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Epistolary Novel
An epistolary novel () is a novel written as a series of letters between the fictional characters of a narrative. The term is often extended to cover novels that intersperse other kinds of fictional document with the letters, most commonly diary entries and newspaper clippings, and sometimes considered to include novels composed of documents even if they do not include letters at all. More recently, epistolaries may include electronic documents such as recordings and radio, blog posts, and e-mails. The word '' epistolary'' is derived from Latin from the Greek word (), meaning a letter . This type of fiction is also sometimes known by the German term ''Briefroman'' or more generally as epistolary fiction. The epistolary form can be seen as adding greater realism to a story, due to the text existing diegetically within the lives of the characters. It is in particular able to demonstrate differing points of view without recourse to the device of an omniscient narrator. An ...
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Young Werther Sits At His Writing Desk As A Young Boy Brings Wellcome V0041580
Young may refer to: * Offspring, the product of reproduction of a new organism produced by one or more parents * Youth, the time of life when one's age is low, often meaning the time between childhood and adulthood Music * The Young, an American rock band * ''Young'', an EP by Charlotte Lawrence, 2018 Songs * Young (Baekhyun and Loco song), "Young" (Baekhyun and Loco song), 2018 * Young (The Chainsmokers song), "Young" (The Chainsmokers song), 2017 * Young (Hollywood Undead song), "Young" (Hollywood Undead song), 2009 * Young (Kenny Chesney song), "Young" (Kenny Chesney song), 2002 * Young (Place on Earth song), "Young" (Place on Earth song), 2018 * Young (Tulisa song), "Young" (Tulisa song), 2012 * "Young", by Ella Henderson discography#Singles, Ella Henderson, 2019 * "Young", by Lil Wayne from ''Dedication 6'', 2017 * "Young", by Nickel Creek from ''This Side'', 2002 * "Young", by Sam Smith from ''Love Goes'', 2020 * "Young", by Silkworm from ''Italian Platinum'', 2002 * "Young ...
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Behn Love-Letters 1684
Behn may refer to: People Surname * Aphra Behn (' 1640 – 1689), English dramatist * Ari Behn (1972–2019), Norwegian author and husband to Princess Märtha Louise of Norway * Friedl Behn-Grund (1906–1989), German cinematographer * Hernán Behn (died 1933), Puerto Rican businessman; brother of Sosthenes Behn * Harry Behn (also known as Giles Behn; 1898–1973), U.S. screenwriter and children's author * Jerry Behn (born 1954), U.S. politician * Noel Behn (1928?–1998), U.S. novelist, screenwriter, and theatrical producer * Richard R. Behn (fl. 1978-2007), NOAA rear admiral * Robin Behn (born 1958), U.S. poet and professor * Sarla Behn (born Catherine Mary Heilman; 1901–1982), English Gandhian social activist * Sosthenes Behn (1882–1957), Puerto Rican businessman; brother of Hernan Behn * Wilhelm Friedrich Georg Behn (1808–1878), German anatomist and zoologist Given name * Behn Wilson Bevan Alexander Behn Wilson (born December 19, 1958) is a Canadian former ...
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Pamela (novel)
''Pamela; or, Virtue Rewarded'' is an epistolary novel first published in 1740 by the English writer Samuel Richardson. Considered one of the first true English novels, it serves as Richardson's version of conduct literature about marriage. ''Pamela'' tells the story of a fifteen-year-old maidservant named Pamela Andrews, whose employer, Mr. B, a wealthy landowner, makes unwanted and inappropriate advances towards her after the death of his mother. Pamela strives to reconcile her strong religious training with her desire for the approval of her employer in a series of letters and, later in the novel, journal entries all addressed to her impoverished parents. After various unsuccessful attempts at seduction, a series of sexual assaults and an extended period of kidnapping, the rakish Mr. B eventually reforms and makes Pamela a sincere proposal of marriage. In the novel's second part, Pamela marries Mr. B and tries to acclimatise to her new position in upper-class society. Th ...
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Samuel Richardson
Samuel Richardson (baptised 19 August 1689 – 4 July 1761) was an English writer and printer known for three epistolary novels: '' Pamela; or, Virtue Rewarded'' (1740), '' Clarissa: Or the History of a Young Lady'' (1748) and '' The History of Sir Charles Grandison'' (1753). He printed almost 500 works, including journals and magazines, working periodically with the London bookseller Andrew Millar. Richardson had been apprenticed to a printer, whose daughter he eventually married. He lost her along with their six children, but remarried and had six more children, of whom four daughters reached adulthood, leaving no male heirs to continue the print shop. As it ran down, he wrote his first novel at the age of 51 and joined the admired writers of his day. Leading acquaintances included Samuel Johnson and Sarah Fielding, the physician and Behmenist George Cheyne, and the theologian and writer William Law, whose books he printed. At Law's request, Richardson printed some po ...
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Aphra Behn
Aphra Behn (; baptism, bapt. 14 December 1640 – 16 April 1689) was an English playwright, poet, prose writer and translator from the Restoration (England), Restoration era. As one of the first English women to earn her living by her writing, she broke cultural barriers and served as a literary role model for later generations of women authors. Rising from obscurity, she came to the notice of Charles II of England, Charles II, who employed her as a spy in Antwerp. Upon her return to London and a probable brief stay in debtors' prison, she began writing for the stage. She belonged to a coterie of poets and famous libertines such as John Wilmot, Lord Rochester. Behn wrote under the pastoral pseudonym Astraea (mythology), Astrea. During the turbulent political times of the Exclusion Crisis, she wrote an epilogue and prologue that brought her legal trouble; she thereafter devoted most of her writing to prose genres and translations. A staunch supporter of the Stuart line, Beh ...
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Love-Letters Between A Nobleman And His Sister
''Love-Letters Between a Nobleman and His Sister'' is a three-volume roman à clef by Aphra Behn playing with events of the Monmouth Rebellion and exploring the genre of the epistolary novel. The first volume, published in 1684, lays some claim to be the first English novel. Some scholars claim that the attribution to Behn remains in dispute. The novel is "based loosely on an affair between Ford, Lord Grey of Werke, and his wife's sister, Lady Henrietta Berkeley, a scandal that broke in London in 1682". It was originally published as three separate volumes: ''Love-Letters Between a Noble-Man and his Sister'' (1684), ''Love-Letters from a Noble Man to his Sister: Mixt with the History of Their Adventures. The Second Part by the Same Hand'' (1685), and ''The Amours of Philander and Silvia'' (1687). The copyright holder was Joseph Hindmarsh, later joined by Jacob Tonson. The novel has been of interest for several reasons. First, some argue that it is the first novel in Engl ...
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Epistolae Ho-Elianae
''Epistolae Ho-Elianae'' (or ''Familiar Letters'') is a literary work by the 17th-century Anglo-Welsh historian and writer, James Howell. It was mainly written when Howell was in the Fleet Prison, during the 1640s; but its content reflects earlier travels he made from 1616 on behalf of a London glass factory. It appeared in three volumes from 1645 to 1650. A fourth volume was added in a collected edition of 1655. It has been suggested that some of the letters are fictional. The selection of the recipients has also been attributed to patronage relationships. A "Mrs. A. W." who occurs as recipient has been fitted to another letter by Howell to provide a tentative deductive identification of the author of ''A Continuation of Sir Philip Sydney's Arcadia'' (1651) as Anna Weamys, who is not otherwise traced as a writer. As travel literature, Howell's work largely neglects scenic description. But some of the language used has been described as a possible source for the work of Joshua ...
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James Howell
James Howell ( – ) was a Welsh writer and historian. The son of a Welsh clergyman, he was for much of his life in the shadow of his elder brother Thomas Howell (bishop), Thomas Howell, who became Lord Bishop of Bristol. Education In 1613 he gained his B.A. from Jesus College, Oxford – he was to be elected to a Oxbridge Fellow, fellowship at Jesus College in 1623, but he was never formally admitted and his place was taken by another in 1626. Until he was 13, he was schooled in Hereford. He went to Oxford at the age of 19. Career After graduation, he had a variety of employments, as an administrator for a glass manufacturer, and in the often combined roles of secretary and instructor to several noble families. As factory agent and negotiator he traveled widely in Europe and learned to speak several languages, apparently with great facility. He also met and befriended numerous literary figures, among them Ben Jonson and Kenelm Digby. Paramount amongst his priorities was h ...
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Guilleragues
Gabriel-Joseph de Lavergne, comte de Guilleragues (1628–1684), was a French politician of the 17th century. For a time, he was secretary of the King's Chamber, and he also director of the '' Gazette de France''. In 1677, he was named ambassador at the Ottoman Court. In 1679 and 1680, Louis XIV through Guilleragues encouraged the Ottoman Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa to intervene in the Magyar Rebellion against the Habsburg, but without success. Louis XIV communicated to the Turks that he would never fight on the side of the Austrian Emperor Leopold I, and he instead massed troops at the eastern frontier of France. These reassurances encouraged the Turks not to renew the 20-year 1664 Vasvár truce with Austria and to move to the offensive. Guilleragues died of apoplexy in Constantinople in 1684. He is thought to have been the author of '' Letters of a Portuguese Nun''. Works * ''Relation véritable de ce qui s'est passé à Constantinople'' * ''Ambassade du Comte de Guilleragu ...
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Marianna Alcoforado
Sóror Mariana Alcoforado (Santa Maria da Feira, Beja, 22 April 1640Beja, 28 July 1723) was a Portuguese nun living in the convent of the Poor Clares (Convento de Nossa Senhora da Conceição, ''Convent of Our Lady of the Conception'') in Beja, Portugal. Debate continues as to whether Mariana was the real Portuguese author of the ''Letters of a Portuguese Nun'' (comprising five letters). Her purported love affair with the French officer Noël Bouton, Marquis de Chamilly and later Marshal of France, has made Beja famous in literary circles, mainly in Portugal and France. Some literary scholars consider the letters a fictional work and ascribe their authorship to Gabriel-Joseph de Lavergne, comte de Guilleragues (1628–1684), although a real nun named Mariana Alcoforado indeed existed. In her recent book '' Letters of a Portuguese Nun: Uncovering the Mystery Behind a Seventeenth-Century Forbidden Love'' (2006), the author Myriam Cyr has attempted to reassert the attribution o ...
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Gabriel-Joseph De La Vergne, Comte De Guilleragues
Gabriel-Joseph de Lavergne, comte de Guilleragues (1628–1684), was a French politician of the 17th century. For a time, he was secretary of the King's Chamber, and he also director of the '' Gazette de France''. In 1677, he was named ambassador at the Ottoman Court. In 1679 and 1680, Louis XIV through Guilleragues encouraged the Ottoman Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa to intervene in the Magyar Rebellion against the Habsburg, but without success. Louis XIV communicated to the Turks that he would never fight on the side of the Austrian Emperor Leopold I, and he instead massed troops at the eastern frontier of France. These reassurances encouraged the Turks not to renew the 20-year 1664 Vasvár truce with Austria and to move to the offensive. Guilleragues died of apoplexy in Constantinople in 1684. He is thought to have been the author of ''Letters of a Portuguese Nun''. Works * ''Relation véritable de ce qui s'est passé à Constantinople'' * ''Ambassade du Comte de Guillerague ...
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Letters Of A Portuguese Nun
The ''Letters of a Portuguese Nun'' ( French: ''Les Lettres Portugaises'', literally ''The Portuguese Letters''), first published anonymously by Claude Barbin in Paris in 1669, is a work believed by most scholars to be epistolary fiction in the form of five letters written by Gabriel-Joseph de La Vergne, comte de Guilleragues (1628–1684), a minor peer, diplomat, secretary to the Prince of Conti, and friend of Madame de Sévigné, the poet Boileau, and the dramatist Jean Racine. Publication From the start, the passionate letters, in book form, were a European publishing sensation (in part because of their presumed authenticity), with five editions in the collection's first year, followed by more than forty editions throughout the 17th century. A Cologne edition of 1669 stated that the Marquis de Chamilly was their addressee, and this was confirmed by Saint-Simon and by Duclos, but, aside from the fact that she was female, the author's name and identity remained undivulged. T ...
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