|
Diplaziopsidaceae
Diplaziopsidaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family is placed in the suborder Aspleniineae, and includes two genera. Alternatively, it may be treated as the subfamily Diplaziopsidoideae of a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae. They are described as medium-to-large ferns, which grow near streams in forested areas. Their rhizomes are thick and decumbent to erect. Species are found in east Asia, from China south to New Guinea and east into the Pacific. Taxonomy Maarten J. M. Christenhusz and Xuan-Chun Zhang originally described the family in 2011 by including three genera ''Diplaziopsis'', ''Hemidictyum'', and '' Homalosorus''. Later that year Samuli Lehtonen found ''Hemidictyum'' to be a sister to Aspleniaceae, so ''Hemidictyum'' was placed in its own family, Hemidictyaceae. Christenhusz and Mark W. Chase later included ''Hemidictyum'' in their subfamily Asplenioideae rather ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polypodiales
The order Polypodiales encompasses the major lineages of polypod ferns, which comprise more than 80% of today's fern species. They are found in many parts of the world including tropical, semitropical and temperate areas. Description Polypodiales are unique in bearing sporangia with a vertical annulus interrupted by the stalk and stomium. These sporangial characters were used by Johann Jakob Bernhardi to define a group of ferns he called the "Cathetogyratae"; the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group has suggested reviving this name as the informal term cathetogyrates, to replace the ambiguously circumscribed term "polypods" when referring to the Polypodiales. The sporangia are born on stalks 1–3 cells thick and are often long-stalked. (In contrast, the Hymenophyllales have a stalk composed of four rows of cells.) The sporangia do not reach maturity simultaneously. Many groups in the order lack indusia, but when present, they are attached either along the edge of the indusium or in its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homalosorus Pycnocarpos
''Homalosorus'' is a genus of fern with only one species, ''Homalosorus pycnocarpos''. It may also be referred to by its older synonyms ''Athyrium pycnocarpon'' and ''Diplazium pycnocarpon''. Commonly referred to as the narrow-leaved glade fern, narrow-leaved-spleenwort, or glade fern, it is endemic to eastern North America and typically grows in moist woodlands. Once classified in the family Athyriaceae due to its linear, often doubled sori, in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the small family Diplaziopsidaceae, whose other three species are native to east Asia. Other sources place the genus in the subfamily Diplaziopsidoideae of a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae, equivalent to the suborder Aspleniineae in PPG I. Description ''Homalosorus pycnocarpos'' grows from creeping stems. Its clustered fronds grow to about long and wide. The leaf blade is oblong-lanceolate and once-pinnate. The pinnae are linear and either more- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homalosorus
''Homalosorus'' is a genus of fern with only one species, ''Homalosorus pycnocarpos''. It may also be referred to by its older synonyms ''Athyrium pycnocarpon'' and ''Diplazium pycnocarpon''. Commonly referred to as the narrow-leaved glade fern, narrow-leaved-spleenwort, or glade fern, it is endemic to eastern North America and typically grows in moist woodlands. Once classified in the family Athyriaceae due to its linear, often doubled sori, in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the small family Diplaziopsidaceae, whose other three species are native to east Asia. Other sources place the genus in the subfamily Diplaziopsidoideae of a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae, equivalent to the suborder Aspleniineae in PPG I. Description ''Homalosorus pycnocarpos'' grows from creeping stems. Its clustered fronds grow to about long and wide. The leaf blade is oblong-lanceolate and once-pinnate. The pinnae are linear and either more-or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aspleniineae
Aspleniineae is a suborder of ferns in the order Polypodiales. It is equivalent to the clade eupolypods II in earlier systems; it is also treated as a single very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae. The suborder generally corresponds with the order Blechnales as described by J. L. Reveal in 1993. Aspleniineae includes some important ferns, including ''Onoclea sensibilis'', the sensitive fern, which grows as a virtual weed throughout much of its temperate North American range, and ferns of the genus ''Thelypteris'', a genus that has shown remarkable speciation. It also includes one of the more common horticultural ferns, ''Matteuccia struthiopteris'', the ostrich fern. Taxonomy In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the group is treated as the suborder Aspleniinae, and divided into 11 families. Alternatively, it may be treated as a single, very broadly circumscribed family Aspleniaceae ''sensu lato ''Sensu'' is a Latin word meaning "in the sense ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplaziopsis
''Diplaziopsis'' is a genus of ferns in the family Diplaziopsidaceae. The genus name means 'like ''Diplazium'''. Species , the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' and ''Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. It was launched in March 2017 with the ultimate aim being "to enable users to access information on all the world's known seed-bearing plants by ...'' accepted three species: *'' Diplaziopsis cavaleriana'' (Christ) C.Chr. *'' Diplaziopsis flavoviridis'' (Alston) Christenh. *'' Diplaziopsis javanica'' (Blume) C.Chr. References Polypodiales Fern genera {{Polypodiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group, or PPG, is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish a consensus on the classification of pteridophytes ( lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies. In 2016, the group published a classification for extant pteridophytes, termed "PPG I". The paper had 94 authors (26 principal and 68 additional). PPG I A first classification, PPG I, was produced in 2016, covering only extant (living) pteridophytes. The classification was rank-based, using the ranks of class, subclass, order, suborder, family, subfamily and genus. Phylogeny The classification was based on a consensus phylogeny, shown below to the level of order. The very large order Polypodiales was divided into two suborders, as well as families not placed in a suborder: Classification to subfamily level To the level of subfamily, the PPG I classification is as follows. *Class Lycopodi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetic
In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms. These relationships are determined by Computational phylogenetics, phylogenetic inference methods that focus on observed heritable traits, such as DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences, or morphology. The result of such an analysis is a phylogenetic tree—a diagram containing a hypothesis of relationships that reflects the evolutionary history of a group of organisms. The tips of a phylogenetic tree can be living taxa or fossils, and represent the "end" or the present time in an evolutionary lineage. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the tree. An unrooted tree diagram (a network) makes no assumption about the ancestral line, and does ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asplenioideae
The Aspleniaceae (spleenworts) are a family of ferns, included in the order Polypodiales. The composition and classification of the family have been subject to considerable changes. In particular, there is a narrow circumscription, Aspleniaceae s.s. (adopted here), in which the family contains only two genera, and a very broad one, Aspleniaceae s.l., in which the family includes 10 other families kept separate in the narrow circumscription, with the Aspleniaceae s.s. being reduced to the subfamily Asplenioideae. The family has a worldwide distribution, with many species in both temperate and tropical areas. Elongated unpaired sori are an important characteristic of most members of the family. Description Members of the family grow from rhizomes, that are either creeping or somewhat erect, and are usually but not always unbranched, and have scales that usually have a lattice-like (clathrate) structure. In some species, for example ''Asplenium nidus'', the rhizomes form a kind o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mark Wayne Chase
Mark Wayne Chase (born 1951) is a US-born British botanist. He is noted for work in plant classification and evolution, and one of the instigators of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group-classification for flowering plants which is partly based on DNA studies. In particular he has researched orchids, and currently investigates ploidy and hybridization in ''Nicotiana''. In 1984, he received 'The George H.M. Lawrence Memorial Award', in the amount of $2,000, presented by the Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation, Carnegie Mellon University and presented at the annual banquet of the Botanical Society of America. In 1998 he shared the Linnean Medal with Colin Patterson. In 2008 he was one of thirteen recipients of the Darwin-Wallace Medal, which was given every 50 years by the Linnean Society of London. Has been the Keeper of the Jodrell Laboratory and now is retired but still an horary research associate at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. He is a fellow of the Royal Society. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuli Lehtonen
Samuli is a settlement in Kenya's Rift Valley Province Rift Valley Province ( sw, Mkoa wa Bonde la Ufa) of Kenya, bordering Uganda, was one of Kenya's eight provinces, before the Kenyan general election, 2013. Rift Valley Province was the largest and one of the most economically important provinces i .... References Populated places in Kajiado County {{RiftValleyKE-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemidictyum
''Hemidictyum'' is a genus of ferns with a single species, ''Hemidictyum marginatum'', commonly known as the marginated half net fern. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is the only genus in the family Hemidictyaceae. Alternatively, the family, along with Aspleniaceae ''sensu stricto'', may be placed in a much more broadly defined family Aspleniaceae as the subfamily Asplenioideae. Taxonomy The name ''Hemidictyum'' was derived from the terms ''hemi'' (half) and ''diktyon'' (net), from the veins being netted only half-way across the pinnules.''The Fern Manual, being a description of all the best stove, greenhouse and hardy ferns'' by contributors to the ''Journal of Horticulture'' p.69, London, 1863 Phylogenetic relationships Hemidictyaceae is considered to be a sister family to Aspleniaceae ''s.l.'', believed to have diverged during the Cretaceous period. The following cladogram for the suborder Aspleniineae (as eupolypods II), based on Lehto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Guinea
New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; id, Papua, or , historically ) is the world's second-largest island with an area of . Located in Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is separated from Australia by the wide Torres Strait, though both landmasses lie on the same continental shelf. Numerous smaller islands are located to the west and east. The eastern half of the island is the major land mass of the independent state of Papua New Guinea. The western half, known as Western New Guinea, forms a part of Indonesia and is organized as the provinces of Papua, Central Papua, Highland Papua, South Papua, Southwest Papua, and West Papua. The largest cities on the island are Jayapura (capital of Papua, Indonesia) and Port Moresby (capital of Papua New Guinea). Names The island has been known by various names: The name ''Papua'' was used to refer to parts of the island before contact with the West. Its etymology is unclear; one theory states that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Asplenioideae")
