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EE-T1 Osório
The Engesa EE-T1 ''Osório'' was a Brazilian main battle tank prototype developed by Engesa. The tank was intended to be sold first to Arab and other Third World countries, jump-starting production — and enabling the Brazilian Army to later place its own orders without having to fund development costs. Development of the tank was initially privately funded by Engesa, but cashflow issues eventually led to the Brazilian government extending a loan to assist the program. Two prototypes of the tank were built, but the EE-T1 was never adopted for service. Development The EE-T1 was envisioned by Engesa as a cost-effective tank made using domestically produced components. The tank was intended for the foreign market. Development started in 1982 and the first prototype was completed in 1985. The initial development of the tank was expensive and caused a cashflow crisis at Engesa, prompting the Brazilian National Development Bank to extend a $65 million loan to finance the program in 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Main Battle Tank
A main battle tank (MBT), also known as a battle tank or universal tank or simply tank,Ogorkiewicz 2018 p222 is a tank that fills the role of armour-protected direct fire and maneuver in many modern armies. Cold War-era development of more powerful engines, better suspension systems and lighter composite armour allowed for the design of a tank that had the firepower of a super-heavy tank, the armour protection of a heavy tank, and the mobility of a light tank, in a package with the weight of a medium tank. The first ''designated'' MBT was the British Chieftain (tank), Chieftain tank, which during its development in the 1950s was re-designed as an MBT. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, the MBT replaced almost all other types of tanks, leaving only some specialist roles to be filled by lighter designs or other types of armoured fighting vehicles. Main battle tanks are a key component of modern armies.Main battle tank#House1984, House (1984), ''Toward Combined Arms Warfare: A Surve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
End Of The Cold War
End, END, Ending, or ENDS may refer to: End Mathematics *End (category theory) * End (topology) * End (graph theory) * End (group theory) (a subcase of the previous) * End (endomorphism) Sports and games *End (gridiron football) *End, a division of play in the sports of curling, target archery and pétanque * End (dominoes), one of the halves of the face of a domino Entertainment * End (band) an American hardcore punk supergroup *End key on a modern computer keyboard * End Poem, a narrative written by Julian Gough for ''Minecraft'' * End Records, a record label *"End", a song by The Cure from '' Wish'' * "Ends" (song) a 1998 song by Everlast, off the album ''Whitey Ford Sings the Blues'' * ''End'' (album), by Explosions in the Sky * "Ends" (''Spaced''), a television episode Other uses *End, in weaving, a single thread of the warp *'' Ends (short story collection)'' (1988 book) anthology of Gordon R. Dickson stories END * European Nuclear Disarmament * Endoglin, a glycoprot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin American Research Review
The ''Latin American Research Review'' is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on Latin America and the Caribbean. It was established in 1965 by the Latin American Studies Association (LASA) and is published by LASA's publishing arm, the Latin America Research Commons. The editor-in-chief is Carmen Martinez Novo (University of Florida). Articles are published in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. The journal articles are published only electronically, in an Open Access format. In 2024, LARR's associate editors are Juan Carlos Callirgos (anthropology, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú), Kevin Young (book review editor, University of Massachusetts Amherst), Antonio Gómez (documentary film review editor, Tulane University), Eric Carter (geography, Macalester College), Rosa Luz Durán (economics, Universidad de Lima, Peru), Heather Vrana (history, University of Florida), Vanesa Miseres (literature, University of Notre Dame), Pavel Shlossberg (cultural st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazilian Development Bank
The National Bank for Economic and Social Development or NBESD (, abbreviated: BNDES) is a development bank structured as a federal public company associated with the Ministry of the Economy of Brazil. The stated goal is to provide long-term financing for endeavors that contribute to the country's development. BNDES is one of the largest development banks in the world (after the Chinese Development Bank, which boasts assets of around RMB 7.52 trillion, or around $1.2 tn). Its non-performing loan ratio is also less favorable (2.2%) compared to the CDB's that stands below 1%. Among the objectives of BNDES are the strengthening of the capital structure of private companies, the development of capital markets, the trading of machines and equipment and the financing of exports. Since its establishment on June 20, 1952, BNDES has financed large-scale industrial and infrastructure endeavors and has played a significant role in the support of investments in agriculture, commerce, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazilian Army
The Brazilian Army (; EB) is the branch of the Brazilian Armed Forces responsible, externally, for defending the country in eminently terrestrial operations and, internally, for guaranteeing law, order and the constitutional branches, subordinating itself, in the Federal government of Brazil, Federal Government's structure, to the Ministry of Defence (Brazil), Ministry of Defense, alongside the Brazilian Navy and Brazilian Air Force, Air Force. The Military Police (Brazil), Military Police (; PMs) and Military Firefighters Corps (; CBMs) are legally designated as reserve and auxiliary forces to the army. Its operational arm is called Land Force. It is the largest army in South America and the largest branch of the Armed Forces of Brazil. Emerging from the defense forces of the Portuguese Empire in Colonial Brazil as the Imperial Brazilian Army, its two main conventional warfare experiences were the Paraguayan War and the Brazilian Expeditionary Force, and its traditional rival i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third World
The term Third World arose during the Cold War to define countries that remained non-aligned with either NATO or the Warsaw Pact. The United States, Canada, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, the Southern Cone, NATO, Western European countries and other allies represented the "First World", while the Soviet Union, China, Cuba, North Korea, Vietnam, and their allies represented the "Second World". This terminology provided a way of broadly categorizing the nations of the Earth into three groups based on political divisions. Due to the complex history of evolving meanings and contexts, there is no clear or agreed-upon definition of the Third World. Strictly speaking, "Third World" was a political, rather than economic, grouping. Since most Third World countries were economically poor and non-industrialized, it became a stereotype to refer to developing countries as "third-world countries". In political discourse, the term Third World was often associated with being underdeveloped. China ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arab
Arabs (, , ; , , ) are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa. A significant Arab diaspora is present in various parts of the world. Arabs have been in the Fertile Crescent for thousands of years. In the 9th century BCE, the Assyrians made written references to Arabs as inhabitants of the Levant, Mesopotamia, and Arabia. Throughout the Ancient Near East, Arabs established influential civilizations starting from 3000 BCE onwards, such as Dilmun, Gerrha, and Magan (civilization), Magan, playing a vital role in trade between Mesopotamia, and the History of the Mediterranean region, Mediterranean. Other prominent tribes include Midian, ʿĀd, and Thamud mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, Bible and Quran. Later, in 900 BCE, the Qedarites enjoyed close relations with the nearby Canaan#Canaanites, Canaanite and Aramaeans, Aramaean states, and their territory extended from Lower Egypt to the Southern Levant. From 1200 BCE to 110 BCE, powerful ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ZF Friedrichshafen
ZF Friedrichshafen AG, also known as ZF Group, originally ''Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen'' (), and commonly abbreviated to ZF, is a Germany, German technology manufacturing company that supplies systems for passenger cars, commercial vehicles and industrial technology. It is headquartered in Friedrichshafen, in the south-west German state of Baden-Württemberg. Specializing in engineering, it is primarily known for its design, research and development, and manufacturing activities in the automotive industry and is one of the largest automotive suppliers in the world. Its products include powertrain, driveline and chassis technology for cars and commercial vehicles, along with specialized plant equipment such as construction equipment. It is also involved in the rail, marine, defense and aviation industries, as well as general industrial applications. ZF has 162 production locations in 31 countries with approximately 168,700 (2023) employees. History The company was founded by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Engesa
Engesa (Engenheiros Especializados S.A.) was a Brazilian automotive and defense company headquartered in the São Paulo (state), state of São Paulo. Founded in 1958 by engineer José Luiz Whitaker Ribeiro, it produced jeeps, trucks, off-road vehicles, tractors, and armored vehicles for both civilian and military markets. Its military vehicles were sold to the Brazilian Armed Forces and to over eighteen countries, particularly in the Middle East, and were still employed in conflicts into the 21st century. At its peak in the 1970s and 1980s, Engesa was recognized as one of the "big three" in Brazil's defense industry, alongside Avibras and Embraer, but it could not withstand the sector's crisis in the late 1980s and went bankrupt in 1993. Starting as a supplier of parts for the oil industry, Engesa moved into modifying trucks, established ties with the military, and in 1972 received technology from the Brazilian Army for two armored vehicles to begin production. These vehicles, de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MWM GmbH
Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH, is a mechanical engineering company based in Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It was known as MWM GmbH Motoren-Werke Mannheim (MWM) until November 2013. In 2009 the company was the third-largest producer by revenue of gas and diesel engines. The main focus of production is gas engines and gensets for the generation of electrical energy. It also provides consulting, designing, and engineering services, as well as construction and commissioning of plants and global after sales service. The company has its own training center. History In 1922 the department for the construction of stationary engines was outsourced and had its name changed from ''Benz & Cie. Rheinische Gasmotorenfabrik in Mannheim'' to ''Motorenwerke Mannheim''. The renowned German engineer Prosper L'Orange, a pioneer of diesel engine technology, was the technical manager then. Before that he worked for Benz & Cie. The construction of diesel engines in particular used to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CN120-25
The CN120-25, also simply referred to as ''Modèle G1'' (G1 model) is a French smoothbore 120mm tank gun of 52 calibers designed by the EFAB of Bourges for the export market. Description Designed by the Établissement d'Études et de Fabrication d'Armements de Bourges (EFAB), the G1 120 mm smoothbore gun has been designed to be interchangeable with the rifled 105 mm CN 105 F1 tank gun. The G1 uses semi-combustible propellant cases and has been designed to fire both French-produced ammunition and German Rheinmetall-produced ammunition. A vertical sliding breech-block is used, the barrel is chrome-plated and autofrettaged. The 120 mm smooth-bore gun G1 has been fitted to the private venture Giat Industries AMX-32, AMX-40 and the Brazilian ENGESA EE-T2 Osório main battle tanks, neither of which entered production. This weapon was previously referred to as the CN120-24 gun. Additional specifications *Maximum service chamber pressure: *Recoil effort at t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
