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François Duvalier
François Duvalier (; 14 April 190721 April 1971), also known as Papa Doc, was a Haitian politician and Vodouisant who served as the president of Haiti from 1957 until his death in 1971. He was elected president in the 1957 general election on a populist and black nationalist platform. After thwarting a military coup d'état in 1958, his regime rapidly became more autocratic and despotic. An undercover government death squad, the Tonton Macoute (), indiscriminately tortured or killed Duvalier's opponents; the Tonton Macoute was thought to be so pervasive that Haitians became highly fearful of expressing any form of dissent, even in private. Duvalier further sought to solidify his rule by incorporating elements of Haitian mythology into a personality cult. Prior to his rule, Duvalier graduated from the Graduate School of Public Health of the University of Michigan on a scholarship that was meant to train Black doctors from the Caribbean to take care of African-American serv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antonio Thrasybule Kébreau
Antonio Thrasybule Kébreau (; November 11, 1909 – January 11, 1963) was Chairman of the Military Council (French: Président du Conseil militaire) that made him provisional head of state of the Republic of Haiti from 14 June – 22 October 1957. His short reign followed that of Daniel Fignolé and preceded that of François Duvalier. During his rule, soldiers under Kébreau's rule massacred rioting Fignolé supporters. Prior to his short tenure as head of state, Kébreau played a part in ousting interim president Daniel Fignolé and sending him into exile. According to Bernard Diederich in his book ''Papa Doc,'' Kébreau believed himself to be the real power behind Duvalier, as a military leader. In order to assert who really had the power, Duvalier had him sent to a diplomatic post and relieved him of his domestic duties. Kébreau took this as a threat and fled to the Dominican Republic seeking asylum, before eventually going abroad and taking up his diplomatic post. Kébr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
