NOTOC__ François Henri Hallopeau (17 January 1842, Paris – 20 March 1919, Paris) was a French dermatologist. He studied medicine under Alfred Vulpian and Sigismond Jaccoud. He co-founded and was secretary general of the ''Société Française de dermatologie et de syphiligraphie''. He became a member of the ''Académie de Médecine'' in 1893. He coined the medical term ''trichotillomania'' in 1889. He also coined the word ''antibiotique'' in 1871 to describe a substance opposed to the development of life. Selman Waksman was later credited with coining the word ''antibiotic'' to describe such compounds that were derived from other living organisms, such as penicillin. Terms * Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (also known as Hallopeau-Siemens syndrome) * Pemphigus vegetans of Hallopeau Papers * * * * * * See also *Timeline of tuberous sclerosis The history of tuberous sclerosis (TSC) research spans less than 200 years. Tuberous sclerosis, TSC is a rare, multi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, fourth-most populous city in the European Union and the List of cities proper by population density, 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2022. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of the world's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, culture, Fashion capital, fashion, and gastronomy. Because of its leading role in the French art, arts and Science and technology in France, sciences and its early adoption of extensive street lighting, Paris became known as the City of Light in the 19th century. The City of Paris is the centre of the Île-de-France region, or Paris Region, with an official estimated population of 12,271,794 inhabitants in January 2023, or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dermatologist
Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin.''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.'' Random House, Inc. 2001. Page 537. . It is a speciality with both medical and surgical aspects. A dermatologist is a specialist medical doctor who manages diseases related to skin. Etymology Attested in English in 1819, the word "dermatology" derives from the Greek δέρματος (''dermatos''), genitive of δέρμα (''derma''), "skin" (itself from δέρω ''dero'', "to flay") and -λογία '' -logia''. Neo-Latin ''dermatologia'' was coined in 1630, an anatomical term with various French and German uses attested from the 1730s. History In 1708, the first great school of dermatology became a reality at the famous Hôpital Saint-Louis in Paris, and the first textbooks (Willan's, 1798–1808) and atlases ( Alibert's, 1806–1816) appeared in print around the same time.Freedberg, et al. (2003). ''Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine''. (6th ed.). McGr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Vulpian
Edmé Félix Alfred Vulpian (5 January 1826 – 18 May 1887) was a French physician and neurologist. He was the co-discoverer of Vulpian-Bernhardt spinal muscular atrophy and the Vulpian-Heidenhain-Sherrington phenomenon. Vulpian was born in Paris, France, in 1826. Among other noted discoveries and experiments, Vulpian discovered adrenaline in the adrenal medulla The adrenal medulla () is the inner part of the adrenal gland. It is located at the center of the gland, being surrounded by the adrenal cortex. It is the innermost part of the adrenal gland, consisting of chromaffin cells that secrete catecho .... He was the first to use the term " fibrillation" to describe a chaotic irregular rhythm of the heart.Cardioversion Past, Present and Future. Cakulev I, Efimov I and Waldo A. Circulation 2009; 120:1623–1632 Vulpian's monument in Paris A large marble statue has been erected to Vulpian, just at the end of Rue Antoine Dubois, a short distance from the Faculty of Medicin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigismond Jaccoud
Sigismond Jaccoud (20 November 1830 – 26 April 1913) was a Swiss physician. Sigismond Jaccoud was born in 1830 in Geneva, where he went to school and was educated in music and the science of literature. In 1849 he went to Paris to study medicine – and supported himself in that city teaching music and literature. He became ''interne des hפpitaux'' in 1855. After graduation in 1859 he specialised in internal medicine and in 1860 defended his doctoral thesis, on the pathogenesis of albuminuria. In 1862 he became ''medecin des hopitaux'', in 1863 ''professeur''. In 1877 he was appointed professor of internal pathology at the medical faculty and member of the Académie Nationale de Médecine. In 1898 he became president of the Academy. Jaccoud was a very famous and highly estimated lecturer at several of Paris' hospitals – L'Hôpital Saint-Antoine, l'Hôpital de la Charité, l'Hôpital Lariboisière and l'Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière. Following the death of Ernes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Académie Nationale De Médecine
Situated at 16 Rue Bonaparte in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, the Académie nationale de médecine (National Academy of Medicine) was created in 1820 by King Louis XVIII at the urging of baron Antoine Portal. At its inception, the institution was known as the Académie royale de médecine (or ''Royal Academy of Medicine''). This academy was endowed with the legal status of two institutions which preceded it—the Académie royale de chirurgie (or ''Royal Academy of Surgery''), which was created in 1731 and of the Société royale de médecine (or ''Royal Society of Medicine''), which was created in 1776. Background Academy members initially convened at the ''Paris Faculty of Medicine (or Faculté de Médecine de Paris)''. Four years later, the academy acquired its own headquarters, in the form of a mansion in the rue where it was located until 1850. The office was then relocated to a vaulted hall of the Hospital of Charity on rue Saint Pierre. Their current facility o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichotillomania
Trichotillomania (TTM), also known as hair-pulling disorder or compulsive hair pulling, is a mental disorder characterized by a long-term urge that results in the pulling out of one's own hair. A brief positive feeling may occur as hair is removed. Efforts to stop pulling hair typically fail. Hair removal may occur anywhere; however, the head and around the eyes are most common. The hair pulling is to such a degree that it results in distress and hair loss can be seen. As of 2023, the specific cause or causes of trichotillomania are unclear. Trichotillomania is probably due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The disorder may run in families. It occurs more commonly in those with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Episodes of pulling may be triggered by anxiety. People usually acknowledge that they pull their hair, and broken hairs may be seen on examination. Other conditions that may present similarly include body dysmorphic disorder; however, in that co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barbara Sahakian
Barbara Jacquelyn Sahakian is an English neuroscientist who is professor of clinical neuropsychology at the department of psychiatry and Medical Research Council (United Kingdom), Medical Research Council (MRC)/Wellcome Trust Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge. She is also an honorary Clinical psychology, clinical psychologist at Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge. She has an international reputation in the fields of cognitive psychopharmacology, neuroethics, neuropsychology, neuropsychiatry and neuroimaging. Sahakian is a fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge. She is currently president of the International Neuroethics Society (INS), of which she is a founder member. She is past president of the British Association for Psychopharmacology (BAP), having served as president from 2012 to 2014. Education Sahakian completed her PhD in psychopharmacology at Darwin College, Cambridge in the department of psychology at the University of Cambridge. Follow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selman Waksman
Selman Abraham Waksman (July 22, 1888 – August 16, 1973) was a Russian-born American inventor, biochemist and microbiologist, whose research into the decomposition of organisms that live in soil enabled the discovery of streptomycin and several other antibiotics. For his work he won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Waksman emigrated to the United States in 1910 and became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1916. A professor of biochemistry and microbiology at Rutgers University for four decades, he discovered several antibiotics (and introduced the modern sense of that word to name them), and he introduced procedures that have led to the development of many others. The proceeds earned from the licensing of his patents funded a foundation for microbiological research, which established the Waksman Institute of Microbiology located at the Rutgers University Busch Campus in Piscataway, New Jersey (USA). After receiving the Nobel Prize, Waksman and his foundation later ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penicillin
Penicillins (P, PCN or PEN) are a group of beta-lactam antibiotic, β-lactam antibiotics originally obtained from ''Penicillium'' Mold (fungus), moulds, principally ''Penicillium chrysogenum, P. chrysogenum'' and ''Penicillium rubens, P. rubens''. Most penicillins in clinical use are synthesised by ''Penicillium chrysogenum, P. chrysogenum'' using industrial fermentation, deep tank fermentation and then purified. A number of natural penicillins have been discovered, but only two purified compounds are in clinical use: benzylpenicillin, penicillin G (intramuscular injection, intramuscular or Intravenous therapy, intravenous use) and phenoxymethylpenicillin, penicillin V (given by mouth). Penicillins were among the first medications to be effective against many bacterial infections caused by staphylococcus, staphylococci and streptococcus, streptococci. They are still widely used today for various bacterial infections, though many types of bacteria have developed antibiotic res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa
Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica or dystrophic EB (DEB) is an inherited disease affecting the skin and other organs. "Butterfly child" is the colloquial name for children born with the disease, as their skin is seen to be as delicate and fragile as the wings of a butterfly. Signs and symptoms The deficiency in anchoring fibrils impairs the adherence between the epidermis and the underlying dermis. This deficiency occurs due to the genetic mutation(s) in the COL7A1 gene in chromosome 3. The COL7A1 gene in chromosome 3 is responsible for coding for type VII collagen, a protein that assists in helping anchor the epidermis and dermis. Thus, the skin of DEB patients is highly susceptible to mild to severe blistering, depending on the subtype. Collagen VII is also associated with the epithelium of the esophageal lining, and DEB patients may have chronic scarring, webbing, and obstruction of the esophagus. Affected individuals are often severely malnourished due to trauma to the o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pemphigus Vegetans Of Hallopeau
Pemphigus vegetans is a localized form of pemphigus vulgaris. in which there is a localized vegetating papillomatous response. The eroded areas do not heal like usual but form papillomatous growth and vegetation. Accounts for 1-2% of pemphigus cases and is a relatively benign variant of pemphigus vulgaris. Two forms are recognized: * ''Pemphigus vegetans of Neumann'' is a localized disease of pemphigus vulgaris slightly more extensive than pemphigus vegetans of Hallopeau. This type is more common and characterized by early lesions similar to Pemphigus Vulgaris with large bullae and erosive areas. Healing is through formation of granulation tissue. It is named for the Austrian Dermatologist, Isidor Neumann. * ''Pemphigus vegetans of Hallopeau'' is a disease of localized pemphigus vulgaris. It is named for François Henri Hallopeau. This type is less aggressive and has pustules not bullae. These pustules heal by verrucous hyperkeratotic vegetations. See also * List of cutaneous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
