|
François-Bernard Mâche
François-Bernard Mâche (born 4 April 1935, Clermont-Ferrand) is a French composer of contemporary music. Biography Born into a family of musicians, he is a former student of Émile Passani and Olivier Messiaen and has also received a diploma in Greek archaeology (1957) and a teaching certificate (Agrégation de Lettres classiques, 1958). He was a member of the Groupe de Recherches Musicales in Paris from 1958–63. He has composed electroacoustic, orchestral, chamber, choral, vocal and piano works. He has been a member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts since 2002 and occupies the chair of the late Iannis Xenakis. Mâche's ''Music, Myth and Nature, or The Dolphins of Arion'' (''Musique, mythe, nature, ou les Dauphins d'Arion'') (1983, 1992 ), which as a whole argues for a return in composition to mythic thought, includes a study of "ornitho-musicology" using a technique of Nicolas Ruwet's ''Langage, musique, poésie'' (1972) paradigmatic segmentation analysis, shows that bird ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolas Ruwet
Nicolas Ruwet (31 December 1932 – 15 November 2001) was a French linguist, literary critic and musical analyst or Belgian birth. He was involved with the development of generative grammar,All: Obituary: Nicolas Ruwet (Thu. Nov. 15 2001), ''LINGUIST List 12.2879''. and made important early contributions to music semiology. Life and career Ruwet was born in Saive, on 31 December 1932. In his youth he studied |
Paul Éluard
Paul Éluard (), born Eugène Émile Paul Grindel (; 14 December 1895 – 18 November 1952), was a French poet and one of the founders of the Surrealist movement. In 1916, he chose the name Paul Éluard, a matronymic borrowed from his maternal grandmother. He adhered to Dadaism and became one of the pillars of Surrealism by opening the way to artistic action politically committed to the Communist Party. During World War II, he was the author of several poems against Nazism that circulated clandestinely. He became known worldwide as The Poet of ''Freedom'' and is considered the most gifted of French surrealist poets. Biography Early life Éluard was born on 14 December 1895 in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, the son of Eugène Clément Grindel and wife Jeanne-Marie née Cousin. His father was an accountant when Paul was born but soon opened a real-estate agency. His mother was a seamstress. Around 1908, the family moved to Paris, rue Louis Blanc. Éluard attended the local sch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giorgos Seferis
Giorgos or George Seferis (; ), the pen name of Georgios Seferiadis (Γεώργιος Σεφεριάδης; March 13 – September 20, 1971), was a Greek poet and diplomat. He was one of the most important Greek poets of the 20th century, and a Nobel laureate. He was a career diplomat in the Greek Foreign Service, culminating in his appointment as Ambassador to the UK, a post which he held from 1957 to 1962. Biography Seferis was born in Smyrna in Asia Minor, in the Aidin Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire (now İzmir, Turkey). His father, Stelios Seferiadis, was a lawyer, and later a professor at the University of Athens, as well as a poet and translator in his own right. He was also a staunch Venizelist and a supporter of the demotic Greek language over the formal, official language (katharevousa). Both of these attitudes influenced his son. In 1914, the family moved to Athens, where Seferis completed his secondary school education. He continued his studies in Paris from 1918 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Messiaen
Olivier Eugène Prosper Charles Messiaen (, ; ; 10 December 1908 – 27 April 1992) was a French composer, organist, and ornithology, ornithologist. One of the major composers of the 20th-century classical music, 20th century, he was also an outstanding teacher of composition and musical analysis. Messiaen entered the Conservatoire de Paris at age 11 and studied with Paul Dukas, Maurice Emmanuel, Charles-Marie Widor and Marcel Dupré, among others. He was appointed organist at the Église de la Sainte-Trinité, Paris, in 1931, a post he held for 61 years, until his death. He taught at the Schola Cantorum de Paris during the 1930s. After the Battle of France, fall of France in 1940, Messiaen was interned for nine months in the German prisoner of war camp Stalag VIII-A, where he composed his (''Quartet for the End of Time'') for the four instruments available in the prison—piano, violin, cello and clarinet. The piece was first performed by Messiaen and fellow prisoners for an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bird Song
Bird vocalization includes both bird calls and bird songs. In non-technical use, bird songs (often simply ''birdsong'') are the bird sounds that are melodious to the human ear. In ornithology and birding, songs (relatively complex vocalizations) are distinguished by function from calls (relatively simple vocalizations). Definition The distinction between songs and calls is based upon complexity, length, and context. Songs are longer and more complex and are associated with Territory (animal), territory and Bird#Breeding, courtship and mating, while calls tend to serve such functions as Alarm signal, alarms or keeping members of a herd, flock in contact. Other authorities such as Howell and Webb (1995) make the distinction based on function, so that short vocalizations, such as those of pigeons, and even non-vocal sounds, such as the drumming of woodpeckers and the "Drumming (snipe), winnowing" of snipes' wings in display flight, are considered songs. Still others require song ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Speech Communication
Speech is the use of the human voice as a medium for language. Spoken language combines vowel and consonant sounds to form units of meaning like words, which belong to a language's lexicon. There are many different intentional speech acts, such as informing, declaring, asking, persuading, directing; acts may vary in various aspects like enunciation, intonation, loudness, and tempo to convey meaning. Individuals may also unintentionally communicate aspects of their social position through speech, such as sex, age, place of origin, physiological and mental condition, education, and experiences. While normally used to facilitate communication with others, people may also use speech without the intent to communicate. Speech may nevertheless express emotions or desires; people talk to themselves sometimes in acts that are a development of what some psychologists (e.g., Lev Vygotsky) have maintained is the use of silent speech in an interior monologue to vivify and organize ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naturalistic (literature)
Naturalism may refer to: Arts * Realism ** Naturalism (literature), a literary movement beginning in the late 19th century ** Naturalism (theatre), a movement in European drama and theatre ** Poetic naturalism, an approach of Sean M. Carroll Philosophy * Naturalism (philosophy), the idea that only natural laws and forces operate in the universe ** Humanistic naturalism, a branch of philosophical naturalism ** Liberal naturalism, a heterodox form of philosophical naturalism ** Metaphysical naturalism, a philosophical basis for science ** Religious naturalism – combines a naturalist worldview with ideals associated with many religions ** Spiritual naturalism – combines a naturalist approach with spiritual ways of looking at the world ** Transcendental naturalism – combines a naturalist approach with the idea that human cognition is fundamentally incapable of solving certain philosophical problems * Ethical naturalism, or moral naturalism * Dialectical naturalism, a ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abstraction
Abstraction is a process where general rules and concepts are derived from the use and classifying of specific examples, literal (reality, real or Abstract and concrete, concrete) signifiers, first principles, or other methods. "An abstraction" is the outcome of this process — a concept that acts as a common noun for all subordinate concepts and connects any related concepts as a ''group'', ''field'', or ''category''.Suzanne K. Langer (1953), ''Feeling and Form: A Theory of Art Developed from Philosophy in a New Key'', p. 90: "Sculpture, Sculptural form is a powerful abstraction from actual objects and the three-dimensional space which we construe ... through sensory system, touch and sight." Conceptual abstractions may be made by filtering the information content of a concept or an observable phenomenon, selecting only those aspects which are relevant for a particular purpose. For example, abstracting a leather soccer ball to the more general idea of a ball selects only the in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zoomusicology
Zoomusicology () is the study of the musical aspects of sound and communication as produced and perceived by animals. It is a field of musicology and zoology, and is a type of zoosemiotics. Zoomusicology as a field dates to François-Bernard Mâche's 1983 book ''Music, Myth, and Nature, or the Dolphins of Arion'' (published in English in 1992), and has been developed more recently by scholars such as Dario Martinelli, David Rothenberg, Hollis Taylor, David Teie, and Emily Doolittle. Zoomusicology is a separate field from ethnomusicology, the study of human music. Zoomusicologists in a wide range of fields including music, semiotics, philosophy and biology conduct zoomusicology research. This is because the field of zoomusicology is so broad and reaches many disciplines. Musician and zoomusicologist Hollis Taylor has conducted an extensive study of the Pied Butcherbird (''Pied butcherbird, Cracticus nigrogularis'') over the past 15 years, including interdisciplinary research with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dario Martinelli
Dario Martinelli (born Andria, Italy, March 1, 1974) is an Italian semiotician, musicologist and composer. He is director of the International Semiotics Institute, professor at Kaunas University of Technology, and is also affiliated to the University of Helsinki and the University of Lapland (adjunct professor in both cases). His visiting professorships include the University of Torino (2015–2016), the Lithuanian Academy of Music and Theatre (2012–2014), the Finnish Network University of Semiotics (2004–2007) and the Fine Arts Academy of Bari (2005–2006). Martinelli graduated at Bologna University in 1999 and earned his PhD at Helsinki University in 2002. He performs research and publishes monographs and articles in the fields of musicology, popular music studies, film studies, semiotics, animal studies (he is possibly best known for his work in zoomusicology and zoosemiotics) and a research platform called " numanities", devoted to the rethinking of the role an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transformation (music)
In music, a transformation consists of any operation or process that may apply to a musical variable (usually a set or tone row in twelve tone music, or a melody or chord progression in tonal music), or rhythm in composition, performance, or analysis. Transformations include multiplication, rotation, permutation (i.e. transposition, inversion, and retrograde), prolation ( augmentation, diminution) and combinations thereof. Transformations may also be applied to simpler or more complex variables such as interval and spectrum or timbre. See also * Developing variation * Identity (music) * Operation (music) * Permutation (music) * Transformational theory Transformational theory is a branch of music theory developed by David Lewin in the 1980s, and formally introduced in his 1987 work ''Generalized Musical Intervals and Transformations''. The theory—which models Transformation (music), musical t ... References Musical techniques {{Music-theory-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
