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Denfert-Rochereau Station (Paris Métro)
Denfert-Rochereau () is a station on the Paris Métro in France. An adjacent station with the same name is served by RER B. Location The station is located under Place Denfert-Rochereau, the platforms being: * Line 4 – curved and approximately north-south, along the axis of Avenue du Général-Leclerc (between Raspail and Mouton-Duvernet stations); * Line 6 – also on a curve partly under Line 4 and oriented northwest–southeast, along the axis of Boulevard Raspail on the one hand and Boulevard Saint-Jacques on the other (between Raspail and Saint-Jacques, preceding an overhead section towards Nation). Name The name of the station refers to Place Denfert-Rochereau, named for the 19th‑century general Pierre Philippe Denfert-Rochereau, who led the resistance of Belfort to a siege during the Franco-Prussian War. The first part of the name is identical in pronunciation to its former name of ''Place d'Enfer'' ("Place of Hell"). It is the location of the Barrière d’Enfer, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MP 89
The MP 89 (; ) is a rubber tired variant of electric multiple units used on the Paris Métro. Designed by Roger Tallon, two types were built by Alstom for service on Lines 4 and 14, and has begun service on Line 6. The trains on Line 1 were moved to Line 4 between 2011 and 2013 to replace the older MP 59s, though only 48 trains are used for revenue service. The remaining four trains are stored either at Montrouge or Saint Ouen as operational spares. Description The MP 89 contains many features that are equipped in both subclasses. These innovative features made the MP 89 the first of its kind on the Metro and allowed the RATP to continue to equip its lines with the modernized stock. Among many features, the MP 89 is the first class of rolling stock to include the automatic opening and closing of doors. Instead of a passenger having to pull a lever or push a button to open the door in order to enter or exit the train, all of the doors on the platform side open and c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franco-Prussian War
The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the War of 1870, was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. Lasting from 19 July 1870 to 28 January 1871, the conflict was caused primarily by France's determination to reassert its dominant position in continental Europe, which appeared in question following the decisive Austro-Prussian War, Prussian victory over Austria in 1866. According to some historians, Prussian chancellor Otto von Bismarck deliberately provoked the French into declaring war on Prussia in order to induce four independent southern German states—Grand Duchy of Baden, Baden, Kingdom of Württemberg, Württemberg, Kingdom of Bavaria, Bavaria and Grand Duchy of Hesse, Hesse-Darmstadt—to join the North German Confederation. Other historians contend that Bismarck exploited the circumstances as they unfolded. All agree that Bismarck recognized the potential for new ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porte D'Orléans (Paris Métro)
The Porte d'Orléans is one of 17 ''portes'' (city gates of Paris) in the Thiers wall, a defensive wall constructed in the mid-nineteenth century to protect Paris. The wall was demolished after the First World War, creating an open space that was subsequently built up. The Porte d'Orléans is now one of the main gateways to the capital, and is located in the 14th arrondissement of Paris. Location Porte d'Orléans is located around the Place du 25-Aug-1944, at the crossroads to the north of the Avenue du General Leclerc, the Boulevard Brune, and Boulevard Jourdan, and to the south of the intersection of Avenue de la Porte d'Orléans, the Avenue Ernest-Reyer, the Avenue Paul Appell and Rue de la Légion-Étrangère. History The Porte d'Orléans owes its name to the fact that the road coming from Orleans, known today as Route nationale 20, led there. This axis was of great importance to the Middle Ages to the cohesion of the emerging monarchy as Paris and Orleans were then the two ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris Métro Line 6
Line 6 is one of the sixteen lines of the Paris Métro rapid transit system. Following a semi-circular route through the southern half of the city above boulevards built along the path of the former ''Fermiers généraux'' wall of 1784–1860, it runs between Charles de Gaulle–Étoile in the west and Nation in the east. A significant part of the route is on elevated tracks. The rails and stations of today's Line 6 were opened between 1900 and 1909, but took their current configuration only in 1942. The stretch between Étoile and Place d'Italie opened between 1900 and 1906 as Line ''2 Sud.'' In 1907, it was made part of Line 5. The section between Place d'Italie and Nation opened in 1909 as Line 6. In 1942, the Étoile – Place d'Italie section of Line 5 was transferred to line 6, creating today's Line 6 route. The line is in length, of which are above ground, and has been equipped with rubber-tyred rolling stock since 1974. The line is considered one of the most plea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles De Gaulle–Étoile (Paris Métro And RER)
Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was "free man". The Old English descendant of this word was '' Ċearl'' or ''Ċeorl'', as the name of King Cearl of Mercia, that disappeared after the Norman conquest of England. The name was notably borne by Charlemagne (Charles the Great), and was at the time Latinized as ''Karolus'' (as in ''Vita Karoli Magni''), later also as '' Carolus''. Etymology The name's etymology is a Common Germanic noun ''*karilaz'' meaning "free man", which survives in English as churl (James (< Latin ''-us'', see Spanish/ Portuguese ''Carlos''). According to Julius Pokorny, the historical linguist and Indo-European studies, Indo-Europeanist, the root meaning of Charles is "old man", from Proto-Indo-European language, Indo-European *wikt:Appendix:Proto-Indo-E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris Métro Line 5
Paris Métro Line 5 is one of the 16 lines of the Paris Métro in Paris, France. It crosses the east of Paris from to . It is the eighth-busiest line on the network. History On 15 June 2011 the MF 2000, MF 01 began entering revenue service onto Line 5, gradually replacing the aging MF 67 stock. The initial announcement was made in 2006 and trains began to be tested during the course of late 2010 and early 2011. As of June 2013, only three to five MF 67 trains remain in service. There is also one MF 01 train for Line 9 (#096) that is in revenue service along Line 5. None of the Line 9 trains will enter revenue service on Line 9 until sometime in September 2013. Chronology *2 June 1906: Line 5 was inaugurated with a section from Place d'Italie to the Gare d'Austerlitz, Gare d'Orléans (now known as Gare d'Austerlitz). *14 July 1906: The line was temporarily extended to Gare de Lyon. *17 December 1906: The line was extended to Lancry (now known as Jacques Bonsergent). *14 Octob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Place D'Italie (Paris Métro)
Place d'Italie (, literally "''Italy Square''") is a metro station, rapid transit station of the Paris Métro located in the heart of the 13th arrondissement of Paris, at the Place d'Italie. It is the southern Terminal train station, terminus of Paris Métro Line 5, Line 5 and is also served by Paris Métro Line 6, Line 6 and Paris Métro Line 7, Line 7. Location The Place d'Italie was the site of the ''Barrière d'Italie'', a gate of in the Wall of the Farmers-General, built to enforce tax collections on goods entering Paris between 1784 and 1791, where the old Roman road towards Lyon and Rome began. The station is situated at the crossing of five large Parisian streets: the ''Avenue d'Italie'', the ''Boulevard Auguste Blanqui'', the ''Avenue des Gobelins'', the ''Boulevard de l'Hôpital'', and the ''Boulevard Vincent Auriol''. It was the starting point of the road connecting Paris to Italy, the current Route nationale 7, N7. History The first platforms opened as part of the fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Passy (Paris Métro)
Passy () is an above-ground station on Line 6 of the Paris Métro in the 16th arrondissement. The station and its approaches have notable views, as it is built on a viaduct that abuts the slope of the 25 meter high Chaillot hill just below its crest. Eastbound trains exit the station onto the Pont de Bir-Hakim bridge over the Seine. Westbound trains enter a tunnel under the hill. The Rue Marietta-Alboni runs under the viaduct from the Seine to the foot of the slope, where it becomes two parallel sets of pedestrian stairways to the hilltop, whence the Rue resumes. The station is entered from the stairways. An upward-moving escalator parallels the northern stairway. The metro and the stairways bisect the Square Alboni, a chic residential subdivision on the hillside whose properties were assembled and developed between 1894 and 1930. Named, like the Rue, after a famous opera contralto of the day, the Square has several buildings designed by Louis Dauvergne, with the other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris Métro Line 2
Paris Métro Line 2 ( French: ''Ligne 2 du métro de Paris'') is one of the sixteen lines of the Paris Métro. Situated almost entirely above the former customs barrier around the capital (''Boulevards extérieurs''), it runs in a semicircle in the north of Paris. As its name suggests, Line 2 was the second line of the Métro network to open, with the first section put into service on 13 December 1900; it adopted its current configuration on 2 April 1903, running between Porte Dauphine and Nation. There have been no changes in its layout since then. At in length, it is the ninth-busiest line of the system, with 105.2 million riders in 2017. Slightly over of the line is built on an elevated viaduct with four aerial stations. In 1903, it was the location of the worst incident in the history of the Paris Métro, the fire at Couronnes. History Chronology *13 December 1900: The first portion of Line 2 Nord was opened between Porte Dauphine and Étoile. *7 October 1902: The line ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Resistance
The French Resistance ( ) was a collection of groups that fought the German military administration in occupied France during World War II, Nazi occupation and the Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy#France, collaborationist Vichy France, Vichy regime in France during the World War II, Second World War. Resistance Clandestine cell system, cells were small groups of armed men and women (called the Maquis (World War II), Maquis in rural areas) who conducted guerrilla warfare and published Underground press, underground newspapers. They also provided first-hand intelligence information, and escape networks that helped Allies of World War II, Allied soldiers and airmen trapped behind Axis powers, Axis lines. The Resistance's men and women came from many parts of French society, including émigrés, academics, students, aristocrats, conservative Catholic Church in France, Roman Catholics (including clergy), Protestantism in France, Protestants, History of the Jews in F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri Rol-Tanguy
Henri Rol-Tanguy (; 12 June 1908 – 8 September 2002) was a French Communism, communist and leader in the French Resistance, Resistance against Nazi Germany in World War II. At his death ''The New York Times'' called him "one of France's most decorated Resistance heroes". Biography Henri Tanguy was born on 12 June 1908 in Morlaix, Brittany to a family of a sailor. Aged 14, he moved to Paris to work as a foundryman. In 1925, he joined the Young Communists and ended up as a secretary. He did his military service in 1929 with the 8th ''Régiment de Zouaves'' in Oran, Algeria; on his return, he became an activist with the local metal workers union. At the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1937, Tanguy joined the International Brigades to fight for the Second Spanish Republic, Spanish Republic. He was political commissar of the André Marty Battalion (made up of French and Belgian volunteers) which was part of the XIV International Brigade. He was wounded in the Battle of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
