Flavobacterium

	Flavobacterium ''Flavobacterium'' is a genus of Gram-negative, nonmotile and motile, rod-shaped bacteria that consists of 130 recognized species. Flavobacteria are found in soil and fresh water in a variety of environments. Several species are known to cause disease in freshwater fish. '' Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' causes the bacterial cold water disease on salmonids and the rainbow trout fry disease on rainbow trout. '' F. columnare'' causes the cotton-wool disease on freshwater fishes. '' F. branchiophilum'' causes the bacterial gill disease on trout. Another member of this genus, '' F. okeanokoites'' is the original source for the type IIs restriction endonuclease A restriction enzyme, restriction endonuclease, REase, ENase or'' restrictase '' is an enzyme that cleaves DNA into fragments at or near specific recognition sites within molecules known as restriction sites. Restriction enzymes are one class o ... ''Fok''I, used in Zinc finger nucleases and TALENs. Species who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Flavobacterium Ammoniigenes ''Flavobacterium'' is a genus of Gram-negative, nonmotile and motile, rod-shaped bacteria that consists of 130 recognized species. Flavobacteria are found in soil and fresh water in a variety of environments. Several species are known to cause disease in freshwater fish. ''Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' causes the bacterial cold water disease on salmonids and the rainbow trout fry disease on rainbow trout. '' F. columnare'' causes the cotton-wool disease on freshwater fishes. '' F. branchiophilum'' causes the bacterial gill disease on trout. Another member of this genus, '' F. okeanokoites'' is the original source for the type IIs restriction endonuclease ''Fok''I, used in Zinc finger nucleases and TALENs Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) are restriction enzymes that can be engineered to cut specific sequences of DNA. They are made by fusing a TAL effector DNA-binding domain to a DNA cleavage domain (a nuclease which cuts DN .... Species who are a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Flavobacterium Psychrophilum ''Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' is a psychrophilic, gram-negative bacterial rod (3-5 μm in length), belonging to the Bacteroidota. It is the causative agent of bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD) and was first isolated in 1948 during a die-off in the salmonid ''Oncorhynchus kisutch''.Starliper, C. E. (2011). Bacterial coldwater disease of fishes caused by Flavobacterium psychrophilum. Journal of Advanced Research, 2(2), 97-108. Characteristics ''Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' is a gram-negative bacteria ranging in size of 0.75-1.0 μm wide by 3-5 μm long. It is found in cold, fresh waters with an optimal growth temperature below 16C.Hesami, S., Metcalf, D. S., Lumsden, J. S., & MacInnes, J. I. (2011). Identification of Cold-Temperature-Regulated Genes in Flavobacterium psychrophilum . Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 77(5), 1593–1600. doi:10.1128/AEM.01717-10 When grown on Cytophaga Agar, ''F. psychrophilum'' produces bright yellow colonies with thin sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Bacterial Cold Water Disease Bacterial cold water disease (BCWD) is a bacterial disease of freshwater fish, specifically salmonid fish. It is caused by the bacterium '' Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' (previously classified in the genus '' Cytophaga''), a psychrophilic, gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae. This bacterium is found in fresh waters with the optimal growth temperature below 13 °C, and it can be seen in any area with water temperatures consistently below 15 °C. Salmon are the most commonly affected species. This disease is not zoonotic. Asymptomatic carrier fish and contaminated water provide reservoirs for disease. Transmission is mainly via horizontal gene transfer, but vertical transmission can also occur. BCWD may be referred to by a number of other names including cold water disease, peduncle disease, fit rot, tail rot and rainbow trout fry mortality syndrome. Causes and Symptoms 250px, The sweetfish which was infected with cold water disease Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]