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Chancas
The Chanka people (or Chanca) are a Quechua people ethnic group living in the regions of Apurimac Region, Apurimac, Ayacucho Region, Ayacucho and Lamas, Peru, Lamas of Peru. They were enemies of the Incas, and they were centered primarily in Andahuaylas, located in the modern-day region of Apurímac Region, Apurímac. The Chankas were divided into three groups: the Hanan Chankas, or the Upper Chankas, the Urin Chankas, or the Lower Chankas, and the Villca, or Hancohuallos. The Hanan Chankas had their center in Andahuaylas, the Urin Chankas in Uranmarca District, Uranmarca, and the Villca in Vilcas Huamán Province, Vilcas Huaman, Ayacucho Region, Ayacucho. The Chankas encompassed two ethnic groups with well-marked characteristics: the Hanan Chankas (or later called "the Parkos Kingdom"); and the Urin Chankas, who surrendered voluntarily to the Quechuan Cusco, and were not destroyed or subjected to forced land transfers (mitmakuna). The Hanan Chanka did not leave major contributio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viracocha Inca
Viracocha (in hispanicized spelling) or Wiraqucha (Quechua, the name of a god) was the eighth '' Sapa Inca'' of the Kingdom of Cusco (beginning around 1410) and the third of the Hanan dynasty. He was not the son of Yawar Waqaq; however, it was presented as such because he belonged to the same dynasty as his predecessor: the Hanan. His wife's name was Mama Runtucaya, and their sons included Inca Rocca, Tupac Yupanqui, Pachacuti and Ccapac Yupanqui. His original name was Hatun Tupaq Inca, but was named ''Viracocha'' after seeing visions of the god in Urcos. With Ccuri-chulpa, he had two additional sons, Inca Urco and Inca Socso.de Gamboa, P.S., 2015, ''History of the Incas'', Lexington, Events in Viracocha Inka's life have been recorded by several Spanish writers. The source closest to the original indigenous accounts comes from Juan de Betanzos, a Spanish commoner who rose to prominence by marrying an Inka princess and becoming the foremost translator for the colonial governmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamas, Peru
Lamas is the Capital (political), capital of the Lamas Province, situated in the San Martín Region of northern Peru. There are 16,871 inhabitants, according to the 2007 census. The 2005 northern Peru earthquake shook Lamas, killing 5 people and injuring 174; hundreds were left homeless. History Lamas has been conquered twice. The first time was for those Pocras and the group of those Hanan Chanka, Chancas who when being defeated supposedly in the battle of Yahuarpampa for the troops of the Inca Pachacuti, Pachacútec in 1438 and conquered their territories natives like Ayacucho, they abandoned their territory and they went into the forest. In their trajectory they found a favorable area to be located, the hill where today the city is located of Lamas, which was inhabited by one of the indigenous groups of the area. Ankoallo, leader of the Pocras, is considered to be the founder of the town of Lamas. External links *Homepage Populated places in the San Martín Region {{S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inca
The Inca Empire (also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire), called ''Tawantinsuyu'' by its subjects, (Quechua for the "Realm of the Four Parts", "four parts together" ) was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The administrative, political and military center of the empire was in the city of Cusco. The Inca civilization arose from the Peruvian highlands sometime in the early 13th century. The Spanish began the conquest of the Inca Empire in 1532 and by 1572, the last Inca state was fully conquered. From 1438 to 1533, the Incas incorporated a large portion of western South America, centered on the Andean Mountains, using conquest and peaceful assimilation, among other methods. At its largest, the empire joined modern-day Peru, what are now western Ecuador, western and south central Bolivia, northwest Argentina, the southwesternmost tip of Colombia and a large portion of modern-day Chile, and into a state comparable to the historical empires of Eurasia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incas
The Inca Empire (also Quechuan and Aymaran spelling shift, known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire), called ''Tawantinsuyu'' by its subjects, (Quechuan languages, Quechua for the "Realm of the Four Parts", "four parts together" ) was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The administrative, political and military center of the empire was in the city of Cusco. The History of the Incas, Inca civilization arose from the Peruvian highlands sometime in the early 13th century. The Spanish Empire, Spanish began the conquest of the Inca Empire in 1532 and by 1572, neo-Inca State, the last Inca state was fully conquered. From 1438 to 1533, the Incas incorporated a large portion of western South America, centered on the Andes, Andean Mountains, using conquest and peaceful assimilation, among other methods. At its largest, the empire joined modern-day Peru, what are now western Ecuador, western and south central Bolivia, northwest Argentina, the southwesternmost tip of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quechua People
Quechua people (, ; ) or Quichua people, may refer to any of the aboriginal people of South America who speak the Quechua languages, which originated among the Indigenous people of Peru. Although most Quechua speakers are native to Peru, there are some significant populations in Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, and Argentina. The most common Quechua dialect is Southern Quechua. The Kichwa people of Ecuador speak the Kichwa dialect; in Colombia, the Inga people speak Inga Kichwa. The Quechua word for a Quechua speaker is ''runa'' or ''nuna'' ("person"); the plural is ''runakuna'' or ''nunakuna'' ("people"). "Quechua speakers call themselves Runa -- simply translated, 'the people.'" Some historical Quechua people are: * The Chanka people, who lived in the Huancavelica, Ayacucho, and Apurímac regions of Peru. * The Huanca people of the Junín Region of Peru, who spoke Quechua before the Incas did. * The Inca, who established the largest empire of the pre-Columbian era. * T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayta Cápac
Mayta Cápac (Quechua ''Mayta Qhapaq Inka'') was the fourth Sapa Inca of the Kingdom of Cuzco (beginning around 1290 CE) and a member of the Hurin dynasty. Family and personal As a son of King Lloque Yupanqui, Mayta Cápac was his heir and the father of Cápac Yupanqui. His wife's name is given as Mama Tankariy Yachiy, or Tacucaray, or Mama Cuca.''The Incas: the royal commentaries of the Inca'', Garcilaso de la Vega His other children were Tarco Huaman, Apu Cunti Mayta, Queco Avcaylli, and Rocca Yupanqui.de Gamboa, P.S., 2015, History of the Incas, Lexington, Mayta's mother was Mama Cora Ocllo Coya. She died in Cuzco. Reign Mayta Capac was referred to as the reformer of the calendar. The chroniclers describe him as a great warrior who conquered territories as far as Lake Titicaca, Arequipa, and Potosí. While in fact, his kingdom was still limited to the valley of Cuzco. In 1134, Mayta Cápac put the regions of Arequipa and Moquegua Moquegua (, founded by the Spanish col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sapa Inca
The Sapa Inca (from Quechua ''Sapa Inka'' "the only Inca") was the monarch of the Inca Empire (''Tawantinsuyu''), as well as ruler of the earlier Kingdom of Cusco and the later Neo-Inca State. While the origins of the position are mythical and originate from the legendary foundation of the city of Cusco, it seems to have come into being historically around 1100 CE. Although the Inca believed the Sapa to be the son of Inti (the Inca Sun god) and often referred to him as ''Intip Churin'' or ‘Son of the Sun,’ the position eventually became hereditary, with son succeeding father. The principal wife of the Inca was known as the Coya or Qoya. The Sapa Inca was at the top of the social hierarchy, and played a dominant role in the political and spiritual realm. There were two known dynasties, led by the Hurin and Hanan moieties respectively. The latter was in power at the time of Spanish conquest. The last effective Sapa Inca of Inca Empire was Atahualpa, who was executed by Franci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pachacuti
Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui ( qu, Pachakutiq Inka Yupanki) was the ninth Sapa Inca (1418–1471/1472) of the Kingdom of Cusco which he transformed into the Inca Empire ( qu, Tawantinsuyu). Most archaeologists now believe that the famous Inca site of Machu Picchu was built as an estate for Pachacuti. In Quechua '' Pachakutiq'' means "reformer of the world", and ''Yupanki'' means "with honor". During his reign, Cusco grew from a hamlet into an empire that could compete with, and eventually overtake, the Chimú. He began an era of conquest that, within three generations, expanded the Inca dominion from the valley of Cusco to nearly the whole of western South America. According to chronicler Garcilaso de la Vega, Pachacuti created the Inti Raymi to celebrate the new year in the Andes of the Southern Hemisphere. Pachacuti is often linked to the origin and expansion of the Inti Sun Cult. Biographies Pachacutec was the ninth ruler of the Inca state who, from ruling a simple chiefdom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cusco
Cusco, often spelled Cuzco (; qu, Qusqu ()), is a city in Southeastern Peru near the Urubamba Valley of the Andes mountain range. It is the capital of the Cusco Region and of the Cusco Province. The city is the list of cities in Peru, seventh most populous in Peru; in 2017, it had a population of 428,450. Its elevation is around . The city was the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th century until the 16th-century Spanish conquest of Peru, Spanish conquest. In 1983, Cusco was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO with the title "City of Cuzco". It has become a major tourist destination, hosting nearly 2 million visitors a year. The Constitution of Peru (1993) designates it as the Historical Capital of Peru. Spelling and etymology The indigenous name of this city is . Although the name was used in Southern Quechua, its origin is found in the Aymara language. The word is derived from the phrase ('rock of the owl'), related to the city's foundation myth of the Ayar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayllu
The ''ayllu'', a family clan, is the traditional form of a community in the Andes, especially among Quechuas and Aymaras. They are an indigenous local government model across the Andes region of South America, particularly in Bolivia and Peru. Ayllus functioned prior to Inca conquest, during the Inca and Spanish colonial period, and continue to exist to the present day – such as the Andean community Ocra. Membership gave individual families more variation and security on the land that they farmed. Ayllus had defined territories and were essentially extended family or kin groups, but could include non-related members. Their primary function was to solve subsistence issues, and issues of how to get along in family, and the larger community. Ayllus descended from stars in the Inca cosmogony, and just like stars had unique celestial locations, each ayllu had a terrestrial location defined by the paqarina, the mythical point of emergence of the lineage huaca. Current practice ''A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garcilaso De La Vega (chronicler)
Inca Garcilaso de la Vega (12 April 1539 – 23 April 1616), born Gómez Suárez de Figueroa and known as El Inca, was a chronicler and writer born in the Viceroyalty of Peru. Sailing to Spain at 21, he was educated informally there, where he lived and worked the rest of his life. The natural son of a Spanish conquistador and an Inca noblewoman born in the early years of the conquest, he is known primarily for his chronicles of Inca history, culture, and society. His work was widely read in Europe, influential and well received. It was the first literature by an author born in the Americas to enter the western canon. After his father's death in 1559, Vega moved to Spain in 1561, seeking official acknowledgement as his father's son. His paternal uncle became a protector, and he lived in Spain for the rest of his life, where he wrote his histories of the Inca culture and Spanish conquest, as well as an account of De Soto's expedition in Florida. Early life Born Gómez Suárez de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cápac Yupanqui
Cápac Yupanqui (Quechua ''Qhapaq Yupanki Inka'', "splendid accountant Inca") was the fifth Sapa Inca of the Kingdom of Cusco (beginning around CE 1320) and the last of the Hurin dynasty. Family Yupanqui was a son and successor of Mayta Cápac while his elder brother Cunti Mayta became high priest.de Gamboa, P.S., 2015, ''History of the Incas'', p 44. Lexington, His chief wife was Mama Cusi Hilpay (or Qorihillpay or Ccuri-hilpay), the daughter of the lord of Anta, previously a great enemy of the Incas.Garcilaso de la Vega, ''The Incas: the royal commentaries of the Inca'' His son with a woman called Cusi Chimbo, founder of the Hanan dynasty, was Inca Roca.Catherine Julien, ''Reading Inca History'' Reign In legend, Yupanqui is a great conqueror; the chronicler Juan de Betanzos Juan Diez de Betanzos (b. Betanzos, Spain 1510 – d. Cusco, Peru March 1, 1576) wrote one of the most important sources on the conquest of the Incan civilization, Narrative of the Incas.Juan de B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
