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ERAP2
Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ERAP2'' gene. ERAP2 is part of the M1 aminopeptidase family. It is expressed along with ERAP1 in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In the ER, both enzymes help process and present antigens by trimming the ends of precursor peptides. This creates the optimal pieces for display by MHC class I, Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules. Biology / Functions Expression ERAP2 expression is regulated by interferon gamma signalling. While ERAP2 and homologous enzyme ERAP1 are both expressed in White blood cell, immune cells, the expression of the enzymes is independently regulated in other tissues without significant correlation of expression levels. However, coordinated expression patterns have also been observed, in which ERAP2 downregulation is counterbalanced by an increase in ERAP1 expression. Overexpression of ERAP2 in various cancer types, including Melanoma, melanomas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ERAP1
Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ERAP1'' gene. This M1 zinc aminopeptidase is involved in the antigen processing and presentation pathway. ERAP1 is mainly located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it trims peptides at their N-terminus, adapting them for presentation by MHC class I, MHC class I molecules (MHC-I). Nomenclature Historical names of ERAP1, [HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee]: * Aminopeptidase regulator of tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) shedding (ARTS-1) * Adipocyte-derived leucine aminopeptidase (A-LAP) * Puromycin-insensitive leucyl-specific aminopeptidase (PILS-AP) * KIAA0525 * In mice, ER aminopeptidase associated with antigen processing (ERAAP) Biology / Functions Efficient presentation of antigenic peptides by MHC class I molecules provides the key signal for Adaptive immune system, adaptive immune responses by Cytotoxic T cell, cytotoxic (CD8+) T lymphocytes. In the "endogenous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
