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Filippo Guastavillani
Filippo Guastavillani (28 September 1541 – 17 August 1587) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal. Biography Filippo Guastavillani was born in Bologna on 28 September 1541, the son of Bolognese Patricians Angelo Michele Guastavillani and wife as her second husband Giacoma Boncompagni. His siblings were Girolamo Guastavillani, married to Orsina Bentivoglio, relative of her brother-in-law, and had issue, and Isabella Guastavillani, married in 1573 to Protesilao Malvezzi (bap. 22 July 1556 - 23 June 1623), relative of his sister-in-law, and had issue. His mother's siblings were Pope Gregory XIII, Boncompagno Boncompagni (1504 - 1587), married to Cecilia Bargellini (parents of Angela Boncompagni, wife of Girolamo Pepoli, without issue, and Cardinal Filippo Boncompagni), and another married sibling, children of Cristoforo Boncompagni (10 July 1470 – 1546) and wife Angela Marescalchi, and paternal grandchildren of Giacomo Boncompagni and wife Camilla Piattesi. As a young man, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization.Gerald O'Collins, O'Collins, p. v (preface). The church consists of 24 Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites#Churches, ''sui iuris'' (autonomous) churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and Eparchy, eparchies List of Catholic dioceses (structured view), around the world, each overseen by one or more Bishops in the Catholic Church, bishops. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the Papal supremacy, chief pastor of the church. The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Italians
Italians (, ) are a European peoples, European ethnic group native to the Italian geographical region. Italians share a common Italian culture, culture, History of Italy, history, Cultural heritage, ancestry and Italian language, language. Their predecessors differ regionally, but generally include populations such as the Etruscan civilization, Etruscans, Rhaetians, Ligurians, Adriatic Veneti, Magna Graecia, Ancient Greeks and Italic peoples, including Latins (Italic tribe), Latins, from which Roman people, Romans emerged and helped create and evolve the modern Italian identity. Legally, Italian nationality law, Italian nationals are citizens of Italy, regardless of ancestry or nation of residence (in effect, however, Italian nationality law, Italian nationality is largely based on ''jus sanguinis'') and may be distinguished from ethnic Italians in general or from people of Italian descent without Italian citizenship and ethnic Italians living in territories adjacent to the I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Spoleto
Spoleto (, also , , ; ) is an ancient city in the Italian province of Perugia in east-central Umbria on a foothill of the Apennines. It is south of Trevi, north of Terni, southeast of Perugia; southeast of Florence; and north of Rome. History Spoleto was situated on the eastern branch of the Via Flaminia, which forked into two roads at Narni and rejoined at , near Foligno. An ancient road also ran hence to Norcia, Nursia. The of the 1st century BC still exists. The forum lies under today's marketplace. Located at the head of a large, broad valley, surrounded by mountains, Spoleto has long occupied a strategic geographical position. It appears to have been an important town to the original Umbri tribes, who built walls around their settlement in the 5th century BC, some of which are visible today. The first historical mention of is the notice of the foundation of a colony there in 241 BC; and it was still, according to Cicero "": a Latin colony in 95 BC. After the Bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Santa Francesca Romana, Rome
Santa Francesca Romana (), previously known as Santa Maria Nova, is a Catholic church situated next to the Roman Forum in the rione Campitelli in Rome, Italy. History An oratory putatively was established in the eighth century under Pope Paul I in the portico of the former Temple of Venus and Roma. Tradition holds that at this site Saint Peter prayed at the site to challenge Simon Magus. According to this legend, Simon Magus wanted to prove his pagan powers were greater than those of the apostles, and started levitating in front of Peter. The apostle fell on his knees to prayer, asking God to demonstrate his pre-eminence, and Simon fell, dying. Tradition holds that the basalt stones where the apostle's knees during prayer are embedded in the wall of the south transept. A church at the site was known by the tenth century, was named ''Santa Maria Nova'' (or "Nuova", "New St Mary"), to distinguish it from the other church inside the Roman forum devoted to St Mary, Santa Maria An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Titular Church
In the Catholic Church, a titular church () is a Churches in Rome, church in Rome that is assigned to a member of the Holy orders in the Catholic Church, clergy who is created a Cardinal (Catholic Church), cardinal. These are Catholic churches in the city, within the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Rome, that serve as honorary designations symbolising the relationship of cardinals to the pope, the Bishop (Catholic Church), bishop of Rome. According to the 1983 Code of Canon Law, a cardinal may assist his titular church through counsel or through patronage, although "he has no power of governance over it, and he should not for any reason interfere in matters concerning the administration of its good, or its discipline, or the service of the church". There are two ranks of titular churches: titles and deaconries. A title () is a titular church that is assigned to a cardinal priest (a member of the second order of the College of Cardinals), whereas a deaconry () is normally assigned t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Galero
A (plural: ; from , originally connoting a helmet made of skins; cf. '' galea'') is a broad-brimmed hat with tasselated strings which was worn by clergy in the Catholic Church. Over the centuries, the red ''galero'' was restricted to use by individual cardinals while such other colors as black, green and violet were reserved to clergy of other ranks and styles. Description When creating a cardinal, the pope used to place a scarlet ''galero'' on the new cardinal's head during the papal consistories, the practice giving rise to the phrase "receiving the red hat." In 1969, Pope Paul VI issued a decree ending the use of the ''galero''. Since that time, only the scarlet '' zucchetto'' and '' biretta'' are placed over the heads of cardinals during the papal consistory. Some cardinals continue to obtain a ''galero'' privately so that the custom of suspending it over their tombs may be observed. Raymond Cardinal Burke has been known to publicly wear the ''galero'' on occasion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Papal Consistory
In the Catholic Church, a consistory is a formal meeting of the College of Cardinals called by the pope. There are two kinds of consistories, extraordinary and ordinary. An "extraordinary" consistory is held to allow the pope to consult with the entire membership of the College of Cardinals. An "ordinary" consistory is ceremonial in nature and is normally attended by cardinals resident in Rome. For example, the pope elevates new cardinals to the College at a consistory; Pope Francis called consistories for ceremonies of canonization; and Pope Benedict announced his decision to retire in 2013 at a consistory. A meeting of the College of Cardinals to elect a new pope is not a consistory, but a conclave. History The term ''consistory'' comes from the ; "stand together".''Papal Consistory'' by Kevin Knight (Catholic Encyclopedia, 2009) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Cardinal Deacon
A cardinal is a senior member of the clergy of the Catholic Church. As titular members of the clergy of the Diocese of Rome, they serve as advisors to the pope, who is the bishop of Rome and the visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church. Cardinals are chosen and formally created by the pope, and typically hold the title for life. Collectively, they constitute the College of Cardinals. The most solemn responsibility of the cardinals is to elect a new pope in a conclave, almost always from among themselves, with a few historical exceptions, when the Holy See is vacant. During the period between a pope's death or resignation and the election of his successor, the day-to-day governance of the Holy See is in the hands of the College of Cardinals. The right to participate in a conclave is limited to cardinals who have not reached the age of 80 years by the day the vacancy occurs. With the pope, cardinals collectively participate in papal consistories, in which matters of import ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Gonfaloniere
The Gonfalonier (Italian: ''Gonfaloniere'') was the holder of a highly prestigious communal office in medieval and Renaissance Italy, notably in Florence and the Papal States. The name derives from '' gonfalone'' (English: "gonfalon"), the term used for the banners of such communes. The title originated from Florence in the 1250s. The holders were known as the head of the militia. A similar office known as Gonfaloniere of Justice (''Gonfaloniere di Giustizia'') was made to protect the interests of the people. They became part of the city's government, or Signoria. Other central and northern Italian communes, from Spoleto to the County of Savoy, elected or appointed ''gonfalonieri.'' The Bentivoglio family of Bologna aspired to this office during the sixteenth century. However, by 1622, when Artemisia Gentileschi painted a portrait of Pietro Gentile as a gonfaloniere of Bologna, with the ''gonfalone'' in the background, the office had merely symbolic value. See also *Capitan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Tonsure
Tonsure () is the practice of cutting or shaving some or all of the hair on the scalp as a sign of religious devotion or humility. The term originates from the Latin word ' (meaning "clipping" or "shearing") and referred to a specific practice in medieval Catholicism, abandoned by papal order in 1972. Tonsure, in its earliest Greek and Roman origin, was used as a sign or signifier for slavery. Tonsure can also refer to the secular practice of shaving all or part of the scalp to show support or sympathy, or to designate mourning. Current usage more generally refers to cutting or shaving for monks, devotees, or mystics of any religion as a symbol of their renunciation of worldly fashion and esteem. Tonsure is still a traditional practice in Catholicism by specific religious orders (with papal permission). It is also commonly used in the Eastern Orthodox Church for newly baptised members and is frequently used for Buddhist novices, Bhikkhu, monks, and Bhikkhunī, nuns. The complete sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Boncompagni
The House of Boncompagni is a princely family of the Italian nobility which settled in Bologna in around the 14th century, but was probably originally from Umbria. In 1572 Ugo Boncompagni was elected pope, taking the name Pope Gregory XIII, Gregory XIII, and the family prospered. In 1579, the pope bought the Duchy of Sora from the Della rovere family for his son Giacomo Boncompagni, Giacomo, whose descendants reigned there as dukes until 1796. Later they also obtained the Principality of Piombino, following the marriage of Gregorio II Boncompagni with Ippolita Ludovisi, princess of Piombino and last of her dynasty. They reigned over Piombino as Boncompagni-Ludovisi, until Antonio II Boncompagni Ludovisi was deposed as Prince of Piombino in 1801; the heads of the family, though no longer reigning, continued to be known as "Prince [forenames] Boncompagni Ludovisi" as of 2023. History The Bolognese family, perhaps originally from Umbria, rose socially with the marriage of Cristoforo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Filippo Boncompagni
Filippo Boncompagni (7 September 1548 – 9 June 1586) was an Italian Cardinal, created by Pope Gregory XIII (his uncle) on 2 June 1572. Biography Born in Bologna, son of Bolognese Patricians Boncompagno Boncompagni (1504 - 1587) and wife Cecilia Bargellini and brother of Angela Boncompagni, wife of Girolamo Pepoli, without issue. His father was brother of Pope Gregory XIII, Giacoma Boncompagni, married secondly to Angelo Michele Guastavillani (parents of Girolamo Guastavillani, married to Orsina Bentivoglio, relative of her brother-in-law, and had issue, Cardinal Filippo Guastavillani and Isabella Guastavillani, married in 1573 to Protesilao Malvezzi (bap. 22 July 1556 - 23 June 1623), relative of his sister-in-law, and had issue), and another married sibling, children of Cristoforo Boncompagni (10 July 1470 – 1546) and wife Angela Marescalchi, and paternal grandchildren of Giacomo Boncompagni and wife Camilla Piattesi. He served as superintendent general of the Papal State ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
