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Flight Information Region
In aviation, a flight information region (FIR) is a specified region of airspace in which a flight information service, an alerting service (ALRS), and an area control centre are provided. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) delegates which country is responsible for the operational control of a given FIR. FIRs are the largest regular division of airspace in use in the world today, and have existed at least since 1947. Smaller countries' airspace is encompassed by a single FIR; larger countries' airspace is subdivided into a number of regional FIRs. Some FIRs encompass the territorial airspace of several countries. Oceanic airspace is divided into oceanic information regions and delegated to a controlling authority bordering that region. The division among authorities is done by international agreement through the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). There is no standard size for FIRs. Some are merely vertical extensions of their respective countr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flight Information Regions For Italy
Flight or flying is the motion (physics), motion of an Physical object, object through an atmosphere, or through the vacuum of Outer space, space, without contacting any planetary surface. This can be achieved by generating aerodynamic lift associated with gliding flight, gliding or air propulsion, propulsive thrust, aerostatically using buoyancy, or by ballistics, ballistic movement. Many things can fly, from Flying and gliding animals, animal aviators such as birds, bats and insects, to natural gliders/parachuters such as patagium, patagial animals, anemochorous seeds and ballistospores, to human inventions like aircraft (airplanes, helicopters, airships, balloons, etc.) and rockets which may propel spacecraft and spaceplanes. The engineering aspects of flight are the purview of aerospace engineering which is subdivided into aeronautics, the study of vehicles that travel through the atmosphere, and astronautics, the study of vehicles that travel through space, and ballistics, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Area Control Center
In air traffic control, an area control center (ACC), also known as a center or en-route center, is a facility responsible for controlling aircraft flying in the airspace of a given flight information region (FIR) at high altitudes between airport approaches and departures. In the US, such a center is referred to as an air route traffic control center (ARTCC). A center typically accepts traffic from—and ultimately passes traffic to—the control of a terminal control center or another center. Most centers are operated by the national governments of the countries in which they are located. The general operations of centers worldwide, and the boundaries of the airspace each center controls, are governed by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). In some cases, the function of an area control center and a terminal control center are combined in a single facility. For example, NATS combines the London Terminal Control Centre (LTCC) and London Area Control ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boston ARTCC
Boston Air Route Traffic Control Center (ZBW; in radio communications, "Boston Center") is one of 22 Air Route Traffic Control Centers in the United States, located in Nashua, New Hampshire. The primary responsibility of ZBW is the separation of overflights, and the expedited sequencing of arrivals and departures along STARs ( standard terminal arrival routes) and SIDs (standard instrument departures) for the Boston Metropolitan Area, the New York Metropolitan Area, and other areas in the Northeast region of the United States. Boston Center is the 18th busiest air traffic control center in the United States. In 2024, Boston Center was responsible for handling 1,502,689 flights. The Boston ARTCC currently covers of airspace that includes airports in Connecticut, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Maine, New Hampshire, New York state and northeast Pennsylvania. Sectors ZBW has a total of 30 sectors, including 16 Low Altitude sectors, 10 High Altitude sectors, and 1 Super Hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chicago ARTCC
Chicago Air Route Traffic Control Center (ZAU) (radio communications: "Chicago Center") is one of 22 Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCCs) operated by the United States Federal Aviation Administration. It is located at 619 W. New Indian Trail Rd., Aurora, Illinois. The primary responsibility of Chicago Center is sequencing and separation of over-flights, arrivals, and departures in order to provide safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of aircraft. Chicago Center covers approximately of the Midwestern United States, including parts of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Iowa. Chicago Center lies adjacent to Minneapolis Air Route Traffic Control Center, Kansas City Air Route Traffic Control Center, Indianapolis Air Route Traffic Control Center, and Cleveland Air Route Traffic Control Center. ZAU overlies or abuts many approach control facilities (including Chicago, Milwaukee, Madison, Cedar Rapids, Des Moines, the Quad Cities, Peoria, Springfield, Indianapolis, and G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oakland Oceanic ARTCC
Oakland Air Route Traffic Control Center (ZOA), (radio communications, "Oakland Center") is one of 22 Area Control Centers in the United States. It is located at 5125 Central Ave, Fremont, California, roughly 25 miles southeast of downtown Oakland in the East Bay. The primary responsibility of Oakland Center is sequencing and separation of over-flights, arrivals, and departures, in order to provide safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of aircraft filed under instrument flight rules ( IFR). Oakland Center is the 17th busiest ARTCC in the United States. In 2024, Oakland Center handled 1,738,338 aircraft. Domestically, KZOA Center covers approximately 140,000 square miles of the Western United States, including parts of California, and Nevada, and KZAK Oceanic also covers 18.7 million square miles of the Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five Borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Sou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albuquerque ARTCC
Albuquerque Air Route Traffic Control Center (ZAB) (radio communications: Albuquerque Center) is located at 8000 Louisiana Boulevard, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States. The Albuquerque ARTCC is one of 22 Air Route Traffic Control Centers in the United States. The primary responsibility is the separation of overflights, and the expedited sequencing of arrivals and departures along STARs ( Standard Terminal Arrival Routes) and SIDs (Standard Instrument Departures) for the airspace over most of Arizona and New Mexico, as well as parts of Colorado, Oklahoma, and Texas. Albuquerque Center is the 16th busiest ARTCC in the United States. In 2024, Albuquerque Center handled 1,799,593 aircraft. ZAB covers an area that includes one '' class Bravo'' airport. * Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport (PHX) in Phoenix, AZ ZAB also includes five '' class Charlie'' airports. * Albuquerque International Sunport (ABQ) in Albuquerque, NM * El Paso International Airport (ELP) in El Paso, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shanwick Oceanic Control
Shanwick is the air traffic control (ATC) name given to the area of international airspace which lies above the northeast part of the Atlantic Ocean. The Shanwick Oceanic Control Area (OCA) abuts Reykjavík OCA to the north, Gander OCA to the west and Santa Maria OCA to the south. Shanwick also has eastern boundaries with the Scottish, Shannon, London, Brest and Madrid domestic ATC flight information regions. Almost all transatlantic flights between Europe and North America will come under the control of Shanwick at some point of their journey. History Responsibility for the provision of air traffic services within international airspace is delegated to Member states of the United Nations, United Nations member states by the International Civil Aviation Organization, International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO). ICAO divides such airspace into flight information regions, parts of which may be deemed controlled airspace and, where appropriate, classified as an Oceanic Cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toronto Area Control Centre
Toronto Area Control Center is one of seven area control centers in Canada operated by Nav Canada. The Toronto Area Control Centre is based near Toronto Pearson International Airport in Mississauga, Ontario. From the Toronto Area Control Centre, air traffic controllers provide en route and terminal control services to aircraft in the Toronto Flight Information Region (FIR). The Toronto FIR airspace covers most of Southern Ontario, Central Ontario, parts of Eastern Ontario, and parts of northwestern Michigan. To the east are the air traffic control centres of Montreal and Boston; to the south are the Minneapolis, Cleveland (which covers the extreme southwestern area of Ontario), and New York air traffic control centres; to the west is the Winnipeg control centre. Aerodrome classes The Toronto ACC assumes control of the following classes of airports: Class C (Controlled, IFR/IFR, IFR/ VFR and VFR/VFR separation, VFR: Mode C and ATC clearance required) * CYYZ - Toronto Pearson In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gander Oceanic Area Control Centre
Gander may refer to: * Gander (goose), an adult male goose Places Canada * Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador, a town in Canada ** Gander (electoral district), a provincial electoral district ** Gander Academy, an elementary school in Gander ** Gander Collegiate, a high school in Gander ** Gander International Airport, a major airport in Newfoundland and Labrador ** CFB Gander, also known as 9 Wing Gander, a Canadian air force base co-located at Gander International Airport * Gander Bay, Newfoundland * Gander Lake, Newfoundland * Gander River, Newfoundland * Gander terrane, a continental fragment in Newfoundland * Gander Island, part of the Moore Islands, British Columbia France/Luxembourg * Gander (Moselle), a small river People * Gander (surname) * "Gander", nickname of Monty Stratton (1912-1982), Major League Baseball pitcher Fictional characters * Gladstone Gander, a Walt Disney fictional character created by cartoonist Carl Barks * Goosetave Gander, a fictiona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winnipeg Area Control Centre
The Winnipeg Area Control Centre is one of seven Area Control Centres in Canada operated by Nav Canada. Located at 777 Moray Street in Winnipeg, Manitoba, the centre controls all air traffic in Manitoba under 60,000 feet (including waters in Hudson Bay, as well as parts of Saskatchewan (from border with Alberta to Thompson) and Ontario east of Thunder Bay (including waters of Hudson Bay and James Bay). To the east is Toronto Area Control Centre Toronto Area Control Center is one of seven area control centers in Canada operated by Nav Canada. The Toronto Area Control Centre is based near Toronto Pearson International Airport in Mississauga, Ontario. From the Toronto Area Control Centre, ... and to the west is Edmonton Area Control Centre. References Air traffic control centers Aviation in Manitoba Air traffic control in Canada {{Manitoba-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vancouver International Airport
Vancouver International Airport is an international airport located on Sea Island (British Columbia), Sea Island in Richmond, British Columbia, Richmond, British Columbia, serving the city of Vancouver and the Lower Mainland region. It is located from Downtown Vancouver. YVR is the List of the busiest airports in Canada, second busiest airport in Canada by passenger traffic (26.2 million), behind Toronto Pearson International Airport in Ontario. As a Transpacific flight, trans-Pacific hub, the airport has more direct flights to China than any other airport in North America or Europe. It is a Airline hub, hub for Air Canada and WestJet. Vancouver International Airport is one of eight Canadian airports that have United States border preclearance, US Border Pre-clearance facilities. It is also one of the few major international airports to have a Vancouver International Water Airport, terminal for scheduled floatplanes. The airport has won several notable international best air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montreal Area Control Centre
Montreal Area Control Centre is one of 7 Area Control Centres in Canada operated by Nav Canada. Montreal ACC is located in a building on the outskirts of Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport. From this ACC, air traffic controllers provide en route and terminal control services to aircraft in the Montreal Flight Information Region (FIR). The Montreal FIR airspace covers the entire province of Quebec (with the exception of the Bagotville Military Terminal Control Area), parts of eastern Ontario, the eastern shore of James Bay, Hudson Bay, the western section of Newfoundland and Labrador and the Nunavut region that includes Iqaluit. The Montreal FIR is bordered by 6 Flight Information Regions. To the east are the Moncton and Gander FIRs, to the south is the Boston ARTCC, to the west are the Toronto and Winnipeg FIRs and the Edmonton FIR to the north. Aerodrome classes The Montreal ACC assumes control of the following classes of airports: Class C (Controlled, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
