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Einar Haugen
Einar Ingvald Haugen (; April 19, 1906 – June 20, 1994) was an American linguist, writer, and professor at University of Wisconsin–Madison and Harvard University. Biography Haugen was born in Sioux City, Iowa, to Norwegian immigrants from the village of Oppdal in Trøndelag, Norway. When he was a young child, the family moved back to Oppdal for a few years, but then returned to the United States. He attended Morningside College in Sioux City but transferred to St. Olaf College to study with Ole Edvart Rølvaag. He earned his B.A. in 1928 and immediately went on to graduate studies in Scandinavian languages under professor George T. Flom at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he was awarded the Ph.D. in 1931. In 1931 Haugen joined the faculty of the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where he stayed until 1962. He was made Victor S. Thomas Professor of Scandinavian and Linguistics at Harvard University in 1964, and stayed here until his retirement in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eva Lund Haugen
Eva Lund Haugen (February 4, 1907 – October 25, 1996) was an American writer, editor and translator. Biography Eva Lund was born at Kongsvinger in Hedmark, Norway. She was twelve years old when her journalist parents emigrated to the United States in 1919. The family moved to Decorah, Iowa in 1927, where both parents worked for the Norwegian-American newspaper, '' Decorah-Posten''. Her father, Einar Lund (18801963) was editor of the newspaper from 1946 to 1962. She attended the University of Illinois in 19301931. She received her B.A. degree from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. In 1932, she married American linguist Einar Haugen with whom she was author, co-editor or translator of several books. Separately, she was author and translator of several published works relating to Norwegian-American heritage. She is most associated with her work as translator and editor in connection with works of Norwegian writer and Nobel Prize laureate, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson. The Einar an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Dialect Society
The American Dialect Society (ADS), founded in 1889, is a learned society "dedicated to the study of the English language in North America, and of other languages, or dialects of other languages, influencing it or influenced by it." The Society publishes the academic journal ''American Speech''. Since its foundation, dialectologists in English-speaking North America have affiliated themselves with the American Dialect Society, an association which in its first constitution defined its objective as "the investigation of the spoken English of the United States and Canada" (Constitution, 1890). Over the years, its objective has remained essentially the same, only expanded to encompass "the English language in North America, together with other languages or dialects of other languages influencing it or influenced by it" (Fundamentals, 1991). History The organization was founded as part of an effort to create a comprehensive American dialect dictionary, a near century-long undertaking ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1906 Births
Events January–February * January 12 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in Persia forces the shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar to grant a constitution, and establish a national assembly, the Majlis. * January 16–April 7 – The Algeciras Conference convenes, to resolve the First Moroccan Crisis between French Third Republic, France and German Empire, Germany. * January 22 – The strikes a reef off Vancouver Island, Canada, killing over 100 (officially 136) in the ensuing disaster. * January 31 – The 1906 Ecuador–Colombia earthquake, Ecuador–Colombia earthquake (8.8 on the Moment magnitude scale), and associated tsunami, cause at least 500 deaths. * February 7 – is launched, sparking a Anglo-German naval arms race, naval race between Britain and Germany. * February 11 ** Pope Pius X publishes the encyclical ''Vehementer Nos'', denouncing the 1905 French law on t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odd S
Odd means unpaired, occasional, strange or unusual, or a person who is viewed as eccentric. Odd may also refer to: Acronym * ODD (Text Encoding Initiative) ("One Document Does it all"), an abstracted literate-programming format for describing XML schemas * Oodnadatta Airport (IATA: ODD), South Australia * Oppositional defiant disorder, a mental disorder characterized by anger-guided, hostile behavior * Operational due diligence * Operational Design Domain (ODD) in case of autonomous cars * Optical disc drive * ''ODD'', a 2007 play by Hal Corley about a teenager with oppositional defiant disorder Mathematics * Even and odd numbers, an integer is odd if dividing by two does not yield an integer * Even and odd functions, a function is odd if ''f''(−''x'') = −''f''(''x'') for all ''x'' * Even and odd permutations, a permutation of a finite set is odd if it is composed of an odd number of transpositions Ships * HNoMS ''Odd'', a Storm-class patrol boat of the Royal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schizoglossia
Schizoglossia refers to linguistic insecurity or language complex about one's native language. The term was coined by Einar Haugen in 1962. Linguistic insecurity is common in societies where there are two language varieties and one is seen as "incorrect" and the other as a prestigious standard idiom. For example: Standard French versus Haitian creole or Standard American English versus Afro-American English. In these cases, one variety is seen as "bad" and its speaker might want to "correct" some usages for some more prestigious alternatives. Those negative attitudes usually make the speakers ashamed of language usage The usage of a language is the ways in which its written and spoken variations are routinely employed by its speakers; that is, it refers to "the collective habits of a language's native speakers", as opposed to idealized models of how a languag ... that does not convey prestige, either openly or indirectly by using linguistic characteristics, such as pronunc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ole Bull
Ole Bornemann Bull (; 5 February 181017 August 1880) was a Norwegian virtuoso violinist and composer. According to Robert Schumann, he was on a level with Niccolò Paganini for the speed and clarity of his playing. Biography Background Bull was born in Bergen, Norway. He was the eldest of ten children of Johan Storm Bull (1787–1838) and Anna Dorothea Borse Geelmuyden (1789–1875). His brother, Georg Andreas Bull became a noted Norwegian architect. He was also the uncle of Edvard Hagerup Bull, Norwegian judge and politician. His father wished for him to become a minister, but he desired a musical career. At the age of four or five, he could play all of the songs he had heard his mother play on the violin. At age nine, he played first violin in the orchestra of Bergen's theatre and was a soloist with the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra. At eighteen, he was sent to the University of Christiania, but failed his examinations. He joined the Musical Lyceum, a musical society, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecolinguistics
Ecolinguistics, or ecological linguistics, emerged in the 1990s as a new paradigm of linguistic research, widening sociolinguistics to take into account not only the social context in which language is embedded, but also the wider ecological context, including other species and the physical environment. Michael Halliday's 1990 speech ''New ways of Meaning: the challenge to applied linguistics'' is often credited as a work which provided the stimulus for linguists to consider the ecological context and consequences of language. Among other things, the challenge that Halliday put forward was to make linguistics relevant to overarching contemporary issues, particularly the widespread destruction of ecosystems. The main example Halliday gave was that of "economic growth", describing how "countless texts repeated daily all around the world contain a simple message: growth is good. Many is better than few, more is better than less, big is better than small, grow is better than shrink", ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Norse
Old Norse, Old Nordic, or Old Scandinavian, is a stage of development of North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages. Old Norse was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and their overseas settlements and chronologically coincides with the Viking Age, the Christianization of Scandinavia and the consolidation of Scandinavian kingdoms from about the 7th to the 15th centuries. The Proto-Norse language developed into Old Norse by the 8th century, and Old Norse began to develop into the modern North Germanic languages in the mid-to-late 14th century, ending the language phase known as Old Norse. These dates, however, are not absolute, since written Old Norse is found well into the 15th century. Old Norse was divided into three dialects: ''Old West Norse'' or ''Old West Nordic'' (often referred to as ''Old Norse''), ''Old East Norse'' or ''Old East Nordic'', and '' Old Gutnish''. Old West Norse and Old East Norse formed a dialect co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sociolinguistics
Sociolinguistics is the descriptive study of the effect of any or all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used, and society's effect on language. It can overlap with the sociology of language, which focuses on the effect of language on society. Sociolinguistics overlaps considerably with pragmatics and is closely related to linguistic anthropology. Sociolinguistics' historical interrelation with anthropology can be observed in studies of how language varieties differ between groups separated by social variables (e.g., ethnicity, religion, status, gender, level of education, age, etc.) and/or geographical barriers (a mountain range, a desert, a river, etc.). Such studies also examine how such differences in usage and differences in beliefs about usage produce and reflect social or socioeconomic classes. As the usage of a language varies from place to place, language usage also varies among social classes, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian University Of Science And Technology
Norwegian, Norwayan, or Norsk may refer to: *Something of, from, or related to Norway, a country in northwestern Europe *Norwegians, both a nation and an ethnic group native to Norway * Demographics of Norway *The Norwegian language, including the two official written forms: **Bokmål, literally "book language", used by 85–90% of the population of Norway **Nynorsk, literally "New Norwegian", used by 10–15% of the population of Norway *The Norwegian Sea Norwegian or may also refer to: Norwegian * Norwegian Air Shuttle, an airline, trading as Norwegian ** Norwegian Long Haul, a defunct subsidiary of Norwegian Air Shuttle, flying long-haul flights * Norwegian Air Lines, a former airline, merged with Scandinavian Airlines in 1951 * Norwegian coupling, used for narrow-gauge railways * Norwegian Cruise Line, a cruise line * Norwegian Elkhound, a canine breed. * Norwegian Forest cat, a domestic feline breed * Norwegian Red, a breed of dairy cattle * Norwegian Township, Schuylki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian Institute Of Technology
The Norwegian Institute of Technology ( Norwegian: ''Norges tekniske høgskole'', NTH) was a science institute in Trondheim, Norway. It was established in 1910, and existed as an independent technical university for 58 years, after which it was merged into the University of Trondheim as an independent college. In 1996 NTH ceased to exist as an organizational superstructure when the university was restructured and rebranded. The former NTH departments are now basic building blocks of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). NTH was primarily a polytechnic institute, educating master level engineers as well as architects. In 1992 NTH had 7627 master and doctoral students and 1591 employees; it graduated 1262 chartered engineers (master level), 52 chartered architects, and 92 Dr.Ing. (PhD). The operating budget was equivalent to US$100 M, and the total premises amounted to around 260,000 m2 (64 acres). Since the merger, it forms a part of the university c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
