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Flora Tristán
Flore Célestine Thérèse Henriette Tristán y Moscoso (7 April 1803 – 14 November 1844), better known as Flora Tristan, was a French-Peruvian writer and socialist activist. She made important contributions to early feminist theory, and argued that the progress of women's rights was directly related with the progress of the working class. She wrote several works, the best known of which are ''Peregrinations of a Pariah'' (1838), ''Promenades in London'' (1840), and ''The Workers' Union'' (1843). Tristan was the grandmother of the painter Paul Gauguin. Early life Tristan's full name was Flore Célestine Thérèse Henriette Tristán y Moscoso. Her father, Mariano Eusebio Antonio Tristán y Moscoso, was a colonel of the Spanish Navy, born in Arequipa, a city in Peru. His family was one of the most powerful families in the south of the country; his brother PÃo de Tristán became viceroy of Peru. Tristan's mother, Anne-Pierre Laisnay, was French; the couple met in Bilbao, Spai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bordeaux
Bordeaux ( ; ; Gascon language, Gascon ; ) is a city on the river Garonne in the Gironde Departments of France, department, southwestern France. A port city, it is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Gironde department. Its inhabitants are called "''Bordelais'' (masculine) or "''Bordelaises'' (feminine). The term "Bordelais" may also refer to the city and its surrounding region. The city of Bordeaux proper had a population of 259,809 in 2020 within its small municipal territory of , but together with its suburbs and exurbs the Bordeaux Functional area (France), metropolitan area had a population of 1,376,375 that same year (Jan. 2020 census), the sixth-most populated in France after Paris, Lyon, Marseille, Lille, and Toulouse. Bordeaux and 27 suburban municipalities form the Bordeaux Métropole, Bordeaux Metropolis, an Indirect election, indirectly elected Métropole, metropolitan authority now in charge of wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Éliphas Lévi
Éliphas Lévi Zahed, born Alphonse Louis Constant (8 February 1810 – 31 May 1875), was a French esotericist, poet, and writer. Initially pursuing an ecclesiastical career in the Catholic Church, he abandoned the priesthood in his mid-twenties and became a ceremonial magician. At the age of 40, he began professing knowledge of the occult. He wrote over 20 books on magic, Kabbalah, alchemical studies, and occultism. The pen name "Éliphas Lévi", was a transliteration of his given names "Alphonse Louis" into Hebrew. Levi gained renown as an original thinker and writer, his works attracting attention in Paris and London among esotericists and artists of romantic or symbolist inspiration. He left the Grand Orient de France (the French Masonic organization that originated Continental Freemasonry) in the belief that the original meanings of its symbols and rituals had been lost. "I ceased being a freemason, at once, because the Freemasons, excommunicated by the Pope, did not be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1844 Deaths
In the Philippines, 1844 had only 365 days, when Tuesday, December 31 was skipped as Monday, December 30 was immediately followed by Wednesday, January 1, 1845, the next day after. The change also applied to Caroline Islands, Guam, Marianas Islands, Marshall Islands and Palau as part of the Captaincy General of the Philippines; these became the first places on Earth to redraw the International Date Line. Events January–March * January 4 – The first issue of the Swedish-languaged ''Saima'' newspaper founded by J. V. Snellman is published in Kuopio, Finland. * January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives its charter from Indiana. * February 27 – The Dominican Republic gains independence from Haiti. * February 28 – A gun on the USS ''Princeton'' explodes while the boat is on a Potomac River cruise, killing U.S. Secretary of State Abel Upshur, U.S. Secretary of the Navy Thomas Walker Gilmer and four other people. Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1803 Births
Events January–March * January 1 – The first edition of Alexandre Balthazar Laurent Grimod de La Reynière's ''Almanach des gourmands'', the first guide to restaurant cooking, is published in Paris. * January 4 – William Symington demonstrates his ''Charlotte Dundas'', the "first practical steamboat", in Scotland. * January 30 – James Monroe, Monroe and Livingston sail for Paris to discuss, and possibly buy, New Orleans; they end up completing the Louisiana Purchase. * February 19 ** An Act of Mediation, issued by Napoleon Bonaparte, establishes the Swiss Confederation (Napoleonic), Swiss Confederation to replace the Helvetic Republic. Under the terms of the act, Graubünden, Canton of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Thurgau, the Ticino and Vaud become Swiss cantons. ** Ohio is admitted as the 17th U.S. state. * February 20 – Kandyan Wars: Kandy, Ceylon is taken by a British detachment. * February 21 – Edward Despard and six others are hanged and beheaded for plotti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Institute Of Social History
International is an adjective (also used as a noun) meaning "between nations". International may also refer to: Music Albums * ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * ''International'' (New Order album), 2002 * ''International'' (The Three Degrees album), 1975 *''International'', 2018 album by L'Algérino Songs * The Internationale, the left-wing anthem * "International" (Chase & Status song), 2014 * "International", by Adventures in Stereo from ''Monomania'', 2000 * "International", by Brass Construction from ''Renegades'', 1984 * "International", by Thomas Leer from ''The Scale of Ten'', 1985 * "International", by Kevin Michael from ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * "International", by McGuinness Flint from ''McGuinness Flint'', 1970 * "International", by Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark from '' Dazzle Ships'', 1983 * "International (Serious)", by Estelle from '' All of Me'', 2012 Politics * Internationalism (politics) * Political internationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dominique Desanti
Dominique Desanti (1920 – April 8, 2011) was a French journalist, novelist, educator and biographer. The daughter of a Russian immigrant, she was born Dominique Persky in Paris. She served in the French Resistance during the German occupation. She was a member of the French Communist Party from 1943 until 1956. Desanti was a correspondent for ''L'Humanité'' in the years following World War II. She also taught university in the United States. Desanti was married to the philosopher Jean-Toussaint Desanti; he died in 2002. She died in Paris in 2011. Selected works Biographies * ''Flora Tristan : La Femme révoltée'' (1972) * ''Drieu La Rochelle'' (1978) * ''Sacha Guitry'' (1982) Prix Thérouanne from l'Académie française * ''Sonia Delaunay'' (1988) * ''Ce que le siècle m'a dit. Mémoires'' (1997), autobiography * ''Robert Desnos Robert Desnos (; 4 July 1900 – 8 June 1945) was a French poet who played a key role in the Surrealist movement. Early life Robert D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pola Gauguin
Pola Gauguin (6 December 1883 – 2 July 1961) was a Danish-Norwegian painter, art critic and biographer. Biography Paul Rollon Gauguin was born in Paris, France. He was the youngest of five children born to the famed French artist Paul Gauguin and his Danish wife Mette Sophie Gad (1850-1920). He was the brother of Émile Gauguin (1874–1955), Aline Gauguin (1877–1897), Clovis Gauguin (1879–1900), and Jean René Gauguin (1881–1961). In 1884, when he was one year old, his family moved to Denmark. The following year, his father returned to Paris. He grew up in Copenhagen where he was raised by his mother Mette and maternal grandparents. He had little interaction with his father and no direct contact after 1890. He entered the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts (''Kunstakademiets Arkitektskole'') in 1905 and from 1906 to 1909 was assistant to the architects Hermann Baagøe Storck and Anton Rosen. He attended the art exhibitions at Kunstnernes Efteraarsudstilling in Copenh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean René Gauguin
Jean René Gauguin (April 12, 1881 – April 21, 1961) was a French-Danish sculptor. He won a bronze medal for Denmark in the art competitions at the 1924 Summer Olympics for his ''Boxer''. Biography The fourth child of the marriage of Paul Gauguin (1848–1903) and Mette Sophie Gad (1850–1920), Jean René Gauguin was born in Paris in 1881. His family moved to Copenhagen in 1884 where his father briefly and unsuccessfully tried making a living as a tarpaulin salesman. Six months on, his father left Copenhagen for Paris and beyond to pursue his life of creativity and wanderlust. Jean René last saw his father at age ten when Paul spent two weeks in Copenhagen before leaving for Tahiti. They had little communication as Jean René spoke no French at that time and his father spoke no Danish. Jean René was raised in Copenhagen by his mother Mette and maternal grandparents. Albeit from a bourgeois Danish family he was brought up in very modest circumstances. At the age of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antoine Chazal
Antoine Chazal (8 November 1793 in Paris – 12 August 1854 in Paris) was a French painter of flowers and of portraits, as well as an engraver. He studied under Misbach, Bidauld, and Van Spaendonck, and became Professor of Iconography at the Jardin des Plantes. Besides portraits, flowers, and fruit, he painted a few landscapes and altar-pieces for churches. He also engraved a portrait of Cardinal La Fare. Chazal died in Paris in 1854. Engravings Chazal drew many effigies for the engraver and publisher Ambroise Tardieu Ambroise Tardieu (2 March 1788, in Paris – 17 January 1841, in Paris) was a France, French cartography, cartographer and engraving, engraver, and is celebrated for his version of John Arrowsmith (cartographer), John Arrowsmith's 1806 map of ..., who does not mention it in his prints (see below the legends of the portraits)Philippe Nusbaumer, "Antoine Chazal, 1793-1854, Life and Work", chapter Ambroise Tardieu, p. 556. File:Alexandre Henri Gabriel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Worker's Rights
Labor rights or workers' rights are both legal rights and human rights relating to labor relations between workers and employers. These rights are codified in national and international labor and employment law. In general, these rights influence working conditions in the relations of employment. One of the most prominent is the right to freedom of association, otherwise known as the right to organize. Workers organized in trade unions exercise the right to collective bargaining to improve working conditions. Labor background Throughout history, workers claiming some sort of right have attempted to pursue their interests. During the Middle Ages, the Peasants' Revolt in England expressed demand for better wages and working conditions. One of the leaders of the revolt, John Ball, famously argued that people were born equal saying, "When Adam delved and Eve span, who was then the gentleman?" Laborers often appealed to traditional rights. For instance, Engli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feminism
Feminism is a range of socio-political movements and ideology, ideologies that aim to define and establish the political, economic, personal, and social gender equality, equality of the sexes. Feminism holds the position that modern societies are patriarchal—they prioritize the male point of view—and that women are treated unjustly in these societies. Efforts to change this include fighting against gender stereotypes and improving educational, professional, and interpersonal opportunities and outcomes for women. Originating in late 18th-century Europe, feminist movements have campaigned and continue to campaign for women's rights, including the right to Women's suffrage, vote, Nomination rules, run for public office, Right to work, work, earn gender pay gap, equal pay, Right to property, own property, Right to education, receive education, enter into contracts, have equal rights within marriage, and maternity leave. Feminists have also worked to ensure access to contr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
