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Esmée Van Eeghen
Esmée Adrienne van Eeghen (7 July 1918 - 7 September 1944) was a Dutch resistance fighter in World War II. Van Eeghen is controversial because she fell in love with a German officer, but in spite of this played a significant role in the resistance, especially in Friesland, a role that would ultimately be fatal for her, due to her turbulent love life. The character Rachel Stein from the 2006 film '' Black Book'' was based on the life of van Eeghen. Early life Esmée van Eeghen was born in Amsterdam on 7 July 1918. Her parents were Reginald van Eeghen (1889-1936), director of the Amstel Brewery, and Minette Adrienne van Lennep (1892-1975), better known as Miesje van Lennep. Esmée had a brother, Dave, who was two years her junior. She had a happy, sheltered childhood, even though her father left for America when she was eight after his divorce and died in San Francisco in 1936. Her mother remarried , by whom she had a third child, Sander. Resistance Although van Eeghen was fina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noorddijk, Groningen
Noorddijk is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is located in the municipality of Groningen, about 5 km northeast of the city centre. Noorddijk was a separate municipality until 1969, when it was merged with the city of Groningen. History The village was first mentioned in 1299 as "de Northdic", and means northern dike. North is relative to the city of Groningen. Noorddijk dates in the Early Middle Ages when the raised bog of the estuary was being cultivated, and Noorddijk became a linear road village on the dike. The nave of the Dutch Reformed church dates from around 1250. The church was enlarged around 1550, and the tower was constructed in 1648. The polder mill Noordermolen was built in 1888. In 1963, an electro motor was installed in the wind mill. It was restored in 1980. Noorddijk was an independent municipality, however the town hall was located in . The village was home to 199 people in 1840. In 1969, Noorddijk was merged into the municipality of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sicherheitsdienst
' (, ''Security Service''), full title ' (Security Service of the ''Reichsführer-SS''), or SD, was the intelligence agency of the SS and the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany. Established in 1931, the SD was the first Nazi intelligence organization and the Gestapo (formed in 1933) was considered its sister organization through the integration of SS members and operational procedures. The SD was administered as an independent SS office between 1933 and 1939. That year, the SD was transferred over to the Reich Security Main Office (''Reichssicherheitshauptamt''; RSHA), as one of its seven departments. Its first director, Reinhard Heydrich, intended for the SD to bring every single individual within the Third Reich's reach under "continuous supervision". Following Germany's defeat in World War II, the tribunal at the Nuremberg trials officially declared that the SD was a criminal organisation, along with the rest of Heydrich's RSHA (including the Gestapo) both individually and as branch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journey Through The Night
''Journey Through the Night'' (Dutch: ''Reis door de nacht'') is a novel, originally in four volumes published from 1951 to 1958, by Dutch author Anne de Vries. The novel centers around the representation of the Second World War in the Netherlands and the impact it had on a reformed family. Since its publication, it has been translated in English several times, most recently in 2001 by Inheritance Publications. . Background Anne de Vries was born in Kloosterveen, on the countryside of Drenthe and lived on a "lonely farm". He however moved to Zeist, a wealthy town between Utrecht and Amsterdam, to become a teacher at a local school. As he longed back to his childhood on the countryside, De Vries wrote the novel ''Bartje'' in the 1930s, which quickly became a popular work of fiction and resulted in De Vries' breakthrough as a writer. In 1940, De Vries moved back to Drenthe. During the Second World War, De Vries was involved in the Dutch Resistance. De Vries also held contacts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mata Hari
Margaretha Geertruida MacLeod (née Zelle; 7 August 187615 October 1917), better known by the stage name Mata Hari (), was a Dutch exotic dancer and courtesan who was convicted of being a spy for Germany during World War I. She was executed by firing squad in France. The idea of a beautiful exotic dancer using her powers of seduction as a spy made her name synonymous with the ''femme fatale''. Her story has served as an inspiration for many books, films and other works. It has been suggested that she was convicted and condemned because the French Army needed a scapegoat,Howe, Russel Warren (1986). ''Mata Hari: The True Story. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company.'' pp. x–xi, 285. and that the files used to secure her conviction contained several falsifications. Some have even stated that Mata Hari could not have been a spy, and was innocent. Early life Margaretha Geertruida Zelle was born 7 August 1876 in Leeuwarden, Netherlands. She was the eldest of four children to Adam Zelle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double Agent
In the field of counterintelligence, a double agent is an employee of a secret intelligence service for one country, whose primary purpose is to spy on a target organization of another country, but who is now spying on their own country's organization for the target organization. Double agentry may be practised by spies of the target organization who infiltrate the controlling organization or may result from the ''turning'' (switching sides) of previously loyal agents of the controlling organization by the target. The threat of execution is the most common method of turning a captured agent (working for an intelligence service) into a double agent (working for a foreign intelligence service) or a double agent into a ''re-doubled agent''. It is unlike a defector, who is not considered an agent as agents are in place to function for an intelligence service and defectors are not, but some consider that defectors in place are agents until they have defected. Double agents are ofte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp
Bergen-Belsen , or Belsen, was a Nazi concentration camp in what is today Lower Saxony in northern Germany, southwest of the town of Bergen near Celle. Originally established as a prisoner of war camp, in 1943, parts of it became a concentration camp. Initially this was an "exchange camp", where Jewish hostages were held with the intention of exchanging them for German prisoners of war held overseas. The camp was later expanded to accommodate Jews from other concentration camps. After 1945, the name was applied to the displaced persons camp established nearby, but it is most commonly associated with the concentration camp. From 1941 to 1945, almost 20,000 Soviet prisoners of war and a further 50,000 inmates died there. Overcrowding, lack of food and poor sanitary conditions caused outbreaks of typhus, tuberculosis, typhoid fever and dysentery, leading to the deaths of more than 35,000 people in the first few months of 1945, shortly before and after the liberation. The cam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baarn
Baarn () is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, near Hilversum in the province of Utrecht. The municipality of Baarn The municipality of Baarn consists of the following towns: Baarn, Eembrugge, Lage Vuursche. The town of Baarn Baarn, the main town of the municipality, received city rights in 1391. The town lies about 8 km east of Hilversum. In 2001, the town of Baarn had a population of 22,871. The urban area of the town was , and consisted of 10,076 residences.Statistics Netherlands (CBS), ''Bevolkingskernen in Nederland 2001'' . Statistics are for the continuous built-up area. The royal family owns several houses around Baarn. The Soestdijk Palace in Baarn was the home of Queen Emma, Queen Juliana and Juliana's husband prince Bernard. Crown prince Willem Alexander and his brothers attended school ('' Nieuwe Baarnse School'' and '' Het Baarnsch Lyceum'') in Baarn when Queen Beatrix (then princess) and her family lived at Castle Drakesteijn in the village ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vehmgericht
The Vehmic courts, ''Vehmgericht'', holy vehme, or simply Vehm, also spelt ''Feme'', ''Vehmegericht'', ''Fehmgericht'', are names given to a "proto-vigilante" tribunal system of Westphalia in Germany active during the later Middle Ages, based on a fraternal organisation of lay judges called "free judges" (german: Freischöffen or french: francs-juges). The original seat of the courts was in Dortmund. Proceedings were sometimes secret, leading to the alternative titles of "secret courts" (german: heimliches Gericht), "silent courts" (german: Stillgericht), or "forbidden courts" (german: verbotene Gerichte). After the execution of a death sentence, the corpse could be hanged on a tree to advertise the fact and deter others. The peak of activity of these courts was during the 14th to 15th centuries, with lesser activity attested for the 13th and 16th centuries, and scattered evidence establishing their continued existence during the 17th and 18th centuries. They were finally abolished ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baarn Herdenkingsmonument Lijst Met Gevallenen 7
Baarn () is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, near Hilversum in the province of Utrecht (province), Utrecht. The municipality of Baarn The municipality of Baarn consists of the following towns: Baarn, Eembrugge, Lage Vuursche. The town of Baarn Baarn, the main town of the municipality, received City rights in the Netherlands, city rights in 1391. The town lies about 8 km east of Hilversum. In 2001, the town of Baarn had a population of 22,871. The urban area of the town was , and consisted of 10,076 residences.Statistics Netherlands (CBS), ''Bevolkingskernen in Nederland 2001'' . Statistics are for the continuous built-up area. The royal family owns several houses around Baarn. The Soestdijk Palace in Baarn was the home of Emma of the Netherlands, Queen Emma, Juliana of the Netherlands, Queen Juliana and Juliana's husband prince Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands, Bernard. Crown prince Willem-Alexander, Prince of Orange, Willem Alexander and his brothers a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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