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Congresses Of The Communist Party Of The Soviet Union
The Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (russian: съезд КПСС) was the supreme decision-making body of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Its meetings served as convention of all party delegates and their predecessors. Between the congresses the party was ruled by the Central Committee. Over the course of the party's history, the name was changed in accordance with the current name of the party at the time. The frequency of party congresses varied with the meetings being annual events in the 1920s while no congress was held at all between 1939 and 1952. After the death of Joseph Stalin, the congresses were held every five years. Keys Convocations See also * Organization of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union The organization of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was based on the principles of democratic centralism. The governing body of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was the Party Congress, which initially met annual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Party Conference
The terms party conference ( UK English), political convention ( US and Canadian English), and party congress usually refer to a general meeting of a political party. The conference is attended by certain delegates who represent the party membership. In most political parties, the party conference is the highest decision-making body of the organization, tasked with electing or nominating the party's leaders or leadership bodies, deciding party policy, and setting the party's platform and agendas. The definitions of all of these terms vary greatly, depending on the country and situation in which they are used. The term ''conference'' or '' caucus'' may also refer to the organization of all party members as a whole. The term ''political convention'' may also refer to international bilateral or multilateral meetings on state-level, like the convention of the Anglo-Russian Entente (1907). Leadership roles Within party conferences, there might be different offices or bodies ful ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3rd Congress Of The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
The 3rd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party was held during 25 April - 10 May Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html"_;"title="12–27_April_Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S.)1905_in_ O.S.)">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html"_;"title="12–27_April_Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S.)1905_in_London">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S.)">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html"_;"title="12–27_April_Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S.)1905_in_London,_United_Kingdom.html" ;"title="London.html" ;"title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.)">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="12–27 April Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.)1905 in London">Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.)">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="12–27 April Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.)1905 in London, United Kingdom">UK. The Menshevik Central Committee had voted against calling the Congress on 7 February 1905 and voted to expel Lenin. Two days later nine of the eleven members ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Republic
The Russian Republic,. referred to as the Russian Democratic Federal Republic. in the 1918 Constitution, was a short-lived state which controlled, ''de jure'', the territory of the former Russian Empire after its proclamation by the Russian Provisional Government on 1 September (14 September, ) 1917 in a decree signed by Alexander Kerensky as Minister-Chairman and Alexander Zarudny as Minister of Justice.The Russian Republic Proclaimed at prlib.ru, accessed 12 June 2017 The of the Russian Republic was dissolved after the Bolsheviks seized power by forc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petrograd
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), is the second-largest city in Russia. It is situated on the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea, with a population of roughly 5.4 million residents. Saint Petersburg is the fourth-most populous city in Europe after Istanbul, Moscow and London, the most populous city on the Baltic Sea, and the world's northernmost city of more than 1 million residents. As Russia's Imperial capital, and a historically strategic port, it is governed as a federal city. The city was founded by Tsar Peter the Great on 27 May 1703 on the site of a captured Swedish fortress, and was named after apostle Saint Peter. In Russia, Saint Petersburg is historically and culturally associated with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Program Of The CPSU
The second (symbol: s) is the unit of time in the International System of Units (SI), historically defined as of a day – this factor derived from the division of the day first into 24 hours, then to 60 minutes and finally to 60 seconds each (24 × 60 × 60 = 86400). The current and formal definition in the International System of Units ( SI) is more precise:The second ..is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency, Δ''ν''Cs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1. This current definition was adopted in 1967 when it became feasible to define the second based on fundamental properties of nature with caesium clocks. Because the speed of Earth's rotation varies and is slowing ever so slightly, a leap second is added at irregular intervals to civil time to keep clocks in sync with Earth's rotation. Uses Analog clocks and watches often have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Committee Elected By The 6th Congress Of The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks)
The Central Committee (CC) composition was elected by the 6th Congress, and sat from 3 August 1917 until 8 March 1918. The CC 1st Plenary Session established the Narrow Composition (abolished October 1917), the Politburo (abolished November 1917) and the Bureau (established in November 1917), while sanctioning the establishment of the Secretariat on the orders of the Narrow Composition. Plenary sessions Composition Members Candidates Prospectives References General Plenary sessions, apparatus heads, ethnicity (by clicking on the individual names on "The Central Committee elected by the VIth Party Congress (b) 3 (16) .8.1917 members" reference), the Central Committee full- and candidate membership, Bureau membership, Secretariat membership and Orgburo membership were taken from these sources: * * * * * * Bibliography * * Sources {{DEFAULTSORT:6th Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Central Committee of the Communist Party of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julius Martov
Julius Martov or L. Martov (Ма́ртов; born Yuliy Osipovich Tsederbaum; 24 November 1873 – 4 April 1923) was a politician and revolutionary who became the leader of the Mensheviks in early 20th-century Russia. He was arguably the closest friend Vladimir Lenin ever had, and was a friend and mentor of Leon Trotsky, who described him as the "Hamlet of Democratic Socialism".Figes, p. 468Trotsky, Leon ''The History of the Russian Revolution'' p. 1156 Early life Martov was born to a middle-class, educated and politically aware Jewish family in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (modern day Istanbul). His sister was the fellow Menshevik leader Lydia Dan. Brought up in Odessa, he suffered constant humiliation as a schoolboy because of being Jewish. In his teens, he admired the Narodniks, but the famine crisis made him a Marxist: "It suddenly became clear to me how superficial and groundless the whole of my revolutionism had been until then, and how my subjective political roman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Bogdanov
Alexander Aleksandrovich Bogdanov (russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Богда́нов; – 7 April 1928), born Alexander Malinovsky, was a Russian and later Soviet physician, philosopher, science fiction writer, and Bolshevik revolutionary. He was a key figure in the early history of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (later the Communist Party of the Soviet Union), originally established 1898, and of its Bolshevik faction. Bogdanov co-founded the Bolsheviks in 1903, when they split with the Menshevik faction. He was a rival within the Bolsheviks to Vladimir Lenin (1870–1924), until being expelled in 1909 and founding his own faction Vpered. Following the Russian Revolutions of 1917, when the Bolsheviks came to power in the collapsing Russian Republic, during the first decade of the subsequent Soviet Union in the 1920s, he was an influential opponent of the Bolshevik government and Lenin from a Marxist leftist perspective. Bogdanov receive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raphael Abramovitch
Raphael Abramovitch Rein (1880–1963), best known as Raphael Abramovitch, was a Russian socialist, a member of the General Jewish Workers' Union in Lithuania, Poland and Russia (Bund), and a leader of the Menshevik wing of the Russian Social-Democratic Workers' Party (RSDRP). Abramovitch emigrated from Soviet Russia in 1920, landing in Berlin, where he was a co-founder of the long-running Menshevik journal ''Sotsialisticheskii vestnik'' (The Socialist Courier). After 1940, with the rise of fascism in Europe, he made his way to the United States, where he lived his final years. Biography Early years Raphael Abramovich Rein was born in Daugavpils (Dvinsk) in January 1880 (December 1879 old style). As a student at Riga Polytechnic he became involved in revolutionary politics and became a convinced Marxist. Revolutionary activity In 1901 he joined the Bund and the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDRP). After being arrested, he emigrated, and worked with the Bund abroad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Committee Elected By The 5th Congress Of The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
This Central Committee of the 5th Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party was in session from 19 May 1907 until 17 January 1912. Plenums The Central Committee was not a permanent institution. It convened plenary sessions and meetings. One CC plenary session, fifteen meetings and one CC conference were held between the 5th Congress and the 6th Conference. When the CC was not in session, decision-making power was vested in the internal bodies of the CC itself; that is, the Politburo A politburo () or political bureau is the executive committee for communist parties. It is present in most former and existing communist states. Names The term "politburo" in English comes from the Russian ''Politbyuro'' (), itself a contractio ..., Secretariat and Orgburo. None of these bodies were permanent either; typically they convened several times a month. Composition Members Candidates Prospectives References Citations Bibliography * * {{DEFAULTSORT:5th Centra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5th Congress Of The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
The 5th Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party was held in London between May 13 and June 1, 1907. The 5th Congress had the largest attendance of the Congresses of the unified RSDLP.Thatcher, Ian D. Trotsky'. Routledge Historical Biographies. London: Routledge, 2003. p. 49 Thirty-five sessions of the Congress were held in the Brotherhood Church in Hackney, during which stormy debates took place. Service, Robert. Stalin: A Biography'. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2005. p. 65 Delegations 338 delegates attended the Congress. There were: * 105 Bolshevik delegates, representing 33,000 members * 97 Menshevik delegates representing 43,000 members * 59 Bundist delegates representing 33,000 members * 44 Polish Social Democrat (SDKPiL) delegates, representing 28,000 members * 29 Latvian Social Democrat delegates, representing 13,000 members * 4 'non-faction' delegates 300 of the delegates had voting rights.Minczeles, Henri. ''His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
