Federico De Franchi Toso (1560–1630)
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Federico De Franchi Toso (1560–1630)
Federico De Franchi Toso (Genoa, 1560 - Genoa, 23 January 1630) was the 96th Doge of the Republic of Genoa. Biography Third-born son of Gerolamo De Franchi Toso, doge of Genoa in the biennium 1581–1583, and Isabella Sauli, he was born in Genoa around 1560. on 25 June 1623 De Franchi ascended to the highest office of the Genoese state, the 51st in two-year succession and the ninety-sixth in republican history. After a relatively quiet and normal first year of customs mandate, the remaining end of the two-year period was characterized by increasingly tense relationships between the Republic of Genoa and the Duchy of Savoy of Charles Emmanuel I. By now near the outbreak of the conflict, inserted between the war phases of the Thirty Years' War, an agreed advance of the customs elections was chosen. Genoa and the republican government could not have run the risk of a vacant seat in such a delicate war period. The doge voluntarily resigned from office on the morning of 16 June 1625 ...
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Doge Of Genoa
The Doge of Genoa ( ) was the head of state of the Republic of Genoa, a city-state and soon afterwards a Maritime republics, maritime republic, from 1339 until the state's extinction in 1797. Originally elected for life, after 1528 the Doge (title), doges were elected for terms of two years. The Republic (or Dogate) was ruled by a small group of merchant families, from whom the doges were selected. Form of address The Genoese doge's form of address initially was "''eccelso"'' (exalted), then "''illustrissimo"'' (most illustrious), "''eccellentissimo"'' (most excellent), and finally, "''serenissimo principe"'' (most serene prince), "''signore"'' (lord), or "''altezza serenissima"'' (most serene highness). History The first Doge (title), Doge of Genoa, Simone Boccanegra (Ligurian (Romance language), Ligurian: ''Scimón Boccanéigra''), whose name is kept alive by Giuseppe Verdi, Verdi's Simon Boccanegra, opera, was appointed by public acclaim in 1339. Initially the Doge of ...
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Giorgio Centurione
Giorgio Centurione (23April 155311January 1629) was a Genoese patrician and the 95th Doge of Genoa, Doge of the Republic of Genoa. Biography The sudden death of the new doge Ambrogio Doria from a stroke of the brain on 12 June 1621, meant that the council was called to elect his successor, and on 22 June the figure of Giorgio Centurione was chosen as worthy of leading the State, the fiftieth in biennial succession and the 95th in republican history. His Dogate was marked by a severe famine crisis. The Magistrate of the Communities was established to take care of the Genoese income, the Armenian Merchants Company was introduced in Genoa and the Republic of Genoa was able to acquire the Savona, Savonese territory of the Zuccarello, Marquisate of Zuccarello . At the end of his mandate, on 22 June 1623, he was appointed perpetual procurator. Centurione died in Genoa on 11 January 1629, leaving a substantial patrimony. See also * Republic of Genoa * Doge of Genoa References ...
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Giacomo Lomellini
Giacomo Lomellini (Genoa, 1570 – Genoa, April 1, 1652) was the 97th Doge of the Republic of Genoa. Biography His election as doge took place in a particular period for the Republic of Genoa. From March 1625 the first signs of hostility began, which in a few months resulted in a real war between the Republic and the Duchy of Savoy of Charles Emmanuel I, supported by Kingdom of France of Louis XIII. During his dogate, the fifty-second in biennial succession and the ninety-seventh in republican history, for obvious reasons he had to deal mainly with the defense of Genoa and the Ligurian territory following the path initially started by his predecessor. After a rapid strengthening of the fortifications of Genoa, Savona and Gavi, he was almost forced by the forces on the field to forge a military alliance with the Spanish Empire. In addition to defending the borders, Doge Lomellini had to face the numerous internal unrest of those territories and populations, with drastic repressi ...
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Genoa
Genoa ( ; ; ) is a city in and the capital of the Italian region of Liguria, and the sixth-largest city in Italy. As of 2025, 563,947 people live within the city's administrative limits. While its metropolitan city has 818,651 inhabitants, more than 1.5 million people live in the wider metropolitan area stretching along the Italian Riviera. On the Gulf of Genoa in the Ligurian Sea, Genoa has historically been one of the most important ports on the Mediterranean: it is the busiest city in Italy and in the Mediterranean Sea and twelfth-busiest in the European Union. Genoa was the capital of one of the most powerful maritime republics for over seven centuries, from the 11th century to 1797. Particularly from the 12th century to the 15th century, the city played a leading role in the history of commerce and trade in Europe, becoming one of the largest naval powers of the continent and considered among the wealthiest cities in the world. It was also nicknamed ''la S ...
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Republic Of Genoa
The Republic of Genoa ( ; ; ) was a medieval and early modern Maritime republics, maritime republic from the years 1099 to 1797 in Liguria on the northwestern Italy, Italian coast. During the Late Middle Ages, it was a major commercial power in both the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean and Black Sea. Between the 16th and 17th centuries, it was one of the major financial centres of Europe. Throughout its history, the Genoese Republic established Genoese colonies, numerous colonies throughout the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, including Corsica from 1347 to 1768, Monaco, Gazaria (Genoese colonies), Southern Crimea from 1266 to 1475, and the islands of Lesbos and Chios from the 14th century to 1462 and 1566, respectively. With the arrival of the early modern period, the Republic had lost many of its colonies, and shifted its focus to banking. This was successful for Genoa, which remained a hub of capitalism, with highly developed banks and trading companies. Genoa was known as ' ...
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Gerolamo De Franchi Toso (1522-1586)
Gerolamo De Franchi Toso may refer to: * Gerolamo De Franchi Toso (1522–1586), Doge of Genoa * Gerolamo De Franchi Toso (1585–1668), Doge of Genoa The Doge of Genoa ( ) was the head of state of the Republic of Genoa, a city-state and soon afterwards a Maritime republics, maritime republic, from 1339 until the state's extinction in 1797. Originally elected for life, after 1528 the Doge (ti ...
{{hndis, De Franchi Toso, Gerolamo ...
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Duchy Of Savoy
The Duchy of Savoy (; ) was a territorial entity of the Savoyard state that existed from 1416 until 1847 and was a possession of the House of Savoy. It was created when Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, raised the County of Savoy into a duchy for Amadeus VIII. The duchy was an Imperial fief, subject of the Holy Roman Empire, until 1792, with a vote in the Imperial Diet. From the 16th century, Savoy belonged to the Upper Rhenish Circle. Its territory included the current French departments of Savoie, Haute-Savoie, and the Alpes-Maritimes, the current Italian region of Aosta Valley, a large part of Piedmont and the County of Geneva in Switzerland, which was then lost to the Old Swiss Confederacy. The main Vulgar languages that were spoken within the Duchy of Savoy were Piedmontese and Arpitan. Terminology The Duchy of Savoy was the central and most prominent of the territories possessed by the House of Savoy, and hence this title was and still is used often to indicate th ...
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Charles Emmanuel I, Duke Of Savoy
Charles Emmanuel I (; 12 January 1562 – 26 July 1630), known as the Great, was the Duke of Savoy and ruler of the Savoyard states from 30 August 1580 until his death almost 50 years later in 1630, he was the longest-reigning Savoyard monarch at the time, only for his record to be surpassed by his great-grandson Victor Amadeus II. He was nicknamed (, in context "the Hot-Headed") for his rashness and military aggression. Being ambitious and confident, Charles pursued a policy of expansion for his duchy, seeking to expand it into a kingdom. Biography Charles was born in the Castle of Rivoli in Piedmont, the only child of Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy and Margaret of France, Duchess of Berry. He succeeded his father as duke on 30 August 1580. His father was a devout Catholic and advised Charles to follow in his footsteps: My son, I urge you above all to be a true friend and devout servant of God and His holy Catholic religion, as were your ancestors. Never begin anyt ...
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Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War, fought primarily in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in History of Europe, European history. An estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from battle, famine, or disease, while parts of Germany reported population declines of over 50%. Related conflicts include the Eighty Years' War, the War of the Mantuan Succession, the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659), Franco-Spanish War, the Torstenson War, the Dutch-Portuguese War, and the Portuguese Restoration War. The war had its origins in the 16th-century Reformation, which led to religious conflict within the Holy Roman Empire. The 1555 Peace of Augsburg attempted to resolve this by dividing the Empire into Catholic and Lutheran states, but the settlement was destabilised by the subsequent expansion of Protestantism beyond these boundaries. Combined with differences over the limits of imperial authority, religion was thus an important factor in star ...
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17th-century Doges Of Genoa
The 17th century lasted from January 1, 1601 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCI), to December 31, 1700 (MDCC). It falls into the early modern period of Europe and in that continent (whose impact on the world was increasing) was characterized by the Baroque cultural movement, the latter part of the Spanish Golden Age, the Dutch Golden Age, the French ''Grand Siècle'' dominated by Louis XIV, the Scientific Revolution, the world's first public company and megacorporation known as the Dutch East India Company, and according to some historians, the General Crisis. From the mid-17th century, European politics were increasingly dominated by the Kingdom of France of Louis XIV, where royal power was solidified domestically in the civil war of the Fronde. The semi-feudal territorial French nobility was weakened and subjugated to the power of an absolute monarchy through the reinvention of the Palace of Versailles from a hunting lodge to a gilded prison, in which a greatly expanded r ...
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1560 Births
Year 1560 ( MDLX) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 7 – In the Kingdom of Scotland, French troops commanded by Henri Cleutin and Captain Corbeyran de Cardaillac Sarlabous sail across the Firth of Forth from Leith, which they are occupying, and fight with the Lords of the Congregation at Pettycur Bay near Kinghorn. * February 27 – Treaty of Berwick: Terms are agreed upon with the Lords of the Congregation in Scotland, for forces of the Kingdom of England to enter Scotland, to expel French troops defending the Regency of Mary of Guise. * March 7 – A Spanish-led expedition, commanded by Juan de la Cerda, 4th Duke of Medinaceli, overruns the Tunisian island of Djerba. * March 17 – Leaders of the Amboise conspiracy, including Godefroy de Barry, seigneur de La Renaudie, make an unsuccessful attempt to storm the château of Amboise, where the young French king and queen are residing. ...
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