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EirÃkr Inn Rauði
Erik Thorvaldsson (), known as Erik the Red, was a Norse explorer, described in medieval and Icelandic saga sources as having founded the first European settlement in Greenland. Erik most likely earned the epithet "the Red" due to the color of his hair and beard. According to Icelandic sagas, Erik was born in the Jæren district of Rogaland, Norway, as the son of Thorvald Asvaldsson; to which Thorvald would later be banished from Norway, and would sail west to Iceland with Erik and his family. During Erik's life in Iceland, he married Þjódhild Jorundsdottir and would have four children, with one of Erik's sons being the well-known Icelandic explorer Leif Erikson. Around the year of 982, Erik was exiled from Iceland for three years, during which time he explored Greenland, eventually culminating in his founding of the first successful European settlement on the island. Erik would later die there around 1003 CE during a winter epidemic. Personal life Early life Erik Thorv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ArngrÃmur Jónsson
ArngrÃmur Jónsson the Learned (; 1568 – 27 June 1648) was an Icelandic scholar and a Christian apologist. His father was Jón Jónsson, who died in 1591. ArngrÃmur studied in Copenhagen, completing his studies in 1589 and taking up a position back in Iceland as rector of the Latin school at the episcopal seat of Hólar in the same year. In 1593 he published '' Brevis commentarius de Islandia'', a "Defense of Iceland" in Latin, in which he criticized the works of numerous authors who had written about the people and the country of Iceland. His main target was a poem by Gories Peerse, a merchant who had written an entertaining and somewhat slanderous poem about Icelandic geography and ethnography. ArngrÃmur also, however, criticized substantial works such as '' Cosmographia universalis'' of the German scholar Sebastian Münster. The ''Brevis commentarius de Islandia'' was reprinted in 1598 in Richard Hakluyt's '' Principal Navigations of the English Nation''. This defense ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medieval
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of World history (field), global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and transitioned into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period. The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early Middle Ages, Early, High Middle Ages, High, and Late Middle Ages. Population decline, counterurbanisation, the collapse of centralised authority, invasions, and mass migrations of tribes, which had begun in late antiquity, continued into the Early Middle Ages. The large-scale movements of the Migration Period, including various Germanic peoples, formed new kingdoms in what remained of the Western Roman Empire. In the 7th century, North Africa and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Þorvaldr EirÃksson
Thorvald Eiriksson ( ; Modern Icelandic: ) was the son of Erik the Red and brother of Leif Erikson. The only Medieval Period source material available regarding Thorvald Eiriksson are the two '' Vinland sagas''; the '' Greenland Saga'' and the ''Saga of Erik the Red''. Although differing in various detail, according to both sagas Thorvald was part of an expedition for the exploration of Vinland and became the first European to die in North America outside of Greenland. The ''Greenland Saga'' describes a voyage made by Bjarni Herjolfsson, and the subsequent voyages of Leif Eriksson, his brother Thorvald Eiriksson, his sister FreydÃs EirÃksdóttir, and the Icelandic merchant Thorfinn Karlsefni. The Saga describes hostilities with ''Skrælings'', the Norse term for the native peoples they met in the lands visited south and west of Greenland which they called Vinland and Markland. The ''Saga of Erik the Red'' tells the story as a single expedition led by Thorfinn Karlsefni. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Explorers
A list is a set of discrete items of information collected and set forth in some format for utility, entertainment, or other purposes. A list may be memorialized in any number of ways, including existing only in the mind of the list-maker, but lists are frequently written down on paper, or maintained electronically. Lists are "most frequently a tool", and "one does not ''read'' but only ''uses'' a list: one looks up the relevant information in it, but usually does not need to deal with it as a whole". Lucie Doležalová,The Potential and Limitations of Studying Lists, in Lucie Doležalová, ed., ''The Charm of a List: From the Sumerians to Computerised Data Processing'' (2009). Purpose It has been observed that, with a few exceptions, "the scholarship on lists remains fragmented". David Wallechinsky, a co-author of '' The Book of Lists'', described the attraction of lists as being "because we live in an era of overstimulation, especially in terms of information, and lists help ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EirÃksstaðir
EirÃksstaðir () is the former homestead of EirÃkr Þorvaldsson, known as Erik the Red, at Haukadalur (Dalabyggð), Haukadalur Valley in the Dalasýsla region of Iceland. It was likely the birthplace of his son Leif Erikson, Leif EirÃksson, the first known European discoverer of the Americas. A site thought to be that of the original farm has been investigated by archaeologists and remains of two buildings dating to the 9th–10th centuries have been identified. An open-air museum has been established nearby. Historical record According to ''Landnámabók'' and the ''Saga of Erik the Red'', after first settling in Westfjords, Vestfirðir, EirÃkr married Þjóðhildur JÇ«rundardóttir and established the farm of EirÃksstaðir near Vatnshorn in Haukadalur. His son Leifr was likely born there, but EirÃkr had to leave the area after killing two men in revenge for the deaths of two of his thralls. Archaeological investigations A number of archaeological investigations have been ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haukadalur (Dalabyggð)
Haukadalur is a valley in Dalabyggð municipality, found in the Western Region of Iceland. The valley is known as the likely birthplace of Leif Erikson, whose father, Erik the Red, had established the farmstead EirÃksstaðir EirÃksstaðir () is the former homestead of EirÃkr Þorvaldsson, known as Erik the Red, at Haukadalur (Dalabyggð), Haukadalur Valley in the Dalasýsla region of Iceland. It was likely the birthplace of his son Leif Erikson, Leif EirÃksson, the ... there around 970 AD. Other settlements within the valley include: , Leikskálar, Saursstaðir, and Stóra-Vatnshorn. Notes References External links {{Iceland-geo-stub Valleys of Iceland Western Region (Iceland) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hornstrandir
Hornstrandir () is Iceland's northernmost peninsula, covering at the northern end of the Westfjords, to the north of the Jökulfirðir and to the northwest of Drangajökull glacier. Ecosystem The area covers of tundra, fjord, glacier and alpine land with rich but fragile vegetation, and protected as Hornstrandir Nature Reserve since 1975, under some of the strictest preservation rules in Iceland. The area's nature thrived as very few people resided there. In the 1950s, the handful of its residents who were based on agricultural livelihood left. However, decades later, some of their descendants returned and rebuilt their old houses, and much of the land is privately owned. Jökulfirðir, meaning Glacier Fjords, is the formation of five fjords and bays, four of which consist the entire southern land and most twisted coastline of Hornstrandir while the fifth (Leirufjörður) lies just south of the peninsula. From west to east, the four fjords consisting the south shore are Heste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Era
Common Era (CE) and Before the Common Era (BCE) are year notations for the Gregorian calendar (and its predecessor, the Julian calendar), the world's most widely used calendar era. Common Era and Before the Common Era are alternatives to the original Anno Domini (AD) and Before Christ (BC) notations used for the same calendar era. The two notation systems are numerically equivalent: " CE" and "AD " each describe the current year; "400 BCE" and "400 BC" are the same year. The expression can be traced back to 1615, when it first appears in a book by Johannes Kepler as the (), and to 1635 in English as " Vulgar Era". The term "Common Era" can be found in English as early as 1708, and became more widely used in the mid-19th century by Jewish religious scholars. Since the late 20th century, BCE and CE have become popular in academic and scientific publications on the grounds that BCE and CE are religiously neutral terms. They have been promoted as more sensitive to non-Christia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iceland
Iceland is a Nordic countries, Nordic island country between the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between North America and Europe. It is culturally and politically linked with Europe and is the region's westernmost and most list of countries and dependencies by population density, sparsely populated country. Its Capital city, capital and largest city is ReykjavÃk, which is home to about 36% of the country's roughly 380,000 residents (excluding nearby towns/suburbs, which are separate municipalities). The official language of the country is Icelandic language, Icelandic. Iceland is on a rift between Plate tectonics, tectonic plates, and its geologic activity includes geysers and frequent Types of volcanic eruptions, volcanic eruptions. The interior consists of a volcanic plateau with sand and lava fields, mountains and glaciers, and many Glacial stream, glacial rivers flow to the sea through the Upland and lowland, lowlands. Iceland i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rogaland
Rogaland () is a Counties of Norway, county in Western Norway, bordering the North Sea to the west and the counties of Vestland to the north, Telemark to the east and Agder to the east and southeast. As of 1 January 2024, it had a population of 499,417 people. The administrative centre of the county is the Stavanger (city), city of Stavanger, which is the third largest city in Norway. Etymology ''Rogaland'' is the region's Old Norse name, which was revived in modern times. During Denmark–Norway, Denmark's rule of Norway the county was named ''Stavanger amt (subnational entity), amt'', after the large city of Stavanger, and this name continued to be used until 1919. The first element in the name ''Rogaland'' is the plural genitive case of ''rygir'', probably referring to the name of an old Germanic peoples, Germanic tribe (see Rugians). The second element is ''land'' which means "land" or "region". Coat of arms The coat of arms is modern; it was granted on 11 January 1974. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sagas Of Icelanders
The sagas of Icelanders (, ), also known as family sagas, are a subgenre, or text group, of Icelandic Saga, sagas. They are prose narratives primarily based on historical events that mostly took place in Iceland in the ninth, tenth, and early eleventh centuries, during the Saga Age. They were written in Old Icelandic, a western dialect of Old Norse, primarily on calfskin. They are the best-known specimens of Icelandic literature. They are focused on history, especially genealogical and family history. They reflect the struggle and conflict that arose within the societies of the early generations of Icelandic settlers. The Icelandic sagas are valuable and unique historical sources about medieval Scandinavian societies and kingdoms, in particular regarding pre-Christian religion and culture and the heroic age. Eventually, many of these Icelandic sagas were recorded, mostly in the 13th and 14th centuries. The 'authors', or rather recorders, of these sagas are largely unknown. O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Hair
Red hair, also known as ginger hair, is a human hair color found in 2–6% of people of northern Europe, Northern or Northwestern European ancestry and lesser frequency in other populations. It is most common in individuals Zygosity#Homozygous, homozygous for a Dominance (genetics), recessive allele on chromosome 16 that produces an altered version of the melanocortin 1 receptor, MC1R protein. Red hair varies in hue from a deep Burgundy (color), burgundy or bright Copper (color), copper, or auburn hair, auburn, to burnt orange or red-orange to Venetian blonde, strawberry blond. Characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin, it is typically associated with Light skin, fair skin color, lighter eye color, freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light. Cultural reactions to red hair have been varied. The term "redhead" has been in use since at least 1510, while the term "ginger" is sometimes used, espec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
