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Esen Buqa I
Esen Buqa I was Khan (title), Khan of the Chagatai Khanate (1310 – c. 1318). He was the son of Duwa. In 1309 Esen Buqa's brother Kebek ordered a meeting (''quriltai'') to determine the future of the khanate following his seizure of power. The meeting resulted in Esen Buqa being proclaimed khan. Conflict with the Yuan dynasty and the Ilkhanate Esen Buqa spent the bulk of his reign in conflict with two of his neighbors, the Yuan dynasty of China and the Ilkhanate of Persian Empire, Persia. The Chagataid feared a Yuan-Ilkhanate alliance against the state; this fear was caused by the testimony of the Yuan's emissary to the Ilkhanate, Abishqa. The diplomat, while travelling through Central Asia, revealed to a Chagataid commander that such an alliance had been created, and Yuan-Ilkhanate forces were mobilizing to attack the khanate. Abishqa's testimony was never corroborated with any evidence, but Esen Buqa remained convinced of the truth of his statement. However, the Yuan armies r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ghiyas-ud-din Baraq
Baraq ( Chagatai and Persian: غیاث الدین براق) was Khan of the Chagatai Khanate (1266–1271). He was a son of Yesünto'a and a great-grandson of Chagatai Khan. A convert to Islam, he took the name Ghiyas-ud-din. Background Baraq's family had moved to China following his father's exile by the Great Khan Möngke Khan for his support of the house of Ögedei Khan. Baraq grew up in the camp of Kublai Khan and gained distinction there. Early 1260s Sometime in the early 1260s he traveled to Central Asia and earned the trust of Mubarak Shah, the Chagatai Khan. When the latter was again enthroned as Chagatai Khan in 1266, Baraq gained support among the army for a coup and deposed Mubarak Shah in September of that year. Almost immediately, he repudiated the authority of Kublai as Great Khan, removed Kublai's representative of Turkestan, and replaced him with one of his own governors. His vastly superior army prevented Kublai's officers from expelling him, and Khotan was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
1318 Deaths
Year 1318 ( MCCCXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. Events January – March * January 23 – Pope John XXII issues the papal bull ''Gloriosam ecclesiam'', excommunicating the Fraticelli, or Spiritual Franciscans from the Roman Catholic Church. The group is known for pursuing strictly the Franciscan ideal of Apostolic poverty and attempting to force others to do so. The Pope cites as reasons for the excommunication that the adherents are guilty of making accusations of corruption, against the Church, denial of the authority of priests, refusal to take oaths to the church, teaching that priests could not confer sacraments, and claiming to be the only group to be true observers of the Gospel. * January 26 – Sir Gilbert Middleton, an English knight who had rebelled against King Edward II and kidnapped the Bishop of Durham on September 1, is convicted of treason and then executed by being hanged, drawn and quartered."Middleton, Sir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Abdul Karim Khan (Yarkand)
Abdul Karim Khan (Chagatai language, Chagatai and Persian language, Persian: عبد الکریم خان) was the ruler of Yarkent Khanate in what is now north-west China (Xinjiang) between 1560 and 1591. He was second son of Abdurashid Khan. During his reign, he lost control over a number of oases and merely acted as the titular figurehead ruler. Abdul Karim Khan was a descendant of the first Moghul Khan Tughlugh Timur (1347–1363). He came to power in 1560. He became the Khan as the eldest son in the family after the death of his father Abdurashid Khan. Abdul Karim Khan distributed between his brothers all the troops and gold that he inherited from his father and increased troop numbers following the failed attempt by the Barlas emirs to replace him with his brother Sufi Sultan, who ruled in Kashgar. He expelled the Hakim (title), hakim of Yarkant County, Yarkand, Mahmud Barlas, and the emir of Khotan, Ahmad Barlas, and dispersed their 3,000 troops. He sent his brother Abdura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Abdurashid Khan
Abdurashid Khan (Chagatai language, Chagatai and Persian language, Persian: عبد الرشید خان), (1508-1560) was the ruler of the Yarkent Khanate. Biography Abdurashid Khan was a descendant of the first Moghul Khan Tughlugh Timur, Tughluk Timur Khan (1347-1363) and was born in 1508. He came to power in 1533 when his father and predecessor Sultan Said Khan died of altitude sickness during a military expedition in the region of Kashmir. One of Abdul Rasid Khan's wives was Amannisa Khan. She is credited with collecting and thereby preserving the Twelve Muqam, which is today considered one traditional musical style of the Uyghur people, Uyghur people of East Turkistan, Today’s Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. The Muqam of Xinjiang has been designated by UNESCO as part of the Intangible Heritage of Humanity. In 1538, Abdurashid Khan concluded a treaty with Uzbekistan, Uzbek Chief Ubaydullah Sultan, who ruled the Khanate of Bukhara at the time (1533–1539). He also com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sultan Said Khan
Sultan Said Khan (Chagatai language, Chagatai and Persian language, Persian: سلطان سعید خان) ruled the Yarkent Khanate from September 1514 to July 1533. He was born in the late 15th century in Moghulistan, and he was a direct descendant of the first Moghul Khan, Tughlugh Timur, who had founded the state of Moghulistan in 1348 and ruled until 1363. The Moghuls were turkicized Mongols who had converted to Islam. Some English sources refer to this ruler as Abusaid. Background When the Chagatai Khanate, Chagatai ''ulus'', which embraced both East and West Turkestan, collapsed, the result was the creation of two different states: ''Maverannahr'' in West Turkestan, with its capital at Samarkand, where Timur, Timur the Great came to power in 1370, and Moghulistan, with its capital at Almaliq, Xinjiang, Almalik, near the present-day town of Yining (city), Gulja, in the Ili River, Ili valley. Moghulistan embraced settled lands in Eastern Turkestan as well as nomad la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ahmad Alaq
Sultan Ahmad Khan ( Chagatai and Persian: سلطان احمد خان; b. 1465 – 1504), better known as Ahmad Alaq was the Khan of Eastern Moghulistan ( Turpan Khanate) from 1487 to 1504. He was the second son of Yunus Khan. His mother was Shah Begum, fourth daughter of Badakhshan prince Lali. Ahmad Alaq was a direct male-line descendant of Genghis Khan, through his son Chagatai Khan. Life During his father's lifetime Ahmad was behind several rebellions against him. When Yunus Khan took up residence in Tashkent in 1484, Ahmad and a large body of Moghuls fled to the steppes. In 1487, Ahmad's father died and was succeeded in the territory he still controlled by another son, Mahmud Khan. Ahmad's reign was marked by conflicts with several of his neighbors. Conflict in the Ming Turpan Border Wars over Hami with the Ming Dynasty China resulted in an economic blockade of the region, which allowed the Chinese to eventually emerge victorious. A campaign against the Mirza Abu B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Yunus Khan
Yunus Khan (b. 1416 – d. 1487) ( Chagatai and Persian: یونس خان), was Khan of Moghulistan from 1462 until his death in 1487. He is identified by many historians with Ḥājjī `Ali (, Pinyin: ''Hazhi Ali''; Chagatai and Persian: حاجی علی), of the contemporary Chinese records. He was the maternal grandfather of Babur, founder of the Mughal Empire. Yunus Khan was a direct male-line descendant of Genghis Khan, through his son Chagatai Khan. Background and family Yunus Ali was the eldest son of Uwais Khan (or Vais Khan) of Moghulistan. When Vais Khan was killed in 1428 AD, the Moghuls were split as to who should succeed him. Although 12-year-old Yunus Khan was his eldest son, the majority favored Yunus' younger brother, Esen Buqa. As a result, Yunus and his supporters fled to Ulugh Beg, the Timurid ruler of Transoxiana, who however imprisoned the group. Ulugh Beg's father, Shah Rukh, took charge of the young Yunus and treated him well. He sent Yunus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Uwais Khan
Uwais Khan ibn Sher Ali ( Chagatai and Persian: اویس خان ابن شیر علی) also referred to as Sultan Vais Khan, was the Moghul Khan of Mughalistan; (first from 1418 to 1421 C.E. and again from 1425 to 1429 C.E.). He was the nephew of Sher Muhammad. In English, his name has been variously spelled and pronounced as either Awais, Owais or Vais.The Tarikh-i-Rashidi: a history of the Moghuls of central Asia by Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat; Editor: N. Elias, Translated by Sir Edward Denison Ross, Publisher:S. Low, Marston and co., 189/ref> Early life After the death of his father, he was in the service of his uncle, Sher Muhammad. After a time he began to find his condition irksome, and therefore fled from the court, and took to the life of a ''Kazaki'' (robber). Many distinguished Moghul youths volunteered to follow him. Among this number was Amir Sayyid Ali Dughlat (Grandfather of Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat). Amir Sayyid Ali Dughlat was the son of Sayyid Ahm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Shir Ali Oglan
Sher Ali Oglan ( Chagatai and Persian: شیر علی اغلان) was a son of Muhammad Khan of Moghulistan. According to Moghul historian Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat he was a wealthy prince. He never became Khan of Moghulistan but his son Uwais Khan was khan of Moghulistan. Genealogy of Chaghatai Khanate In Babr Nama written by Babur Babur (; 14 February 148326 December 1530; born Zahīr ud-Dīn Muhammad) was the founder of the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent. He was a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan through his father and mother respectively. He was also ..., Page 19, Chapter 1; described genealogy of his maternal grandfather Yunas Khan as: "Yunas Khan descended from Chaghatal Khan, the second son of Chingiz Khan (as follows,) Yunas Khan, son of Wais Khan, son of Sher-'ali Aughldn, son of Muhammad Khan, son of Khizr Khwaja Khan, son of Tughluq-timur Khan, son of Aisan-bugha Khan, son of Dawa Khan, son of Baraq Khan, son of Yesuntawa Khan, son of Muatuka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
