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Enpō
(contemporarily written as 延寳) is the after ''Kanbun'' and before '' Tenna.'' This period spanned the years from September 1673 to September 1681. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1673 : The new era of ''Enpō'' (meaning "Prolonged Wealth") was created to mark a number of disasters, including a great fire in Kyōto. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Kanbun'' 14, on the ninth day of the 13th month. Events of the ''Enpō'' era * 1673 (''Enpō 1''): There was a great fire in Heian-kyō.Titsingh p. 414./ref> * 1673 (''Enpō 1''): The foundations for Mitsui financial success began with the opening of a dry good store in Edo. * May 10, 1674 (''Enpō 2, 5th day of the 4th month''): Ingen Ryūki, founder of the Ōbaku sect of Japanese Zen Buddhism, died at Manpuku-ji, a Buddhist temple which Ingen had founded at Uji, near Heian-kyō. * 1675 (''Enpō 3''): A devastating fire burned Heian-kyō. * 1675 (''Enpō 3''): The Bonin Islands (''Ogasawara'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Reigen Of Japan
, posthumously honored as was the 112th emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 霊元天皇 (112)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession.Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan'', pp. 117. Reigen's reign spanned the years from 1663 through 1687. Genealogy Before Reigen's ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (''imina'') was ; and his pre-accession title was . Reigen was the 16th son of Emperor Go-Mizunoo. His mother was the daughter of Minister of the Center Sonomotooto (内大臣園基音), Lady-in-Waiting Kuniko (新広義門院国子). Reigen's Imperial family lived with him in the Dairi of the Heian Palace. This family included at least 13 sons and 14 daughters: *Empress: Takatsukasa Fusako (鷹司房子) later Shin-jyōsaimon’in (新上西門院), Takatsukasa Norihira’s daughter. **Third daughter: Imperial Princess Masako (1673–1746; 栄子内親王) married Nijo Tsunahira *Lady-in-wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tenna
was a after ''Enpō'' and before ''Jōkyō.'' This period spanned the years from September 1681 through February 1684. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * '': The new era name of ''Tenna'' (meaning "Heavenly Imperial Peace") was created to mark the 58th year of a cycle of the Chinese zodiac. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in ''Enpō'' 9, on the 29th day of the 9th month. Events of the ''Tenna'' era * 1681 (''Tenna 1''): In Edo, the investiture of Tokugawa Tsunayoshi as the fifth ''shōgun'' of the Edo bakufu. * February 5, 1681 (''Tenna 1, 28th day of the 12th month''): The Great ''Tenna'' Fire in Edo.Titsingh p. 415./ref> * 1681 (''Tenna 2''): A famine afflicts Heian-kyō and the nearby areas. * March 3, 1683 (''Tenna 3, 5th day of the 2nd month''): Yaoya Oshichi was burned at the stake for arson. * 1683 (''Tenna 3''): Tokugawa shogunate grants permission for Mitsui money exchanges (''ryōgaeten'') to be established in Edo. * 1683 (''Tenna 4''): Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tokugawa Tsunayoshi
was the fifth ''shōgun'' of the Tokugawa dynasty of Japan. He was the younger brother of Tokugawa Ietsuna, as well as the son of Tokugawa Iemitsu, the grandson of Tokugawa Hidetada, and the great-grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Tokugawa, Tsunayoshi''" in ; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File. Tsunayoshi is known for instituting animal welfare laws, particularly for dogs. This earned him the nickname of "the dog ''Shogun''" (''Inu-Kubō'' 犬公方: ''Inu=''Dog, ''Kubō''=formal title of Shogun). Early years (1646–1680) Tokugawa Tsunayoshi was born on 23 February 1646, in Edo. He was the son of Tokugawa Iemitsu by one of his concubines, named Otama, later known as Keishōin 桂昌院 (1627–1705). Tsunayoshi had an elder brother already five years old, who would become the next shogun after Iemitsu's death, Tokugawa Ietsuna. Tsunayoshi was born in Edo and af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tokugawa Ietsuna
was the fourth ''shōgun'' of the Tokugawa dynasty of Japan who was in office from 1651 to 1680. He is considered the eldest son of Tokugawa Iemitsu, which makes him the grandson of Tokugawa Hidetada and the great-grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu. Early life (1641–1651) Tokugawa Ietsuna was born in 1641, allegedly the eldest son of Tokugawa Iemitsu with his concubine, Oraku no Kata later Houjuin. Later Ietsuna was raised with his sister, Chiyohime (born by Ofuri) by Iemitsu's concubine, Oman no kata (later Eikoin) and Iemitsu's wife, Takatsukasa Takako later Honriin. After Eikoin retired, Senhime (also called Tenjuin) raised him with Honriin.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Tokugawa, Ietsuna''" in ; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is a pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File. At that time his father was shogun in his own right and had enacted several anti-Christian measures after the bloody Shimabara Rebellion of 1637. Though the sup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kanbun (era)
was a after '' Manji'' and before ''Enpō.'' This period spanned the years from April 1661 to September 1673. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * 1661 : The new era name of ''Kanbun'' (meaning "Generous Art") was created to mark a number of disasters, including a great fire at the Imperial Palace. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Manji'' 4. Events of the ''Kanbun'' era * March 20, 1662 (''Kanbun 2, 1st day of the 2nd month''): There was a violent earthquake in Heian-kyō which destroyed the tomb of Toyotomi Hideyoshi , otherwise known as and , was a Japanese samurai and ''daimyō'' (feudal lord) of the late Sengoku period, Sengoku and Azuchi-Momoyama periods and regarded as the second "Great Unifier" of Japan.Richard Holmes, The World Atlas of Warfare: ... .Titsingh p. 413./ref> * 1662 (''Kanbun 2''): Emperor Gosai ordered Tosa Hiromichi (土佐広通, 1599–1670), a Tosa-school disciple, to adopt the name Sumiyoshi (probably in r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Eras
The or , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being "", meaning "origin, basis"), followed by the literal "" meaning "year". Era names originated in 140 BCE in Imperial China, during the reign of the Emperor Wu of Han. As elsewhere in the Sinosphere, the use of era names was originally derived from Chinese imperial practice, although the Japanese system is independent of the Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese era name systems. Unlike its other Sinosphere counterparts, Japanese era names are still in official use. Government offices usually require era names and years for official papers. The five era names used since the end of the Edo period in 1868 can be abbreviated by taking the first letter of their romanized names. For example, S55 means Shōwa 55 (i.e. 1980), and H22 stands for Heisei 22 (2010). At 62 years and 2 weeks, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitsui
is a Japanese corporate group and '' keiretsu'' that traces its roots to the ''zaibatsu'' groups that were dissolved after World War II. Unlike the ''zaibatsu'' of the pre-war period, there is no controlling company with regulatory power. Instead, the companies in the group hold shares in each other, but they are limited to exchanging information and coordinating plans through regular meetings. The major companies of the group include Mitsui & Co. ( general trading company), Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, Nippon Paper Industries, Pokka Sapporo Holdings, Toray Industries, Mitsui Chemicals, Isetan Mitsukoshi Holdings, Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Holdings, Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding, Mitsui O.S.K. Lines and Mitsui Fudosan. History Edo period origins Founded by Mitsui Takatoshi (1622–1694), who was the fourth son of a shopkeeperRíkarðsson, Árni (2020). ''Origins of the Zaibatsu conglomerates''. Bachelor's thesis. Supervisor: Kristín Ingvarsdóttir. Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ingen Ryūki
Ingen Ryūki (, ,, born , December 7, 1592 – May 19, 1673) was a Chinese poet, calligrapher, and monk of Linji Chan Buddhism from China.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Ingen" in ; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File. He is most known for founding the Ōbaku school of Zen in Japan. Ingen is said to have introduced, from China into Japan, the common bean, which is named after him (; ''Ingen'' itself is also short for ''Ingen mame''). Robes worn by Ōbaku monks are called . Biography Ingen was born on December 7, 1592, in Fuqing, Fujian, during China's Ming dynasty. Ingen's father disappeared when he was five. At age 20, while searching for him, Ingen arrived at Mount Putuo off Zhejiang province, where he served tea to monks. At 28, after the death of his mother, he was ordained as a monk at his family temple - Wanfu Temple, Mount Huangbo, Fujian. Ingen's teachers there were Miyun Yuanwu and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manpuku-ji
is a Buddhist temple located in Uji, Kyoto Prefecture, approximately a 5-minute walk from Ōbaku Station. It is the head temple of the Japanese Ōbaku Zen school, and named after Wanfu Temple in Fujian, China. The mountain is likewise named after Mount Huangbo, where the Chinese temple is situated. History The temple was founded in 1661 by the Chinese monk Yinyuan Longqi (Ingen), officially opening in 1663. In 1664, control of the temple passed to Muyan, after which many Chinese monks followed as head priests. Only the fourteenth priest and his successors are Japanese. On May 21, 1673 (''Enpō 1, 5th day of the 4th month'') Yinyuan (Ingen) died at the temple. The art of ''Senchadō'' is closely tied to the temple due to its founder. Architecture The temple structures were constructed in Ming China's architectural style. The arrangement of buildings also follows Ming Dynasty architectural style, representing an image of a dragon. The temple features an exemplary '' g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Era Name
The or , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being "", meaning "origin, basis"), followed by the literal "" meaning "year". Chinese era name, Era names originated in 140 BCE in Imperial China, during the reign of the Emperor Wu of Han. As elsewhere in the Sinosphere, the use of era names was originally derived from Chinese imperial practice, although the Japanese system is independent of the Chinese, Korean era name, Korean, and Vietnamese era name, Vietnamese era name systems. Unlike its other Sinosphere counterparts, Japanese era names are still in official use. Government offices usually require era names and years for official papers. The five era names used since the end of the Edo period in 1868 can be abbreviated by taking the first letter of their Hepburn romanization, romanized names. For example, S55 means Shōwa 55 ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonin Islands
The Bonin Islands, also known as the , is a list of islands of Japan, Japanese archipelago of over 30 subtropical and Island#Tropical islands, tropical islands located around SSE of Tokyo and northwest of Guam. The group as a whole has a total area of but only two of the islands are permanently inhabited, Chichijima and Hahajima. Together, their population was 2,560 as of 2021. Administratively, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, Tokyo's Ogasawara Subprefecture also includes the settlements on the Volcano Islands and the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, Self-Defense Force post on Iwo Jima. The seat of government is Chichijima. Because of the Bonins' isolation, many of their animals and plants have undergone unique evolutionary processes. It has been called "the Galápagos Islands, Galápagos of the Orient" and was named a natural World Heritage Site in 2011. When first reached during the early modern period, the islands were entirely uninhabited. Subsequent research has found ev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shōsōin
The is the wikt:treasure house, treasure house of Tōdai-ji Temple in Nara, Nara, Nara, Japan. The building is in the ''azekura'' (log-cabin) style with a raised floor. It lies to the northwest of the Great Buddha Hall. The Shōsō-in houses artifacts connected to Emperor Shōmu (聖武天皇)(701–756) and Empress Kōmyō (光明皇后)(701–760), as well as arts and crafts of the Tenpyō, Tempyō (天平) era of History of Japan, Japanese history. History The construction of the Tōdai-ji Buddhist temple complex was ordained by Emperor Shōmu as part of a national project of Buddhist temple construction. During the Tenpyō, Tempyō period, the years during which Emperor Shōmu reigned, multiple disasters struck Japan as well as political uproar and epidemics. Because of these reasons Emperor Shōmu launched a project of provincial temples. The Tōdai-ji was appointed as the head temple of these provincial temples. Emperor Shōmu was a strong supporter of Buddhism and he tho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
