|
Feuerwerker
''Feuerwerker'' (ordnance technician or specialist, literally 'fire worker') are specialists in the armed forces of German-speaking countries responsible for the maintenance of ammunition. From the late Middle Ages until the Early modern period a ''Feuerwerker'' was a highly specialised artisan with detailed knowledge of the closely guarded secrets of making gunpowder. Since the 19th century ''Feuerwerker'' became a distinguished career in Austrian, German and Russian () armed forces. Germany In the modern German Bundeswehr, ''Feuerwerker'' is the collective designation to non-commissioned officers (OR5 to OR9) and officers of the military functional service () with several years of special training pertaining to construction, maintenance, and destruction of ammunition. Russian Imperial Army Between 1700 and 1917, the ranks of Senior Feuerwerker (Senior Gunner) and Junior Feuerwerker (Vice-Feuerwerker, Junior Gunner) in the Russian Army were used in artillery. They were equ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wachtmeister
(Wm; German for 'master-sentinel' or 'watch-master') is a military rank of non-commissioned officers (NCO) in Austria and Switzerland. It is also used in civil authorities in German-speaking countries (police, judiciary, customs service, border protection). The was initially responsible for the guard duty of the army. Later, it became the equivalent NCO-grade of the cavalry and artillery. Besides Austria and Switzerland today, the rank was also used elsewhere, for example in Germany, Russia, and Poland (''wachmistrz''). In the German police service, ''Wachtmeister'' denoted the lowest rank; it was abolished in the 1980s, but is still the colloquial term referring to police patrolling in uniform. Historical background The ''Wachtmeister'' was in the beginning responsible guard, sentry, or sentinel, responsible for the armies' guard duty. Later he became the Feldwebel equivalent NCO-grade of the cavalry and artillery. In the Landsknecht armies and in the town of the 16th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feldwebel
'' '' (Fw or F, ) is a non-commissioned officer (NCO) rank in several countries. The rank originated in Germany, and is also used in Switzerland, Finland, Sweden, and Estonia. The rank has also been used in Russia, Austria-Hungary, occupied Serbia and Bulgaria. ' is a contraction of meaning 'field' and , an archaic word meaning 'usher'. comes from the Old High German , meaning to go back and forth (as in 'wobble'). There are variations on , such as '' Oberstabsfeldwebel'' ('Superior Staff Field Usher'), which is the highest non-commissioned rank in the German army and air force. in different languages The rank is used in several countries: , , , and . In Swiss German the spelling is used. in different countries and armed forces Austria ' was a typical infantry rank of the k.u.k. Austro-Hungarian Army (1867–1918). It might have been comparable to NCO-rank OR8.The abbreviation "OR" stands for ''"Other Ranks / fr: sous-officiers et militaires du rang / ru:друг� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
642 Changes In Uniforms And Armament Of Troops Of The Russian Imperial Army
64 or sixty-four may refer to: * 64 (number) Dates * one of the years 64 BC, AD 64, 1964, 2064 Places * Highway 64, see list of highways numbered 64 ** Interstate 64, a national route in the United States * The code for international direct dial calls to New Zealand (+64) Music * "64" (song), a 2011 song by hip hop band Odd Future * '' Sixty Four'' (album), a 2004 album recorded in 1964 by Donovan * "64" is the title of a song by the hip-hop group Mellowhype from their album ''BlackenedWhite'' Science *The atomic number of gadolinium, a lanthanide * 64 Angelina (asteroid 64), a main-belt asteroid Technology * Base64 encoding * Commodore 64 (in 8-bit home computers, a common shorthand is ''64'') * A /64 Classless Inter-Domain Routing block Other * Nintendo 64, a video game console * ''64'', a former Russian chess magazine * Sixty-four (ship), a type of sailing warship * Crayola 64 pack *''64 Zoo Lane'', a British animated children's TV series * Porsche 64, a race car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waffenfarbe (Austria)
''Waffenfarbe(n)'' or ''Egalisierungsfarbe(n)'' are colors that communicate the rank and arm of service for members of the police force or the Federal Army of the Republic of Austria (de: ''Bundesheer der Republik Österreich'') . They are also referred to as ''Kragenspiegel'' (English: collar patches or gorget patches). History In 1920/21, the Austrian Federal Army of the First Republic adopted German ''Reichswehr'' uniforms along with their Waffenfarben, albeit with two notable exceptions: the Austrian infantry adopted grass-green, and the Austrian hunter troops adopted yellow-green (German colors were white for infantry and hunter-green for hunter troops). A new uniform was introduced in 1933 modeled on those worn by the Austro-Hungarian Land forces from 1867 to 1914. The so-called k.u.k. "''Adjustierungsvorschrift''" (English: service dress instruction) contains color pattern tables from the year 1912 and regulated the ''Egalisierungsfarben'' to be worn. Austrian Feder ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Ranks
Military ranks is a system of hierarchy, hierarchical relationships within armed forces, police, Intelligence agency, intelligence agencies, paramilitary groups, and other institutions organized along military organisation , military lines, such as youth groups, chivalric orders, religious orders, and certain civilian organizations. Responsibility (other) , Responsibility for personnel, equipment and missions grows as each member of the organization advances in rank. The system of military ranks defines dominance, authority, and Professional responsibility, responsibility within a military hierarchy. It incorporates the principles of exercising Power (social and political), power and authority into the military Command hierarchy, chain of command—the succession of commanders superior to subordinates through which command is exercised. The military chain of command is an important component for organized collective action. Military uniform , Uniforms denote the bearer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Ranks Of Austria
The Military ranks of Austria (or Ranks of the ) are the military insignia used by the Austrian Armed Forces. Austria is a landlocked country and has no navy. Commissioned officer ranks The rank insignia of commissioned officers. Student officer ranks Other ranks The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and Enlisted rank, enlisted personnel. Special case military gymnasium Pupils () of the Military gymnasium wear black shoulder rank insignias on their dress uniform. On the duty suits black mounting loops have to be worn. However, the particular insignia has to be in line with actual school level. The appropriate school year is symbolised by a small golden strip. Possible appointments in correlation to rank or grade Additions To the rank or grade might be (among others) added addendums as follows. e.g.: MjrA (major physician), Lt aD (lieutenant off duty), ObstdG (colonel of the general staff service), HptmdhmtD (captain of the higher military technical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Ranks Of Germany
The rank insignia of the Bundeswehr, Federal Defence Forces () indicate rank and branch of service in the German Army (), German Air Force (), or the German Navy (). They are regulated by the "presidential order on rank designation and military uniform". The '' ( - Central Service Provision) gives the dress order and design variations. Further, the Federal Office of Equipment, IT, and In-Service Support of the () provides numerous details. Types According to the rank system, the different types of rank insignias might be distinguished as follows: *Shoulder straps or boards *Cuff titles or sleeve insignias *Mounting loops or straps (in German language, German: Aufziehschlaufen) Basic structure of shoulder straps and sleeve insignias The rank insignias of all service personnel will be explained initially on the example of shoulder straps to the basic uniform or everyday uniform in order provide a general overview. As to naval persons in uniform there will be additionally depicted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infantry
Infantry, or infantryman are a type of soldier who specialize in ground combat, typically fighting dismounted. Historically the term was used to describe foot soldiers, i.e. those who march and fight on foot. In modern usage, the term broadly encompasses a wide variety of subspecialties, including light infantry, irregular infantry, heavy infantry, mountain infantry, motorized infantry, mechanized infantry, Airborne forces, airborne infantry, Air assault, air assault infantry, and Marines, naval infantry. Other subtypes of infantry, such as line infantry and mounted infantry, were once commonplace but fell out of favor in the 1800s with the invention of more accurate and powerful weapons. Etymology and terminology In English, use of the term ''infantry'' began about the 1570s, describing soldiers who march and fight on foot. The word derives from Middle French , from older Italian (also Spanish) ''infanteria'' (foot soldiers too inexperienced for cavalry), from Latin '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cavalry
Historically, cavalry (from the French word ''cavalerie'', itself derived from ''cheval'' meaning "horse") are groups of soldiers or warriors who Horses in warfare, fight mounted on horseback. Until the 20th century, cavalry were the most mobile of the combat arms, operating as light cavalry in the roles of reconnaissance, Screening (tactical), screening, and skirmisher, skirmishing, or as heavy cavalry for decisive economy of force and shock attacks. An individual soldier in the cavalry is known by a number of designations depending on era and tactics, such as a cavalryman, Equestrianism, horseman, trooper (rank), trooper, cataphract, knight, Drabant Corps of Charles XII, drabant, hussar, uhlan, mamluk, cuirassier, lancer, dragoon, samurai or horse archer. The designation of ''cavalry'' was not usually given to any Military animal, military forces that used other animals or platforms for mounts, such as chariots, Camel cavalry, camels or War elephant, elephants. Infantry who m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artillery
Artillery consists of ranged weapons that launch Ammunition, munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during sieges, and led to heavy, fairly immobile siege engines. As technology improved, lighter, more mobile field artillery cannons were developed for battlefield use. This development continues today; modern self-propelled artillery vehicles are highly mobile weapons of great versatility generally providing the largest share of an army's total firepower. Originally, the word "artillery" referred to any group of soldiers primarily armed with some form of manufactured weapon or armour. Since the introduction of gunpowder and cannon, "artillery" has largely meant cannon, and in contemporary usage, usually refers to Shell (projectile), shell-firing Field gun, guns, howitzers, and Mortar (weapon), mortars (collectively called ''barrel artillery'', ''cannon artil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paroli (uniform)
The ''Paroli'' (pl. ''Parolis''; en: gorget patch, collar tab, or patch) was initially the designation for the coloured gorget patches of the Austro-Hungarian Army. It is applied on the gorget of a uniform coat or jacket and the battle-dress blouse. The ''Parolis'' indicated the Waffenfarbe (Austria), egalisation colour and served as discrimination criteria of the 102 infantry regiments of the Austro-Hungarian Army, as well as dragoon regiment (mounted infantry) and the regiment of the uhlans (light cavalry). In other German-speaking armed forces, the designation was called ''Kragenpatte, Kragenspiegel, or Arabesque''. Paroli in the Austro-Hungarian Army In the Austro-Hungarian Army, two ''Parolis'' (on the left and right side) were applied to the front part of the uniform gorget on the coat, ''Waffenrock'' (en: service uniform, dress uniform and/or battle-dress blouse), as indicated below. Rank stars and special badges could be attached as appropriate and indicated below. * On ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
