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Eumaeini
The Eumaeini are a tribe of gossamer-winged butterflies (family Lycaenidae). They are typically placed in the subfamily Theclinae, but sometimes considered a separate subfamily Eumaeinae. Over 1,000 species are found in the Neotropical realm Systematics As not all Theclinae have been assigned to tribes, the genus list is preliminary. However, much progress has been made in sorting out the profusion of synonymous taxa, and at least some degree of stability has been achieved in the early years of the 21st century. While there is no good phylogenetic hypothesis yet for the subfamily, groups of at least apparently related genera have been delimited. They are sometimes called "sections", but do not correspond to the taxonomic rank of section (the section in which the gossamer-winged butterflies are placed is the Cossina); if validated as clades and assigned taxonomic rank, they would qualify as subtribes.See Brower (2008) and the references in Savela (2008) There is still much ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamasina
''Lamasina'' is a genus of gossamer-winged butterflies (family (biology), family Lycaenidae); the validity of its name is subject to dispute. Among its family, these sexual dimorphism, sexually dimorphic Lepidoptera belong to the tribe (biology), tribe Eumaeini of the subfamily Theclinae. ''Lamasina'' species are found mainly in northern South America, approximately to the Guyanas. ''Lamasina draudti, L. draudti'' is also found in Central America south of the Yucatán Peninsula. In the Andes, the genus extends somewhat further south; ''Lamasina rhaptissima, L. rhaptissima'' almost reaches Bolivia.Robbins & Lamas (2008), and see references in Savela (2011) The genus name has changed two times since the year 2000 for technical reasons. The question of which name is correct is not yet fully resolved, though ''Lamasina'' seems to be preferred.Robbins & Lamas (2008) Description They show some similarity to ''Evenus (butterfly), Evenus'' (probably a close relative) and ''Paiwarria'' ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evenus (butterfly)
''Evenus'' is a butterfly genus in the family Lycaenidae, with species ranging from North to South America. Species list * '' Evenus regalis'' (Cramer, 1775) – type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...Sermeño, J. M., Robbins, R. K., Lamas, G., & Gámez, J. A. (2013). Cría en laboratorio de las" joyas vivientes" de El Salvador, Evenus regalis (Cramer) y Evenus batesii (Hewitson)(Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). ''Bioma''. * '' Evenus coronata'' (Hewitson, 1865)– crowned hairstreakNeild, A. F., & Bálint, Z. (2014). Notes on the identity of Evenus coronata (Hewitson, 1865)(Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae: Eumaeini) with the description of a remarkably overlooked sibling species. ''Tropical Lepidoptera Research'', 105-120. * '' Evenus gabriela'' (Cramer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enos (butterfly)
''Enos'' is a genus of gossamer-winged butterflies (family Lycaenidae). Among these, it belongs belong to the tribe Eumaeini of the subfamily Theclinae. These small butterflies occur essentially all over the Neotropics. This genus has a somewhat convoluted nomenclatorial and taxonomic history. It was established only fairly recently, but most of its members were in fact already known to the 19th century researcher William Chapman Hewitson. Hewitson did not yet recognize their distinctness though, and included them in his " wastebin genus" ''Thecla''. However, the two genera are not particularly close relatives among their subfamily. Classification The genus was established within months by different team of authors; as usual in such cases, the junior synonym ''Falerinota'' was abolished in favor of the older name ''Enos''. Its known species are, as of 2011:Wikispecies 2012-APR-01, and see references in Savela (2011) * '' Enos falerina'' (Hewitson, 1867) * '' Enos mazurka'' (Hewi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brangas
''Brangas'' is a genus of hairstreaks in the butterfly family Lycaenidae, found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. There are about 16 described species in ''Brangas''. Species These species belong to the genus ''Brangas'': * '' Brangas caranus'' (Stoll, 1780) - western Ecuador to French Guiana, south to southern Brazil * '' Brangas carthaea'' (Hewitson, 1868) - Mexico to western Ecuador * '' Brangas coccineifrons'' (Godman & Salvin, 1887) - Mexico to western Ecuador * '' Brangas dydimaon'' (Cramer, 1777) - Amazonian Region * '' Brangas felderi'' (Goodson, 1945) - Colombia to Peru * '' Brangas getus'' (Fabricius, 1787) - Mexico to Argentina, Paraguay, and southern Brazil * '' Brangas insolitus'' Bálint & Faynel, 2008 - Ecuador to Peru * '' Brangas moserorum'' Bálint & Faynel, 2008 - Paraguay and southern Brazil * '' Brangas neildonatus'' Bálint & Faynel, 2008 - Venezuelan northern coast. * '' Brangas neora'' (Hewitson, 1867) - Mexico to southern Brazil * '' Brangas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theorema
''Theorema'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The members of this genus are found in the Neotropical realm The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropics, tropical Ecoregion#Terrestrial, terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperat .... Species *'' Theorema eumenia'' Hewitson, 1865 Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama *'' Theorema sapho'' Staudinger, 1888 Colombia *'' Theorema dysmenia'' Draudt, 1919 Colombia References Further reading *Funet Eumaeini Lycaenidae of South America Lycaenidae genera Taxa named by William Chapman Hewitson {{Eumaeini-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paiwarria
''Paiwarria'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are found in the Neotropical realm. Species *'' Paiwarria antinous'' (C. & R. Felder, 865 *'' Paiwarria aphaca'' (Hewitson, 1867) *'' Paiwarria chuchuvia'' Hall & Willmott, 2005 *'' Paiwarria episcopalis'' (Fassl, 1912) *'' Paiwarria telemus'' (Cramer, 775 *'' Paiwarria umbratus'' (Geyer, 1837) *'' Paiwarria venulius'' (Cramer, 779 __NOTOC__ Year 779 ( DCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 779 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europ ... External links "''Paiwarria'' Kaye, 1904"at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms'' Eumaeini Lycaenidae of South America Lycaenidae genera {{Eumaeini-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mithras (butterfly)
''Mithras'' is a Neotropical genus of butterfly in the family Lycaenidae Lycaenidae is the second-largest family (biology), family of butterflies (behind Nymphalidae, brush-footed butterflies), with over 6,000 species worldwide, whose members are also called gossamer-winged butterflies. They constitute about 30% of .... References Eumaeini Lycaenidae of South America Lycaenidae genera Taxa named by Jacob Hübner {{Eumaeini-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Callophrys
The genus ''Callophrys'' consists of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. It is apparently not monophyletic, but which of the taxa currently considered junior synonyms of ''Callophrys'' are valid genera remains to be determined. The Asian and European members of this genus and some North American species are commonly known as green hairstreaks, and the North American species in the subgenus ''Incisalia'' are called elfins. Species Listed alphabetically within groups. Subgenus ''Callophrys'' Billberg, 1820: * '' Callophrys affinis'' (W. H. Edwards, 1862) – western green hairstreak, immaculate green hairstreak * '' Callophrys amphichloros'' (Cabeau, 1923) * '' Callophrys androflavus'' (Capuse, 1963) * '' Callophrys armeniaca'' Zhdanko, 1998 * '' Callophrys apama'' (W. H. Edwards, 1882) – canyon green hairstreak * '' Callophrys avis'' Chapman, 1909 – Chapman's green hairstreak * '' Callophrys barraguei'' (Dujardin, 1972) * '' Callophrys bipunctata'' (Tutt, 1907) * '' Callophr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dabreras
''Dabreras'' is a Neotropical butterfly genus in the family Lycaenidae. The genus is monotypic containing the single species ''Dabreras teucria'', which is found from Venezuela to Peru and Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population .... References Lycaenidae of South America Eumaeini Monotypic butterfly genera {{Lycaenidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theclinae
The subfamily Theclinae is a group of butterflies, often referred to as hairstreaks, with some species instead known as elfins or by other names. The group is part of the family Lycaenidae, the "gossamer-winged butterflies". There are many tropical species as well as a number found in the Americas. Tropical hairstreaks often have iridescent blue coloration above, caused by reflected light from the structure of the wing scales rather than by pigment. Hairstreaks from North America are commonly brown above. Few Theclinae are migratory. Members of this group are described as 'thecline'. Family characteristics Morphology: Members of the ''Lycaenidae'' family, including Theclinae, typically possess smooth or hairy eyes bordered by white scales. The labial palps are forward-projecting or slightly upturned, and the antennae are approximately half the length of the forewing, ending in elongated clubs. Both sexes have fully functional legs, although male forelegs are often reduced compa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neotropical Realm
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropics, tropical Ecoregion#Terrestrial, terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate climate, temperate zone. Definition In biogeography, the Neotropic or Neotropical realm is one of the eight terrestrial realms. This realm includes South America, Central America, the Caribbean Islands, and southern North America. In Mexico, the Yucatán Peninsula and southern lowlands, and most of the east and west coastlines, including the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula are Neotropical. In the United States southern Florida and coastal Central Florida are considered Neotropical. The realm also includes temperate southern South America. In contrast, the Neotropical Phytochorion, Floristic Kingdom excludes southernmost South America, which instead is placed in the Antarctic Floristic Kingdom, Antarctic kingdom. The Neo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eumaeus (butterfly)
''Eumaeus'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae, commonly known as cycadians. All known species are obligate herbivores on cycads. Distribution Species of ''Eumaeus'' occur from central Mexico, Florida, and the West Indies to Bolivia, Brazil and Peru. ''Eumaeus atala, E. atala'' occurs in the West Indies and Florida. ''Eumaeus childrenae, E. childrenae'' and ''Eumaeus toxea, E. toxea'' both occur in Mexico, with some overlap in their ranges. ''Eumaeus godartii, E. godartii'' occurs in the Isthmus (southern Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama) and western South America. ''Eumaeus minyas, E. minyas'' and ''Eumaeus toxana, E. toxana'' both occur in South America east of the Andes. Their ranges are not well understood, but overlap in Peru. The Isthmus and South American species of ''Eumaeus'', ''E. godartii'', ''E. minyas'', and ''E. toxana'', form a clade. Obligate herbivory Caterpillars of the genus ''Eumaeus'' are obligate herbivores of cycads in the genera ''Zamia'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
