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Danuta Siedzikówna
Danuta Helena Siedzikówna (nom de guerre: ''Inka''; underground name: ''Danuta Obuchowicz''; 3 September 1928 – 28 August 1946) was a Polish people, Polish medical orderly in the 4th Squadron of the Home Army 5th Wilno Brigade , 5th Wilno Brigade of the Armia Krajowa, Home Army. In 1946 she served with the Brigade's 1st Squadron in Poland's Pomerania region. Considered a national heroine, she was captured, tortured and sentenced to death at the age of 17 by the communist authorities. Early life Siedzikówna was born on 3 September 1928 in Guszczewina, near Narewka, Bielsk Podlaski. Her father, Wacław Siedzik, was a forester sent to Siberia under the Russian Empire, Tsar for involvement in pro-Polish independence organisations. He came back to Poland in 1923. In 1940 he was arrested by the NKVD and once again deported to Russia. In 1941 her father Wacław Siedzik joined Władysław Anders' Polish Armed Forces in the West, Polish Army (he died in Teheran in 1943). Her mothe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guszczewina
Guszczewina is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Narewka, within Hajnówka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus. It lies approximately east of Narewka, north-east of Hajnówka, and south-east of the regional capital Białystok. The settlement Gruszki, Hajnówka County, Gruszki is considered part of the village. During the Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), German occupation of Poland (World War II), the German Police Battalion 322 Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany, expelled the entire population (and murdered two Polish inhabitants), and then plundered and destroyed the village (see ''Nazi crimes against the Polish nation''). After the war the village was rebuilt. Danuta Siedzikówna, member of the Polish resistance movement in World War II and the Cursed soldiers, anti-communist resistance movement, national heroine of Poland, was born in the village. There is a memorial to Siedzikówna in Gruszki near the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forester
A forester is a person who practises forest management and forestry, the science, art, and profession of managing forests. Foresters engage in a broad range of activities including ecological restoration and management of protected areas. Foresters manage forests to provide a variety of objectives including direct extraction of raw material, outdoor recreation, conservation, hunting and aesthetics. Emerging management practices include managing forestlands for biodiversity, carbon sequestration and air quality. Foresters work for the timber industry, government agencies, conservation groups, local authorities, urban parks boards, citizens' associations, and private landowners. The forestry profession includes a wide diversity of jobs, with educational requirements ranging from college bachelor's degrees to PhDs for highly specialized work. Industrial foresters plan forest regeneration starting with careful harvesting. Urban foresters manage trees in urban green spaces. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Britain
The Battle of Britain () was a military campaign of the Second World War, in which the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the Fleet Air Arm (FAA) of the Royal Navy defended the United Kingdom (UK) against large-scale attacks by Nazi Germany's air force, the Luftwaffe. It was the first major military campaign fought entirely by air forces."92 Squadron – Geoffrey Wellum." ''Battle of Britain Memorial Flight'' via ''raf.mod.uk.''. Retrieved: 17 November 2010, archived 2 March 2009. It takes its name from This was their finest hour, the speech given by Prime Minister Winston Churchill to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons on 18 June: "What Maxime Weygand, General Weygand called the 'Battle of France' is over. I expect that the Battle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Air Force Academy
The Polish Air Force Academy ( Polish: ''Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Sił Powietrznych'' (1994-2018); ''Lotnicza Akademia Wojskowa'' (since 2018)) is located in Dęblin, eastern Poland. Established in 1927 during the interwar period, the Polish Air Force University is an accredited university for the undergraduate education of officers for the Polish Air Force. History Polish Air Force University - "The School of the Eaglets" has changed its name, structure, and fields of study several times. The curricula and methods of theoretical and practical aviation training in the air have changed. All the transformations were dictated by concern for the best execution of the tasks facing the University. Air Force Officer School The Air Force Officer School was established on 5 November 1925 in the town of Grudziadz in place of the Pilot Training College. The new school used the college airfield together with its premises and training equipment. Col. Pil. Roman Florer was appointed to organ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paweł Hur
Paweł Hur (born April 10, 1918, in Kyiv, died September 7, 1994, in Lincoln) took part in the Battle of Britain in the 301 Squadron after completing the Polish Air Force Academy in Dęblin. The Wellington IV aircraft GR-P (Z1386) was shot down by anti-aircraft defenses during the night of August 5–6, 1942, while conducting a coastal mining operation near Lorient, and crashed into the sea. Paweł Hur was taken as a prisoner of war by the Germans. The people who fought alongside him during the battle were buried in Lorient. After the war, he settled in Lincoln, England. On November 11, 1966, Paweł Hur, as a pilot of the 301 Squadron, was collectively decorated with the Order Virtuti Militari. Paweł Hur is a paternal cousin of Danuta Siedzikówna. Awards and decorations * Virtuti Militari The War Order of Virtuti Militari (Latin: ''"For Military Virtue"'', ) is Poland's highest military decoration for heroism and courage in the face of the enemy at war. It was establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ardahan
Ardahan ( ka, არტაანი, tr; ; Russian: Ардаган) is a city in northeastern Turkey, near the Georgian border. It is the seat of Ardahan Province and Ardahan District.İl Belediyesi Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 January 2023. Its population is 22,927 (2021). History Ancient and medieval Ardahan was historically located in the region of Gogarene (), which calls a part of the |
Karl Karlovich Rjepetski
Lieutenant Colonel Karl Karlovich Rjepetsky (born: Karol Edward Karlovich Rzepecki, 10 August 1847 – 12 November 1894) was a Russian Lieutenant Colonel in the 19th-Century who served during the Russo-Turkish War. His body was discovered in April 2017 on a building site in Ardahan amongst numerous Imperial Russian corpses. Early life Karl Karlovich Rjepetsky was born in Reval on 11 August 1847 to Karol Ivanovich Rzepecki (1816 Ratne –1881 Kaluga) and Aalia Rzepecka (née Lohmann, 1822 Tallinn/Rewel –1892 Kaluga), and was one of 7 children; *Col. Mikołaj Bernard Rzepecki (20 August 1840 Tallinn/Rewel - 13–16 April 1914 Warsaw), married to Józefa Maria Wróblewska (1846–1925) and had 3 children. *Antonina Szydłowska (26 Jul 1843 - 1895/99), married to Aleksander Jan Szydłowski (1842–1914) and had 3 children. *Olga Henrietta Karlovna Rzepecka (1845–1868) *Karl Karlovich Edward Rzepecki (10 August 1847 - 12 November 1894), married to Helena Rzepecka (née Kamie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gestapo
The (, ), Syllabic abbreviation, abbreviated Gestapo (), was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and in German-occupied Europe. The force was created by Hermann Göring in 1933 by combining the various political police agencies of Free State of Prussia, Prussia into one organisation. On 20 April 1934, oversight of the Gestapo passed to the head of the ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS), Heinrich Himmler, who was also appointed Chief of German Police by Hitler in 1936. Instead of being exclusively a Prussian state agency, the Gestapo became a national one as a sub-office of the (SiPo; Security Police). From 27 September 1939, it was administered by the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA). It became known as (Dept) 4 of the RSHA and was considered a sister organisation to the (SD; Security Service). The Gestapo committed widespread atrocities during its existence. The power of the Gestapo was used to focus upon political opponents, ideological dissenters (clergy and religious org ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Home Army
The Home Army (, ; abbreviated AK) was the dominant resistance movement in German-occupied Poland during World War II. The Home Army was formed in February 1942 from the earlier Związek Walki Zbrojnej (Armed Resistance) established in the aftermath of the German and Soviet invasions in September 1939. Over the next two years, the Home Army absorbed most of the other Polish partisans and underground forces. Its allegiance was to the Polish government-in-exile in London, and it constituted the armed wing of what came to be known as the Polish Underground State. Estimates of the Home Army's 1944 strength range between 200,000 and 600,000. The latter number made the Home Army not only Poland's largest underground resistance movement but, along with Soviet and Yugoslav partisans, one of Europe's largest World War II underground movements. The Home Army sabotaged German transports bound for the Eastern Front in the Soviet Union, destroying German supplies and tying down subs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Née
The birth name is the name of the person given upon their birth. The term may be applied to the surname, the given name or to the entire name. Where births are required to be officially registered, the entire name entered onto a births register or birth certificate may by that fact alone become the person's legal name. The assumption in the Western world is often that the name from birth (or perhaps from baptism or ''brit milah'') will persist to adulthood in the normal course of affairs—either throughout life or until marriage. Some possible changes concern middle names, diminutive forms, changes relating to parental status (due to one's parents' divorce or adoption by different parents), and changes related to gender transition. Matters are very different in some cultures in which a birth name is for childhood only, rather than for life. Maiden and married names The terms née (feminine) and né (masculine; both pronounced ; ), Glossary of French expressions in Englis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teheran
Tehran (; , ''Tehrân'') is the capital and largest city of Iran. It is the capital of Tehran province, and the administrative center for Tehran County and its Central District. With a population of around 9.8 million in the city as of 2025, and 16.8 million in the metropolitan area, Tehran is the most populous city in Iran and Western Asia, the second-largest metropolitan area in the Middle East after Cairo, and the 24th most populous metropolitan area in the world. Greater Tehran includes several municipalities, including, Karaj, Eslamshahr, Shahriar, Qods, Malard, Golestan, Pakdasht, Qarchak, Nasimshahr, Parand, Pardis, Andisheh and Fardis. In the classical antiquity, part of the territory of present-day Tehran was occupied by Rhages (now Ray), a prominent Median city almost entirely destroyed in the medieval Arab, Turkic, and Mongol invasions. Modern Ray was absorbed into the metropolitan area of Greater Tehran. Tehran was first chosen as the capital o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Armed Forces In The West
The Polish Armed Forces in the West () refers to the Polish Armed Forces, Polish military formations formed to fight alongside the Allies of World War II, Western Allies against Nazi Germany and its Axis powers, allies during World War II. Polish forces were also raised within Soviet Union, Soviet territories; these were the Polish Armed Forces in the East. The formations, loyal to the Polish government-in-exile, were first formed in French Third Republic, France and its Middle East territories following the invasion of Poland, defeat and occupation of Poland by Germany and the Soviet Union in September 1939. After the Battle of France, fall of France in June 1940, the formations were recreated in the United Kingdom. Making a large contribution to the war effort, the Polish Armed Forces in the West was composed of army, air force, air and navy, naval forces. The Poles soon became shock troops in Allied service, most notably in the Battle of Monte Cassino during the Italian Campa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
