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Dobřany (Rychnov Nad Kněžnou District)
Dobřany () is a municipality and village in Rychnov nad Kněžnou District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants. Etymology The name is derived from the Czech adjective ''dobrá'' (i.e. 'good'). It referred to good (fertile) land. Geography Dobřany is located about north of Rychnov nad Kněžnou and east of Hradec Králové. It lies in the Orlické Foothills. The highest point is a nameless hill at above sea level. The Dědina River flows along the western municipal border. History The first written mention of Dobřany is from 1361. Until the establishment of a sovereign municipality in 1848, the village belonged to the Opočno estate. Demographics Transport There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality. Sights The main landmark of Dobřany is the Church of Saint Nicholas. It was built in the Baroque style in 1738–1740 on the site of an older church. A cultural monument is also the nearby rectory, da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obec
(, ; plural ) is the Czech and Slovak word for a municipality (in the Czech Republic, in Slovakia and abroad). The literal meaning of the word is " commune" or " community". It is the smallest administrative unit that is governed by elected representatives. Cities and towns are also municipalities. Definition The legal definition (according to the Czech code of law with similar definition in the Slovak code of law) is: ''"The municipality is a basic territorial self-governing community of citizens; it forms a territorial unit, which is defined by the boundary of the municipality."'' Every municipality is composed of one or more cadastral areas. Every municipality is also composed of one or more municipal parts (), which are usually town quarters or villages. A municipality can have its own flag and coat of arms. Czech Republic Almost the entire area of the Czech Republic is divided into municipalities, with the only exception being military training areas. The smaller mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dědina
The Dědina (also called Zlatý potok) is a river A river is a natural stream of fresh water that flows on land or inside Subterranean river, caves towards another body of water at a lower elevation, such as an ocean, lake, or another river. A river may run dry before reaching the end of ... in the Czech Republic, a right tributary of the Orlice River. It flows through the Hradec Králové Region. It is long. Etymology The Czech word ''dědina'' denoted 'inherited property' and regionally also 'village'. Until 1984, the upper and middle course of the river was called "Zlatý potok" (meaning 'golden stream'). However, for the sake of simplification, the official name of the river was unified and the name Zlatý potok is used only for the artificial branch of the Dědina and for a small tributary in the upper course of the Dědina. An effort to re-name the river to its historical name was unsuccessful due to the cost it would entail. Characteristic The Dědina originates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orebites
The Orebites (), also called Lesser Taborites and later known as Sirotci ("Orphans"; ), officially Orphans' Union (), were followers of a radical wing of the Hussites in Bohemia. The founders took part in the procession on Mount Oreb, near Třebechovice pod Orebem and Hradec. Founded in 1423 originally under the name Lesser Tábor, it consisted mostly of poorer burghers and some members of the Czech nobility who joined with the commander Jan Žižka. The ideological founder of the Orebites was the priest Ambrož Hradecký. Leaders included Hynek Krušina of Lichtenburg and Diviš Bořek of Miletínek, the captain of the Hussites in Eastern and Central Bohemia. The Orebites were instrumental in the burning of the Benedictine monastery in Mnichovo Hradiště in the early summer of 1420, and in autumn, they supported the rest of the Hussites at the Battle of Vyšehrad. After Žižka's death (1424) left them "orphaned", these combatants adopted their new name. From 1424 t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hussite Wars
The Hussite Wars, also called the Bohemian Wars or the Hussite Revolution, were a series of civil wars fought between the Hussites and the combined Catholic forces of Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund, the Papacy, and European monarchs loyal to the Catholic Church, as well as various Hussite factions. At a late stage of the conflict, the Utraquists changed sides in 1432 to fight alongside Roman Catholics and opposed the Taborites and other Hussite factions. These wars lasted from 1419 to approximately 1434. The unrest began after pre-Protestant Christian reformer Jan Hus was executed by the Catholic Church in 1415 for heresy. Because Sigismund had plans to be crowned the Holy Roman Emperor (requiring papal coronation), he suppressed the religion of the Hussites, yet it continued to spread. When King Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia, brother of Sigismund, died of natural causes a few years later, the tension stemming from the Hussites grew stronger. In Prague ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magdalena Dobromila Rettigová
Magdalena Dobromila Rettigová (31 January 1785 – 5 August 1845) was a Czech writer known for her famous cookery book. Biography Rettigová, née Artmann, was born in Všeradice, into a German-speaking family. Her childhood was not happy and her father died in 1792. In 1808 she married Jan Alois Sudiprav Rettig, a Czech patriot from a half-German speaking family. Under his influence she learned to speak and write correctly in Czech and also started to use her middle name ''Dobromila''. Rettigová was active in the Czech National Revival movement, also helped to found an educational institute for girls (her main advice for the girls was to keep their husband happy no matter what). Of her 11 children only three survived into adult age. She died, aged 60, in Litomyšl Litomyšl (; ) is a town in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 10,000 inhabitants. It is a former bishopric and Latin Catholic titular see. Litomyšl is known for the châtea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
František Vladislav Hek
František Vladislav Hek (11 April 1769 – 4 September 1847) was a Czech writer, composer, and patriot active in the early phases of the Czech National Revival. He was a major inspiration behind the fictionalized novel '' F. L. Věk'' (1906) by Alois Jirásek. Biography Hek was born on 11 April 1769 in Dobruška, Bohemia. He was the son of a shopkeeper (of Dutch origin). He received his primary education in Dobruška and in Prague (from 1779) and from 1782 he studied at a Piarist gymnasium in Prague. In Prague, Hek met the Czech patriots concentrated around Václav Matěj Kramerius' publishing house ''Česká expedice'' and around the Czech theatre groups. In the second half of the 1780s, he returned to Dobruška to take over his father's shop. Hek also served as a local agent for Kramerius, loaned books from his large personal library (3,284 volumes in 1806) and tried to organize a local Czech theatre, which was forbidden by authorities. A fire in 1806 completely destr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josef Dobrovský
Josef Dobrovský (17 August 1753 – 6 January 1829) was a Czech philologist and historian, one of the most important figures of the Czech National Revival along with Josef Jungmann. Life and work Dobrovský was born at Balassagyarmat, Nógrád County, in the Kingdom of Hungary, when his father Jakub Doubravský (1701, Solnice – 1764, Horšovský Týn) was temporarily stationed as a soldier there. His mother was Magdalena Dobrovská (1733, Čáslav – 1797). He received his first education in the German school at Horšovský Týn, made his first acquaintance with the Czech language and soon made himself fluent in it at the Německý Brod gymnasium, and then studied for some time under the Jesuits at Klatovy. In 1769 he began to study philosophy at the University of Prague. In 1772 he was admitted among the Jesuits at Brno and was preparing for a Christian mission in India. However, the entire order was dissolved in the Czech lands in 1773 and Dobrovský thus retu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czech National Revival
The Czech National Revival was a cultural movement which took place in the Czech lands during the 18th and 19th centuries. The purpose of this movement was to revive the Czech Czech language, language, culture and national identity. The most prominent figures of the revival movement were Josef Dobrovský and Josef Jungmann. Background Following the Battle of White Mountain in 1620, Czech lands experienced Germanisation politics spearheaded by the Habsburg emperors. The oppression was also connected with religion – about one half of the inhabitants of Bohemia were Protestants (''see Hussite'') when the Habsburgs took power. The Habsburgs started rampant anti-Reformation and re-Catholicization efforts which made some Czech elites flee the country. This violent re-Catholicization has been suggested to be one of the reasons behind today's widespread Czech Republic#Religion, Czech atheism. During the two following centuries, Czech language had been more or less eradicated from s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dobřany (v Orlických Horách) - Pozůstatky Hradu Západně Od Vsi (6)
Dobřany (; ) is a town in Plzeň-South District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 6,500 inhabitants. It is known for a large psychiatric hospital. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone. Administrative division Dobřany consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Dobřany (6,435) *Šlovice (419) *Vodní Újezd (117) Etymology The term ''dobřani'' (derived from the Czech word ''dobrý'', i.e. 'good') referred to people who live near good (clear) water or good (fertile) soil. Geography Dobřany is located about south of Plzeň. It lies on the border between the Plasy Uplands and Švihov Highlands. The highest point is a nameless hill at above sea level. The Radbuza River flows through the municipality. History The first written mention of Dobřany is from 1243. Around the mid-13th century, the settlement was referred to as a town. Around 1265, after the death of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opočno
Opočno (; ) is a town in Rychnov nad Kněžnou District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 3,100 inhabitants. Opočno is known for the Opočno Castle, one of the most magnificent examples of Czech Renaissance architecture, Renaissance architecture in Bohemia. The historic town centre with the castle is well preserved and is protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument zones, urban monument zone. Administrative division Opočno consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Opočno (2,822) *Čánka (241) *Dobříkovec (42) Etymology The name is derived from the old Czech adjective ''opočný'', meaning 'stone' or 'rock' (castle). Geography Opočno is located about northeast of Hradec Králové. It lies in the Orlice Table. The highest point is the Velká Hvězda hill at above sea level. The town is situated on the Dědina River (here also called Zlatý potok) and on the shore of the Broum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regions Of The Czech Republic
Regions of the Czech Republic ( ; singular ) are higher-level territorial self-governing units of the Czech Republic. History The first regions (''kraje'') were created in the Kingdom of Bohemia in the 14th century. At the beginning of the 15th century, Bohemia was already divided into 12 regions, but their borders were not fixed due to the frequent changes in the borders of the estates. During the reign of George of Poděbrady (1458–1471), Bohemia was divided into 14 regions, which remained so until 1714, when their number was reduced to 12 again. From 1751 to 1850, after the four largest regions were divided, the kingdom consisted of 16 regions. Between 1850 and 1862, there were several reforms and the number of regions fluctuated between 7 and 13. Due to the parallel establishment of political districts in 1848, however, their importance declined. In 1862, the regions were abolished, although the regional authorities had some powers until 1868. Moravia was divided into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
